Human Dimensions of Marine Fisheries: Using GIS to Illustrate Land-Sea Connections in the Northeast U.S. Herring, Clupea harengus, Fishery

Geographic Information Systems can help improve ocean literacy and inform our understanding of the human dimensions of marine resource use. This paper describes a pilot project where GIS is used to illustrate the connections between fish stocks and the social, cultural, and economic components of the fishery on land. This method of presenting and merging qualitative and quantitative data represents a new approach to assist fishery managers, participants, policy-makers, and other stakeholders in visualizing an often confusing and poorly understood web of interactions. The Atlantic herring fishery serves as a case study and maps from this pilot project are presented and methods reviewed

A note about a new method for solving Riccati differential equations

Al Bastami, Belić, and Petrović (2010) proposed a new method to find solutions to some Riccati differential equations. Initially, they obtain a second-order linear ordinary differential equation (ODE) through a standard variable change in the Riccati equation. They then propose a new variable change and discuss the resolution of the resulting ODE in two cases. In the first one, the resulting ODE has constant coefficients. In the second case, they claim that it is possible to arbitrarily choose one of the resulting ODE coefficients and solve particular Riccati ODEs. We show in this work that all Riccati equations that belong to the first case can also be solved by Chini’s method. Furthermore, we show that any Riccati equation fits the second case and that the choice of the resulting ODE coefficients is not free

Common property to co-management: Social change and participation in Brazil's first Maritime Extractive Reserve.

Maritime Extractive Reserves, a new type of government-community collaborative management regime, are being established in coastal areas of Brazil in order to protect natural resources while sustaining local livelihoods. The long-term participation of resource users provides the cornerstone of this conservation and development model. This approach to conservation is supported by common property theory that questions the inevitable destruction of collectively managed resources. This thesis explores the relationship between Maritime Extractive Reserves in Brazil and the traditional coastal communities they are created to protect. Specifically, it investigates the quality of the institutions which have traditionally governed the beach seining community in Arraial do Cabo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It then analyses the levels and kinds of participation and perceptions of the newly created Extractive Reserve, which attempts to build upon these traditional relationships. Finally, the study identifies community level factors that constrain or provide potential for long-term participatory conservation in this area. A case study approach is adopted, involving both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Data were collected through a questionnaire, participant observation, formal and informal interviews, focus groups and document review. This hybrid approach enables contextual exploration for which qualitative methods are essential ensuring a higher degree of accuracy and reliability than either could offer in isolation. The data reveal that, although local traditional resource management institutions have a long history and were once effective, they have weakened over time. The data also indicate that there are significant social barriers to collective action within this user group which have implications for the operational viability of the Extractive Reserve concept. These barriers include weak organization, hierarchical structures, high levels of intra-community conflict and mistrust of government. Consequently, both the quantity and quality of participation in the reserve is low and therefore, local fishers are not becoming decisive players in the decision-making process. The implications of these conclusions for future maritime conservation policy in Brazil are explored

Tumor-Selective and Self-Activating Chemiluminescent Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy

Application of light in chemistry presents an active field of research with a very promising outlook, particularly in technology and medicine. Molecules which mediate the transfer of light to another molecule (photosensitizers) are the cornerstone of exploitation of light. The current state of research and recent progress in applications of photosensitizers in diverse fields are documented in twelve chapters written by scientists from around the world. Chapter 1 gives a general overview on the applications of photosensitizers in synthetic organic chemistry. This review is followed by Chapters 2-7, which deal with the various applications of photosensitizers in medicine, in particular for photodynamic cancer therapy. The subsequent Chapters 8-12 cover different aspects of applications of photosensitizers in material science, such as for dye-sensitized solar cells and photo-responsive materials

Estudo da resistência hidrodinâmica em reparos navais a base de resinas Epoxi e Poliéster

Compósitos a base de resinas epoxídicas e poliésteres são amplamente utilizados na manutenção de navios e embarcações. Estudos da resistência hidrodinâmicas de compósitos de fibras de vidro e carbono tendo como matriz resinas poliméricas a base de epoxi e poliéster não foram encontrados na literatura. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o a resistência hidrodinâmica de reparos compósitos de resinas epoxi e poliéster reforçados com fibras aderidas à chapa de aço naval (ASTM A-131). O conceito da pesquisa foi retirado de situações que envolviam a manutenção de reparos rápidos em embarcações com casco metálico. Todos os compósitos testados foram aprovados nas condições avaliadas

Collaborative Approaches to Fisheries Management in the Northeast US: A Tilefish Case Study

Extended abstract

Efeito da adição de estabilizantes UV no comportamento reológico de resinas epóxi e poliéster

O uso de agentes estabilizantes contra a radiação Ultravioleta é essencial para manutenção da integridade das resinas poliméricas. Porém, o uso de diferentes teores e tipos de estabilizantes pode alterar o comportamento reológico das resinas. Neste trabalho foi avaliado o efeito de estabilizantes UV, em diferentes proporções na reologia de duas resinas comerciais à base de epoxi e poliéster. Os estabilizantes orgânicos têm diferentes viscosidades. Ambos os estabilizantes reduzem a viscosidade das resinas. Em ensaios tixotrópicos não foi observado variação significativa em função do teor de estabilizante. A tensão limite de escoamento das resinas foi determinada por varredura de deformação. O valor da tensão limite obtida pela curva de fluxo foi avaliada também pelo ensaio dinâmico sob tensão constante. As metodologias comprovaram o efeito de modificador de viscosidade dos estabilizantes

Development of a Coelenterazine Derivative with Enhanced Superoxide Anion-Triggered Chemiluminescence in Aqueous Solution

Superoxide anion is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) of biological interest. More specifically, it plays a role in intra- and intercellular signaling, besides being associated with conditions such as inflammation and cancer. Given this, efforts have been made by the research community to devise new sensing strategies for this ROS species. Among them, the chemiluminescent reaction of marine Coelenterazine has been employed as a sensitive and dynamic probing approach. Nevertheless, chemiluminescent reactions are typically associated with lower emissions in aqueous solutions. Herein, here we report the synthesis of a new Coelenterazine derivative with the potential for superoxide anion sensing. Namely, this novel compound is capable of chemiluminescence in a dose-dependent manner when triggered by this ROS species. More importantly, the light-emission intensities provided by this derivative were relevantly enhanced (intensities 2.13 × 101 to 1.11 × 104 times higher) in aqueous solutions at different pH conditions when compared to native Coelenterazine. The half-life of the chemiluminescent signal is also greatly increased for the derivative. Thus, a new chemiluminescence molecule with significant potential for superoxide anion sensing was discovered and reported for the first time

Significando a arte como recurso terapêutico no cotidiano de usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial / Art practice as a therapeutic resource in the daily activities of users of a Psychosocial Care Center

O estudo teve como objetivo compreender os sentidos atribuídos pelos usuários de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial às atividades artísticas desenvolvidas nas oficinas terapêuticas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de informações compreendeu a realização de entrevistas áudio gravadas guiadas por um roteiro semiestruturado e observação participante assistemática direta. Participaram do estudo sete depoentes selecionados por amostragem intencional, participantes das oficinas de “pintura e desenho”, “música” e “poesia”. A análise das informações empreendeu-se a partir da Análise de Conteúdo de Minayo. A pesquisa revelou que a arte propicia a exteriorização de sentimentos, sendo um importante meio para a livre expressão, para o desenvolvimento emocional e reorganização psíquica, além de aliviar os sentimentos de estresse, irritabilidade e ansiedade. A externalização social das produções artísticas auxilia no processo de reabilitação psicossocial e no resgate da identidade como cidadãos. A pesquisa oportunizou reflexões sobre os benefícios resultantes da arte como recurso terapêutico e sobre a necessidade de se rediscutir o modelo de cuidado na atenção psicossocial