The electrical and optical properties of Hg Te - In(_2) Te(_3) alloys

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Internal stress wave measurements in solids subjected to lithotripter pulses

Semiconductor strain gauges were used to measure the internal strain along the axes of spherical and disk plaster specimens when subjected to lithotripter shock pulses. The pulses were produced by one of two lithotripters. The first source generates spherically diverging shock waves of peak pressure approximately 1 MPa at the surface of the specimen. For this source, the incident and first reflected pressure (P) waves in both sphere and disk specimens were identified. In addition, waves reflected by the disk circumference were found to contribute significantly to the strain fields along the disk axis. Experimental results compared favorably to a ray theory analysis of a spherically diverging shock wave striking either concretion. For the sphere, pressure contours for the incident P wave and caustic lines were determined theoretically for an incident spherical shock wave. These caustic lines indicate the location of the highest stresses within the sphere and therefore the areas where damage may occur. Results were also presented for a second source that uses an ellipsoidal reflector to generate a 30-MPa focused shock wave, more closely approximating the wave fields of a clinical extracorporeal lithotripter

Evaluation of quality of MBBS Biochemistry theory question papers of medical institutions in Maharashtra

Background: In medical curricula, the assessment of cognitive domain of learning is through written theory examination. At present questions are prepared casually just before the examination and are not put through any quality check to assess reliability, validity, educational impact, and acceptability.Methods: This study was conducted to retrospectively review and evaluate question items in Biochemistry examination question paper, according to specified criteria with the intention to determine its quality and design. A total of 14 preliminary examination question papers were collected by request from medical colleges affiliated to Maharashtra University of Health Sciences, Nashik; to evaluate selection of topics, their weightage, cognitive level, difficulty level and types of MCQ, SAQ and LAQ items, as per prescribed structure and protocol of question setting. The data was compiled in Microsoft excel, and coefficient of variation was calculated for each parameter tested.Results: There was variation in the topic wise distribution of marks in relation to lecture hours and weightage assigned to each topic. In general, there was inconsistency and nonconformity with respect to the characteristics for maintaining quality. Inadequacy of testing higher cognitive levels and lack of case based and application type of questions was observed.Conclusions: The quality of question paper setting can be improved by introducing blue print in assessment system. The use of the blue print will ensure consistent high standard of question presentation, which will help students to understand the questions better and to answer them correctly

A rare case of acute lumbar strain

Introduction: Acute lumbar pain is a suddenly caused pain in the lower back region, and there are spasms in the lower back that result in more severe pain. It occurs in all age groups. The first attack of the lower back pain is typically caused at the age of 30-50. Acute lumbar strain is caused by pushing or tugging and weight lifting heavy objects too heavy for the person's capacity. Most cases of acute lumbar strain can be treated in two to three weeks; if you can cure or take a proper precaution, then it will not cause any injury in the low back region and cannot cause any complications in the health. The lower back pain is healed by cold applications such as ice bags (to reduce the pain and swelling), and heat is applied to the back to prevent the pain. Clinical findings: Pain in the lower back region also creates spasms in the lower back region. Diagnostic evaluation: Blood test: Hb-15.6 gm%, Total RBC count-4.7millions/cu mm, Total WBC count-70000-8000/cu mm, Total Platelet count-2.8 lacs/cu mm, Albumin-4.5 gm%, Bilirubin (conjugated)-0.3 gm%, Bilirubin (unconjugated)-1.0 gm%. Therapeutic intervention: The physician suggests non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and pain killers, and a physiotherapist recommends muscle relaxation exercises. Outcome: After the specialized Treatment, the patient's pain is relieved, and the patient feels very relaxed; now, the patient has a good condition till the last date of care. Conclusion: The patient was admitted with a chief complaint of pain in the lower back region, pain associated while walking, and the patient was not able to sleep properly; there was a disturbed sleeping pattern of the patient. Diagnosed with a case of acute lumbar strain after getting proper treatment and the patient condition was improved

A Survey on Blood Storage and Distribution Systems

This paper presents a review of the literature on inventory and supply chain management of blood distribution system. First, we identify different perspectives on approaches to classifying theexisting material. Each perspective is presented as a table in which the classification is displayed. The classification choices are exemplified through the citation of key references or by expounding the features of the perspective. The main contribution of this review is to facilitate the tracing of published work in relevant fields of interest, as well as identifying trends and indicating which areas should be subject to future research

ATLIST Tree for analysis of Vulnerability

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Smart Crawler a Three Phase Crawler for Mining Deep Web Databases

The Web has been immediately "extended" by crowd searchable databases on the web, where information is holed up behind inquiry interfaces. The Deep Web, i.e., content holed up behind HTML forms, has for some time been perceived as a critical hole in internet searcher scope. Since it addresses a broad fragment of the organized information on the Web, getting to Deep-Web content has been a longstanding test for the database group. The fast advancement of the World-Wide Web postures remarkable scaling challenges for all around valuable crawlers and web search tools. This paper study on various techniques for profound web interfaces furthermore concentrates on crawlers. As profound web creates at a snappy pace, there has been extended eagerness for methods that help capably with find profound web interfaces. On the other hand, in light of the significant volume of web resources and the dynamic method for profound web, finishing wide degree and high adequacy is a testing issue. To beat this issue proposes a two-arrange structure, in particular Smart Crawler, for effective gathering profound web interfaces. Likewise proposes a framework which actualizes new classifier Na?ve Bayes rather than SVM for searchable form classifier (SFC) and a domain-specific form classifier (DSFC). Proposed framework is contributing new module in light of client login for chose enrolled clients who can surf the specific domain as indicated by given contribution by the client. This is module is likewise utilized for separating the outcomes

Study of malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress marker in schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is characterized by distortions in thinking, perception, emotions, language, sense of self and behaviour. It has been demonstrated that free radical-mediated damage has an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. The present study was undertaken to study malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress marker in first episode and chronic schizophrenic patients.Methods: 50 patients of first episode schizophrenia and 50 patients of chronic schizophrenia were included in the study. 50 numbers of age and sex matched healthy and apparently normal controls were also selected for study. Blood samples were drawn and analysed for malondialdehyde (MDA) from all participants.Results: The study shows significant increase in plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in both first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenic patients as compared to controls. When we compared levels of these parameters in first episode schizophrenics and chronic schizophrenics, we did not find significant difference.Conclusions: Findings in our study is suggesting that increase in the levels of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) occurs due to increased lipid peroxidation in schizophrenics.