Toxicity of G-P Compound Bioinsecticide to Aphids and Their Natural Enemies in Soybean Fields

The results of both laboratory and field tests on the toxicity of GP compound bioinsecticide to aphids and their natural enemies in soybean fields were reported in this paper. In the laboratory tests, aphid mortalities of 77.3% to 80.5% were achieved 24 hours after the spraying of 1 to 400 diluted G-P bioinsecticide; and the mortalities reached 91.3% to 96.1% 48 hours after the spraying. The control effects of this bioinsecticide on aphids in field test were 91.0%, which was similar to the results of 1 to 1000 diluted of 40% omethoate. The G-P bioinsecticide showed low toxicity to the natural enemies of aphids.Originating text in Chinese.Citation: Dai, Mei Xue, Zu, Ai Min. (1997). Toxicity of G-P Compound Bioinsecticide to Aphids and Their Natural Enemies in Soybean Fields. Natural Enemies of Insects, 19(2), 49-54

The Allowed Parameter Space of a Long-lived Neutron Star as the Merger Remnant of GW170817

Due to the limited sensitivity of the current gravitational wave (GW) detectors, the central remnant of the binary neutron star (NS) merger associated with GW170817 remains an open question. In view of the relatively large total mass, it is generally proposed that the merger of GW170817 would lead to a short-lived hypermassive NS or directly produce a black hole (BH). There is no clear evidence to support or rule out a long-lived NS as the merger remnant. Here, we utilize the GW and electromagnetic (EM) signals to comprehensively investigate the parameter space that allows a long-lived NS to survive as the merger remnant of GW170817. We find that for some stiff equations of state, the merger of GW170817 could, in principle, lead to a massive NS, which has a millisecond spin period. The post-merger GW signal could hardly constrain the ellipticity of the NS. If the ellipticity reaches 10−3, in order to be compatible with the multi-band EM observations, the dipole magnetic field of the NS (B p ) is constrained to the magnetar level of ~1014 G. If the ellipticity is smaller than 10−4, B p is constrained to the level of ~109–1011 G. These conclusions weakly depend on the adoption of the NS equation of state

(2,2′-Bipyridine-κ2 N,N′)chlorido[4′-(2,5-dimethoxy­phen­yl)-2,2′:6′,2′′-terpyridine-κ3 N,N′,N′′]ruthenium(II) hexa­fluorido­phosphate acetonitrile monosolvate

In the title compound, [RuCl(C10H8N2)(C23H19N3O2)]PF6·CH3CN, the ligand environment about the RuII atom is distorted octa­hedral, with the substituted terpyridyl ligand coordinated in a meridional fashion, the bipyridyl ligand coordinated in a cis fashion and the Cl atom trans to one of the bipyridyl N atoms. The Ru—N distances are in the range 2.036 (2)–2.084 (2) Å with the exception of the central Ru—N bond from the terpyridyl ligand, which is shorter [1.9503 (19) Å], as expected. The pendant dimethoxy­phenyl substituent is not coplanar with the terpyridyl unit; the dihedral angle between the central pyridyl ring and the benzene ring is 46.72 (11)°. The anion is disordered equally over two positions around an F—P—F bond axis

Average symbol error rate analysis of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces-assisted free-space optical link over log-normal turbulence channels

Optical wireless communication (OWC) has attracted significant interest recently in academia and industry. Free-space optical (FSO) communication systems are where free space acts as a communication channel between transceivers that are line of sight (LOS) for the successful transmission of optical signals. The FSO transmissions through the atmosphere, nevertheless, bring significant challenges, besides the uncertainty of atmospheric channels, especially the signal fading due to the atmospheric turbulence, attenuation and pointing errors caused by the random beam misalignments between transceivers, signal obstruction due to buildings or trees can pre-vent the transmitted message to reach the destination. This study theoretically investigates the average symbol error rate (ASER) of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) assisted FSO link over log-normal turbulence channels. The RIS effect is examined by considering the influence of link distance, transmitted optical power, and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) scheme on the ASER