2 nd Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease, 2015

Abstract Chagas disease is a neglected chronic condition with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. It has considerable psychological, social, and economic impacts. The disease represents a significant public health issue in Brazil, with different regional patterns. This document presents the evidence that resulted in the Brazilian Consensus on Chagas Disease. The objective was to review and standardize strategies for diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of Chagas disease in the country, based on the available scientific evidence. The consensus is based on the articulation and strategic contribution of renowned Brazilian experts with knowledge and experience on various aspects of the disease. It is the result of a close collaboration between the Brazilian Society of Tropical Medicine and the Ministry of Health. It is hoped that this document will strengthen the development of integrated actions against Chagas disease in the country, focusing on epidemiology, management, comprehensive care (including families and communities), communication, information, education, and research

Assessment Of The Polymerization Contraction Stress Of Composites Photoactivated By Halogen Light And Light-emitting Diode.

The aim of this study was to compare the polymerization contraction stress of composites photoactivated by two light sources: quartz tungsten halogen light (QTH) and light emitting diode (LED). Glass rods were fabricated (5.0 mm X 5.0 cm) and one of the surfaces was air abraded with aluminum oxide. An adhesive was applied to this surface and photoactivated by LED. The glass rods were assembled to a Universal Testing machine (Instron - 5565) and the composite were applied to the lower rod using a manual instrument. The upper rod was placed closer, at 2 mm, and an extensometer was attached to the rods. The twenty composites were polymerized by either by QTH (N.=10) or LED (N.=10). Polymerization was carried out using two apparatuses positioned in opposite sides, which were simultaneously activated for 30 seconds. Contraction stress was analyzed twice: shortly after polymerization (t30s) and 30 minutes later (t30min). The contraction stress for all composites was higher at t30min than at t30s, regardless of the activation source. Z100 showed lower contraction stress values (P<0.05) compared to the other composites. Regarding to Charisma and TPH, the photoactivation source had no influence on contraction stress, except for Z100 at t30min. It was concluded that composite composition is the factor that most influence the polymerization contraction stress.58577-8

In Vitro Analysis Of The Cement Film Thickness Of Two Endodontic Sealers In The Apical Region

Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate in vitro film thickness of two endodontic sealers containing epoxy-resin and zinc-oxide-eugenol, respectively in the apical region of the root canal system. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 palatine roots of the first maxillary molars were submitted to instrumentation up to a #40 file by the step-back technique and irrigated with 2 ml of NaOCl after each change of file. The roots were divided at random into two groups of 10 elements; one group was sealed with the Sealer 26® cement and the other one with the EndoFill cement using the classical technique. The roots were abraded in the apical region until exposure of the filling and cut crosswise at 3 mm to obtain samples. The samples were analyzed by optic microscopy with 40X magnification. The images obtained were recorded using the Adobe Premiere 5.1® software and submitted to morphometric analysis using an integration grid that permitted the quantification of the area filled with the sealer or gutta-percha, and eventual empty spaces. Results: Statistical analysis of the data (Kruskal-Wallis test, P ≤ 0.05) revealed no significant differences between the epoxy-resin-based cement Sealer 26® (47.85%) and the zinc- oxide- eugenol-based cement EndoFill® (54.16%). Conclusion: We conclude that the two sealers tested showed a similar behavior regarding the cement film thickness in the apical region.203e9e11Barbizan, J.V., Fariniuk, L.F., Marchesan, M.A., Pécora, J.D., Sousa-Neto, M.D., Effectivenes of manual and rotatory instrumentation techniques for cleaning flattened root canals (2002) J Endod, 28, pp. 365-366Marchesan, M.A., Arruda, M.P., Silva-Sousa, Y.T., Saquy, P.C., Pécora, J.D., Sousa-Neto, M.D., Morphometrical analysis of cleaning capacity using nickel-titanium rotatory instrumentation associates with irrigating solutions in mesio-distal flattened root canals (2003) J Appl Oral Sci, 11, pp. 55-59Goldman, M., Simmonds, S., Rush, R., The usefulness of dye-penetration studies reexamined (1989) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 67, pp. 327-332Deitch, A.K., Liewehr, F.R., West, L.A., Patton, W.R., A comparison of fill density obtained by supplementing cold lateral condensation with ultrasonic condensation (2002) J Endod, 28, pp. 665-667Nelson, E.A., Liewehr, F.R., West, L.A., Increased density of gutta-percha using a controlled heat instrument with lateral condensation (2000) J Endod, 26, pp. 748-750Cathro, P.R., Love, R.M., Comparison of MicroSeal and System B/Obtura II obturation techniques (2003) Int Endod J, 36, pp. 876-882De Deus, G.A., Martins, F., Lima, A.C., Gurgel-Filho, E.D., Maniglia, C.F., Coutinho- Filho, T., Analysis of the film thickness of a root canal sealer following three obturation techniques (2003) Braz Oral Res, 17, pp. 119-125De Deus, G.A., Gurgel-Filho, E.D., Maniglia-Ferreira, C., Coutinho-Filho, T., The influence of filling technique on depth of tubule penetration by root canal sealer: A study using light microscopy and digital image processing (2004) Aust Endod J, 30, pp. 23-28Gençolu, N., Comparison of 6 different gutta-percha techniques (part II): Thermafil, JS Quick-Fill, Soft Core, Microseal, System B, and lateral condensation (2003) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 96, pp. 91-95Wu, M.K., Wesselink, P.R., A primary observation on the preparation and obturation of oval canals (2001) Int Endod J, 34, pp. 137-141Georgopoulou, M.K., Wu, M.K., Nikolaou, A., Wesselink, P.R., Effect of thickness on the sealing ability of some root canal sealers (1995) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod, 80, pp. 338-344Wu, M.K., De Gee, A.J., Wesselink, P.R., Leakage of four root canal sealers at different thickness (1994) Int Endod J, 27, pp. 304-308Dalat, D.M., Onal, B., Apical leakage of a new glass ionomer root canal sealer (1998) J Endod, 24, pp. 161-163Antonopoulos, K.G., Attin, T., Hellqig, E., Evaluation of the apical seal of root canal fillings with different methods (1998) J Endod, 24, pp. 655-658Hasselgren, G., Tronstad, L., The use of transparent teeth in the teaching of preclinical endodontics (1975) J Endod, 1, pp. 278-280Sousa-Neto, M.D., Passarinho-Neto, J.G., Carvalho-Junior, J.R., Cruz-Filho, A.M., Pécora, J.D., Saquy, P.C., Evaluation of the effect of EDTA EGTA and CDTA on dentin adhesiviness end microleakage with different root canal sealers (2002) Braz Dent J, 13, pp. 123-128De Deus, G.A., Murad, C.F., Reis, C.M., Gurgel-Filho, E., Coutinho Filho, T., Analysis of the sealing ability of different obturation techniques in oval-shaped canals: A study using a bacterial leakage model (2006) Braz Oral Res, 20, pp. 64-69Baumgardner, K.R., Krell, K.V., Ultrasonic condensation of gutta-percha: An in vitro dye penetration and scanning electron microscopic study (1990) J Endod, 16, pp. 253-259De Deus, G.A., Coutinho-Filho, T., Reis, C., Murad, C., Paciornik, S., Polymicrobial leakage of four root canal sealers at two different thicknesses (2006) J Endod, 32, pp. 998-100