6 research outputs found

    WRAP CONTRACTS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON THE CONTRACT LAW

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    The basis of the digital economy is electronic commerce (e-commerce), based on contracting which increasingly relies on the use of a digital technology. A contract represents the basis of legal obligation, as well as the foundation of the validity and legitimacy of legal rules, dating back to the theory of the social contract. The functioning of the digital society and digital economy has introduced the process of digitization into the scope of the Contract Law and contracting practice. On the example of wrap contracts, as a kind of online contracts by access (adhesion contracts), the author shows how new practices in contracting affect the traditional obligation law institutes

    SCOPE AND QUALITY OF LEGAL PROTECTION AFFORDED TO COMPUTER PROGRAMS AS OBJECT OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY

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    Computer programs are basic components of the usage of digital technology in all aspects of modern life, so the question arises as to how can current legal rules follow the development of digital technology  i.e. computer programs as well as modalities of its usage. The use of digital technology, especially via creation of computer programs, affects the law, and, consequently, leads to the need for adjusting already established legal mechanisms or for creating new ones for this aspect of legal relations. Since creation and usage of computer programs is basically result of human creative activity (intellectual property), the need arises to position and classify, as well as to define rights, obligations and legal protection of subjects and objects involved in these legal relations. Computer program, in the context of the law of Republic of Serbia, is treated as an object of copyright, while comparative law analyses shows different legal treatments in national laws in the region. Having in mind that computer technology develops far more faster than legal regulation can follow, question arises as to what is current scope and quality of legal protection of computer programs, as object of intellectual property. Defined issues will be analyzed within legal systems of the states in the region – Republic of Serbia, Republic of Croatia, Republic of Montenegro and Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as in the wider context of the law of the European Union and the process of harmonization of national laws with community law

    National responsibility of the European Union in the light of the international law rules on the responsibility of international organizations

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    ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° Ρƒ овој Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ Π΄Π° Π»ΠΈ сС Π½Π° Европску ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ ΠΈ њСнС Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ Ρ‡Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π΅, ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ˜ΡƒΡ›ΠΈ Ρƒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ посСбност самС УнијС ΠΈ њСног ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡˆΡ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности садрТана Ρƒ Нацрту ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° КомисијС Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ дСфинисати посСбно ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Ρƒ смислу lex specialis-Π° којС Π±ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° Π£Π½ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ. Овако дСфинисан ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ спада Ρƒ област ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ области ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ јавног ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°, Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρƒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ˜Π½ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Свропско (ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ) ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° јС данас свС Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡšΠ΅, ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ свСдочи ΠΈ Π±Ρ€Π· Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Π½Π° свСтским ΠΈ Свропским ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π΄ КомисијС Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ Π£Ρ˜Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡšΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π”Π²Π΅ су основнС Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π΅ Π½Π° којима сС заснива ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ. ΠŸΡ€Π²ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈ сС ΠΎΠ΄ посСбности ЕвропскС ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρƒ односу Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π£ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ смислу, Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ сС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π° Унија ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅, ΠΈ њСн ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊ, Ρƒ односу Π½Π° ΡƒΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π½Π΅ карактСристикС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Ρƒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Ρƒ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π° Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π° Ρ‚Π²Ρ€Π΄ΠΈ Π΄Π° јС ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ›Π΅ ΠΈΠ· досадашњС праксС ΡƒΡ‚Π²Ρ€Ρ’ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ одговорности ЕвропскС ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ којС Π±ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Ρƒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈ lex specialis-Π°, посСбно Ρƒ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π²ΠΈΠΌΠ° одговорности УнијС ΠΈ Ρ‡Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° проистСклих ΠΈΠ· β€žΠ΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°β€œ. Π£ Ρ†ΠΈΡ™Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π΅, ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° споровС Ρƒ којима јС учСствовала Европска ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ судским Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ° која су ΠΎΠ΄Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΎ њСној одговорности.The research subject of this doctoral thesis is whether general rules on international responsibility of international organizations, as defined by International Law Commission, in Draft Articles on responsibility of international organizations (hereinafter: Draft), can be applied to European Union and member states, bearing in mind specificity of the Union and its order, or special rule can be defined in terms of lex specialis. Thus defined, the research subject falls within the area of the law of international organizations, as specific branch of public international law, but to a significant extent, also within European (communitarian) law. Responsibility of international organizations represents increasingly significant topic in contemporary international law, as evidenced by rapid development of this branch of international law in international and European law schools study programs, and also by the work of the International Law Commission of the United Nations on the codification of rules on the responsibility of international organizations. This research in based upon two hypothesis. Firstly, European Union is considered special in relation to the traditional concept of international organizations. Thus, after presenting codified rules on international responsibility of international organizations, author analyzes the Union as an international organization, and its order in relation to the common characteristics of international organizations in international law. The second hypothesis argues that it is possible, based on the current jurisprudence on the international responsibility of the European Union before various forums, to define a rule that could be applied in the form of lex specialis, especially in cases of responsibility of the Union and its Member States stemming from "the decentralized implementation of the Community legal order." In order to confirm this hypothesis, the study includes cases before various judicial bodies in which participated the European Union and which have decided on its responsibility

    National responsibility of the European Union in the light of the international law rules on the responsibility of international organizations

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    ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° Ρƒ овој Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ Π΄Π° Π»ΠΈ сС Π½Π° Европску ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ ΠΈ њСнС Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ Ρ‡Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π΅, ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ˜ΡƒΡ›ΠΈ Ρƒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ посСбност самС УнијС ΠΈ њСног ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡˆΡ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности садрТана Ρƒ Нацрту ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° КомисијС Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ дСфинисати посСбно ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Ρƒ смислу lex specialis-Π° којС Π±ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° Π£Π½ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ. Овако дСфинисан ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ спада Ρƒ област ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ области ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ јавног ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°, Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρƒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ˜Π½ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Свропско (ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ) ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° јС данас свС Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡšΠ΅, ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ свСдочи ΠΈ Π±Ρ€Π· Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Π½Π° свСтским ΠΈ Свропским ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π΄ КомисијС Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ Π£Ρ˜Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡšΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π”Π²Π΅ су основнС Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π΅ Π½Π° којима сС заснива ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ. ΠŸΡ€Π²ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈ сС ΠΎΠ΄ посСбности ЕвропскС ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρƒ односу Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π£ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ смислу, Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ сС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π° Унија ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅, ΠΈ њСн ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊ, Ρƒ односу Π½Π° ΡƒΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π½Π΅ карактСристикС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Ρƒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Ρƒ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π° Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π° Ρ‚Π²Ρ€Π΄ΠΈ Π΄Π° јС ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ›Π΅ ΠΈΠ· досадашњС праксС ΡƒΡ‚Π²Ρ€Ρ’ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ одговорности ЕвропскС ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ којС Π±ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Ρƒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈ lex specialis-Π°, посСбно Ρƒ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π²ΠΈΠΌΠ° одговорности УнијС ΠΈ Ρ‡Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° проистСклих ΠΈΠ· β€žΠ΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°β€œ. Π£ Ρ†ΠΈΡ™Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π΅, ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° споровС Ρƒ којима јС учСствовала Европска ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ судским Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ° која су ΠΎΠ΄Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΎ њСној одговорности.The research subject of this doctoral thesis is whether general rules on international responsibility of international organizations, as defined by International Law Commission, in Draft Articles on responsibility of international organizations (hereinafter: Draft), can be applied to European Union and member states, bearing in mind specificity of the Union and its order, or special rule can be defined in terms of lex specialis. Thus defined, the research subject falls within the area of the law of international organizations, as specific branch of public international law, but to a significant extent, also within European (communitarian) law. Responsibility of international organizations represents increasingly significant topic in contemporary international law, as evidenced by rapid development of this branch of international law in international and European law schools study programs, and also by the work of the International Law Commission of the United Nations on the codification of rules on the responsibility of international organizations. This research in based upon two hypothesis. Firstly, European Union is considered special in relation to the traditional concept of international organizations. Thus, after presenting codified rules on international responsibility of international organizations, author analyzes the Union as an international organization, and its order in relation to the common characteristics of international organizations in international law. The second hypothesis argues that it is possible, based on the current jurisprudence on the international responsibility of the European Union before various forums, to define a rule that could be applied in the form of lex specialis, especially in cases of responsibility of the Union and its Member States stemming from "the decentralized implementation of the Community legal order." In order to confirm this hypothesis, the study includes cases before various judicial bodies in which participated the European Union and which have decided on its responsibility

    National responsibility of the European Union in the light of the international law rules on the responsibility of international organizations

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    ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° Ρƒ овој Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΡΠΊΠΎΡ˜ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ Ρ˜Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅ Π΄Π° Π»ΠΈ сС Π½Π° Европску ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ ΠΈ њСнС Π΄Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Π²Π΅ Ρ‡Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π΅, ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ˜ΡƒΡ›ΠΈ Ρƒ Π²ΠΈΠ΄Ρƒ посСбност самС УнијС ΠΈ њСног ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°, ΠΌΠΎΠ³Ρƒ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡˆΡ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности садрТана Ρƒ Нацрту ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° КомисијС Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ, ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ дСфинисати посСбно ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ, Ρƒ смислу lex specialis-Π° којС Π±ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Π½Π° Π£Π½ΠΈΡ˜Ρƒ. Овако дСфинисан ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ спада Ρƒ област ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡƒΠΆΠ΅ области ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ јавног ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π°, Π°Π»ΠΈ Ρƒ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π°Ρ˜Π½ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° ΠΈ Свропско (ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎ) ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° јС данас свС Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΠΈΡ‚Π°ΡšΠ΅, ΠΎ Ρ‡Π΅ΠΌΡƒ свСдочи ΠΈ Π±Ρ€Π· Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ˜ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Π³Ρ€Π°Π½Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π° Π½Π° свСтским ΠΈ Свропским ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡƒΠ»Ρ‚Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π΄ КомисијС Π·Π° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΎ Π£Ρ˜Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡšΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ… Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π”Π²Π΅ су основнС Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π΅ Π½Π° којима сС заснива ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ. ΠŸΡ€Π²ΠΎ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π·ΠΈ сС ΠΎΠ΄ посСбности ЕвропскС ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ Ρƒ односу Π½Π° Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π΄ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°Π½ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°. Π£ Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ смислу, Π½Π°ΠΊΠΎΠ½ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π° Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡ„ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π° ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ˜ одговорности ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π°, Ρƒ Ρ€Π°Π΄Ρƒ сС Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€Π° Унија ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅, ΠΈ њСн ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Π΄Π°ΠΊ, Ρƒ односу Π½Π° ΡƒΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡ‡Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π½Π΅ карактСристикС ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΡ… ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π° Ρƒ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²Ρƒ. Π”Ρ€ΡƒΠ³Π° Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π° Ρ‚Π²Ρ€Π΄ΠΈ Π΄Π° јС ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡƒΡ›Π΅ ΠΈΠ· досадашњС праксС ΡƒΡ‚Π²Ρ€Ρ’ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ° ΠΌΠ΅Ρ’ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Π΅ одговорности ЕвропскС ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΡƒΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π²ΠΎΡ˜ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π°Π²ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ којС Π±ΠΈ сС ΠΌΠΎΠ³Π»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈ Ρƒ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠΈ lex specialis-Π°, посСбно Ρƒ ΡΠ»ΡƒΡ‡Π°Ρ˜Π΅Π²ΠΈΠΌΠ° одговорности УнијС ΠΈ Ρ‡Π»Π°Π½ΠΈΡ†Π° проистСклих ΠΈΠ· β€žΠ΄Π΅Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡ˜Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ‚Π°Ρ€Π½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΊΠ°β€œ. Π£ Ρ†ΠΈΡ™Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π²Ρ€Π΄Π΅ ΠΎΠ²Π΅ Ρ…ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π·Π΅, ΠΈΡΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡšΠ΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ…Π²Π°Ρ‚Π° споровС Ρƒ којима јС учСствовала Европска ΡƒΠ½ΠΈΡ˜Π° ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ Ρ€Π°Π·Π»ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΌ судским Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈΠΌΠ° која су ΠΎΠ΄Π»ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»Π° ΠΎ њСној одговорности.The research subject of this doctoral thesis is whether general rules on international responsibility of international organizations, as defined by International Law Commission, in Draft Articles on responsibility of international organizations (hereinafter: Draft), can be applied to European Union and member states, bearing in mind specificity of the Union and its order, or special rule can be defined in terms of lex specialis. Thus defined, the research subject falls within the area of the law of international organizations, as specific branch of public international law, but to a significant extent, also within European (communitarian) law. Responsibility of international organizations represents increasingly significant topic in contemporary international law, as evidenced by rapid development of this branch of international law in international and European law schools study programs, and also by the work of the International Law Commission of the United Nations on the codification of rules on the responsibility of international organizations. This research in based upon two hypothesis. Firstly, European Union is considered special in relation to the traditional concept of international organizations. Thus, after presenting codified rules on international responsibility of international organizations, author analyzes the Union as an international organization, and its order in relation to the common characteristics of international organizations in international law. The second hypothesis argues that it is possible, based on the current jurisprudence on the international responsibility of the European Union before various forums, to define a rule that could be applied in the form of lex specialis, especially in cases of responsibility of the Union and its Member States stemming from "the decentralized implementation of the Community legal order." In order to confirm this hypothesis, the study includes cases before various judicial bodies in which participated the European Union and which have decided on its responsibility

    Iregularne migracije kao bezbednosni rizik

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