Frequent alterations in cytoskeleton remodelling genes in primary and metastatic lung adenocarcinomas

The landscape of genetic alterations in lung adenocarcinoma derived from Asian patients is largely uncharacterized. Here we present an integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis of 335 primary lung adenocarcinomas and 35 corresponding lymph node metastases from Chinese patients. Altogether 13 significantly mutated genes are identified, including the most commonly mutated gene TP53 and novel mutation targets such as RHPN2, GLI3 and MRC2. TP53 mutations are furthermore significantly enriched in tumours from patients harbouring metastases. Genes regulating cytoskeleton remodelling processes are also frequently altered, especially in metastatic samples, of which the high expression level of IQGAP3 is identified as a marker for poor prognosis. Our study represents the first large-scale sequencing effort on lung adenocarcinoma in Asian patients and provides a comprehensive mutational landscape for both primary and metastatic tumours. This may thus form a basis for personalized medical care and shed light on the molecular pathogenesis of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma

A Numerical Study on the Flap Side-Edge Noise Reduction Using Passive Blowing Air Concept

The flap side-edge is a vital contributor to airframe noise. In this study, we propose a novel flap side-edge noise reduction method based on the concept of active blowing air. A long slot is opened from the flap’s lower surface to the tip surface to induce a secondary jet flow, which is driven by the local pressure difference between the flap’s lower surface and the tip surface. The unsteady flow field around the flap side-edge was computed by the lattice Boltzmann solver PowerFLOW, and the far-field noise was predicted by the FW-H equation. It is demonstrated that the dominant features of the flap side-edge flow are the double vortex structures, and the new passive blowing air reduction method can achieve about 3.3 dB noise reduction. Moreover, the underlying noise reduction mechanism has been analyzed and revealed. It is shown that the secondary jet flow from the long slot on the flap side-edge would dissipate the flap side-edge vortex and displace the flap side-edge vortical structure away from the flap surface, thus resulting in a decrease in the pressure fluctuations on the flap side-edge surface. As a result, the flap side-edge noise was reduced. In contrast to the current active air blowing technique, the newly proposed blowing air technique is passive and quite simple and does not require an extra air source or control system. This novel flap side-edge noise reduction technology provides a new flow control strategy and noise reduction methodology and can be further optimized

Development of Leather Fiber/Polyurethane Composite with Antibacterial, Wet Management, and Temperature-Adaptive Flexibility for Foot Care

With the increase in the incidence of diabetes, the health care of the feet of diabetic patients becomes particularly important. Herein, leather fiber (LF) was utilized with waterborne polyhexamethylene guanidine-embedded polyurethane (PPU) to prepare network-interpenetrating LF/PPU composites as potential foot care material via a facile “paper-making” pathway. Due to the coating of PPU on LF, the release of chromium in sweat is significantly reduced. The fibrous structure endows LF/PPU with temporary hydrophobicity, air permeability, and moisture absorption and retention. Such wet management capacity can help to maintain a dry environment inside a shoe model. Moreover, the presence of PPU improves the durability of LF/PPU, and the synergistic effect of LF and PPU leads to temperature adaptive flexibility of LF/PPU, thus providing the proper strength to protect feet at low temperatures while offering flexibility in hot environments to facilitate movement. Furthermore, LF/PPU possesses antibacterial and antimildew properties, which are still effective after repeated friction. This study offers a facile and eco-friendly route to develop multifunctional composites for health wear products, especially for foot care

Development of Leather Fiber/Polyurethane Composite with Antibacterial, Wet Management, and Temperature-Adaptive Flexibility for Foot Care

With the increase in the incidence of diabetes, the health care of the feet of diabetic patients becomes particularly important. Herein, leather fiber (LF) was utilized with waterborne polyhexamethylene guanidine-embedded polyurethane (PPU) to prepare network-interpenetrating LF/PPU composites as potential foot care material via a facile “paper-making” pathway. Due to the coating of PPU on LF, the release of chromium in sweat is significantly reduced. The fibrous structure endows LF/PPU with temporary hydrophobicity, air permeability, and moisture absorption and retention. Such wet management capacity can help to maintain a dry environment inside a shoe model. Moreover, the presence of PPU improves the durability of LF/PPU, and the synergistic effect of LF and PPU leads to temperature adaptive flexibility of LF/PPU, thus providing the proper strength to protect feet at low temperatures while offering flexibility in hot environments to facilitate movement. Furthermore, LF/PPU possesses antibacterial and antimildew properties, which are still effective after repeated friction. This study offers a facile and eco-friendly route to develop multifunctional composites for health wear products, especially for foot care