The United States at a crossroads

Analiza współczesnego kryzysu ekonomicznego w kontekście szeroko pojętej wojny kultur. Autorzy ukazują, w jaki sposób procesy ekonomiczne są zależne od głębokich zjawisk kulturowych

Master of Science

thesisIn this thesis, I applied Cauchy-type integral-based depth-to-basement estimation method to a variety of models to test the reliability of the method in different geological scenarios. I also inverted for three-dimensional (3D) subsurface anomalous density distribution with constrained model parameters in order to produce more compact inversion results. I demonstrated several single-block and multiple-block synthetic model results produced by constrained 3D gravity inversion. I also display results for Cauchy-type integral-based 3D depth-to-basement inversion of simple/complex basin models. The results from both methods are nicely consistent with true models at a very low misfit level and a fast convergence. A case study is presented at the end of our paper for both methods, and results for both methods are used to do interpretation jointly

United States as a Monetary Union: A Lesson for Europe?

From introduction: "Thirteen North American colonies gained independence from the United Kingdom of Great Britain in 1783, four years later the states agreed upon a constitution and set up a federation. Soon afterwards, with the election of the first president in 1789, the new nation established a well functioning central government. However, the country had no single currency until 1879 and no central bank until 1913. Nevertheless, in spite of the absence of institutions that are these days frequently perceived in the European Union (EU) as attributes of a powerful nation, the United States managed to settle vast new territories, develop new industries, as well as, wage and win wars. Consequently, at the time the Federal Reserve Bank (Fed) was created, the nation was already a recognized economic and political superpower. America’s entry into the first world war tipped the scale in favor of the Entente and president Wilson was in a position to play key role in the post-war peace conference."(...

Political economy of the euro area crisis

For many experts the true motivation behind the introduction of a single currency in Europe is political rather than economic. This view is based on the fact that the euro area does not constitute an optimal currency area and, therefore, the costs of monetary integration are likely to outweigh the benefits. In particular, the loss of control over monetary policy and exchange rates make overcoming asymmetric demand-side shocks very painful. Moreover, the monetary union lacks a common fiscal authority that could help in smoothing out business cycles. The present crisis exposed these vulnerabilities and, unfortunately, so far economic policies adopted in the region have failed to rectify these shortcomings

Civil Practice and Procedure

This Article discusses Supreme Court of Virginia opinions and revisions to the Code of Virginia and Rules of the Supreme Court of Virginia impacting civil procedure here in the Commonwealth over the last year. The Article first addresses opinions of the supreme court, then new legislation enacted during the 2021 General Assembly Session, and finally, approved revisions to the Rules of the Supreme Court of Virginia

Civil Practice and Procedure

Continuing in the rich vein of prior Annual Surveys, this article examines developments in Virginia civil procedure and practice in the past year. The survey includes a discussion of the relevant decisions from the Supreme Court of Virginia, changes to applicable rules of practice or procedure, and new legislation, which will likely affect the practice of a civil practitioner in the Commonwealth of Virginia

Civil Practice and Procedure

This article addresses changes and notable analyses in approximately a year’s worth of Supreme Court of Virginia opinions, passed legislation, and revisions to the Rules of the Supreme Court of Virginia affecting Virginia civil procedure.1 This article is not meant to be all-encompassing, but it does endeavor to capture the highlights of changes or analyses regarding Virginia civil procedure. The opinions discussed throughout this article do not all reflect changes in Virginia jurisprudence on civil procedure. Some address clarifications or reminders from the court on certain issues it has deemed worthy of addressing (and that practitioners continue to raise). The article first addresses opinions of the supreme court, then new legislation enacted during the 2018 General Assembly Session, and finally approved revisions to the Rules of the Supreme Court of Virginia

Global Language Variation in Online Writing Instructional Spaces: English as a Lingua Franca Among Global Participants in a Massive Open Online Course

Two vectors of the internationalization of US higher education—online courses and student diversity—intersect at a point where a broad mix of culturally and linguistically diverse students enroll in online courses, including writing courses. This study applies an English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) lens to examine language in an online writing environment in order to understand how the participants use their linguistic resources to communicate in English across varieties and around the world. This study employs discourse analysis to two discussion forums from a US-based composition MOOC (Massive Open Online Course). More than three quarters of the MOOC participants came from outside of North America; almost half reported being native English speakers, and an equal amount reported speaking English enough for most situations. One discussion board centered on the concept of ethos and another centered on brainstorming ideas for the final writing project. In examining how global English language users from a variety of linguistic backgrounds discuss writing in these spaces, this study found that participants expressed understanding and valuing of English language variation across time and geographic locations, and they demonstrated accommodation in use of culturally-laden language forms for the global audience through uses of idioms in the discussion posts. Throughout the forums, deviations from English as a native language (ENL) norms occurred, but in these forum spaces, the flow appears to continue with attention on the communicative goal rather than on the non-ENL variations. These findings evidence strong potential for the inclusion of language awareness activities in US composition instruction spaces. Such work aims to create US university writing courses that are more equitable and effective for a global audience, including helping domestic US students develop important intercultural skills to participate in culturally and linguistically diverse arenas