Symmetries and dynamics in constrained systems

We review in detail the Hamiltonian dynamics for constrained systems. Emphasis is put on the total Hamiltonian system rather than on the extended Hamiltonian system. We provide a systematic analysis of (global and local) symmetries in total Hamiltonian systems. In particular, in analogue to total Hamiltonians, we introduce the notion of total Noether charges. Grassmannian degrees of freedom are also addressed in details.Comment: 1+97 pages, No figure, Expanded version of a lecture note by J.-H. Park at Sogang University, Seoul during 2007-2008. Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal C as a review article; Reference adde

The effective action and quantum gauge transformations

The local symmetry transformations of the quantum effective action for general gauge theory are found. Additional symmetries arise under consideration of background gauges. Together with "trivial" gauge transformations, vanishing on mass shell, they can be used for construction simple gauge generators. For example, for the Yang-Mills theory the classically invariant effective action is obtained, reproducing DeWitt's result. For rank one theories a natural generalization is proposed.Comment: Revtex, 11 pages; added reference

A SUCCESSFUL COLLABORATION BETWEEN ADULT AND PEDIATRIC INTENSIVISTS: VENO-VENOUS EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE OXYGENATION FOR A PEDIATRIC PATIENT WITH LIFE-THREATENING TRACHEAL OBSTRUCTION

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First order parent formulation for generic gauge field theories

We show how a generic gauge field theory described by a BRST differential can systematically be reformulated as a first order parent system whose spacetime part is determined by the de Rham differential. In the spirit of Vasiliev's unfolded approach, this is done by extending the original space of fields so as to include their derivatives as new independent fields together with associated form fields. Through the inclusion of the antifield dependent part of the BRST differential, the parent formulation can be used both for on and off-shell formulations. For diffeomorphism invariant models, the parent formulation can be reformulated as an AKSZ-type sigma model. Several examples, such as the relativistic particle, parametrized theories, Yang-Mills theory, general relativity and the two dimensional sigma model are worked out in details.Comment: 36 pages, additional sections and minor correction

Differential impact of drugs on the outcome of ETV6-RUNX1 positive childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia : results of the EORTC CLG 58881 and 58951 trials

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Central neuroblastoma in a 14 year-old girl

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Dementia in Belgium: Prevalence in Aged Patients Consulting in General Practice

peer reviewedEarly detection of dementia is an important element for the efficacy of therapies currently proposed to slow down disease progression. This detection mainly relies on general practitioners. In order to estimate the impact of dementia on health services, we have estimated from the data of the NAtional Dementia Economic Study (NADES) the prevalence rate of dementia in patients aged > or = 65 years living at home and consulting in general practice. The study population was based on the sampling of consecutive patients consulting a general practitioner, irrespective of the reason and location of the consultation. The diagnosis of dementia was based on the CAMDEX performed at home in patients presenting > or = 3 warning signs of dementia. The prevalence rate of dementia among 2.234 registered patients living at home was 14.3% (CI95: 12.6-16.0). In age groups 65-74, 75-84 and > or = 85 years, it was 7.0%, 17.5% and 18.5%, respectively, in men, and 6.1%, 15.8% and 25.2%, respectively, in women. The percentage of demented with mild, mild to moderate, moderate and severe dementia was 35.0%, 38.8%, 13.1% and 13.1%, respectively. After adjusting for the age and sex distribution of the Belgian population, the prevalence rate in patients aged > or = 65 years was estimated at 11.3%. A diagnosis of dementia had already been made by a specialist in 41.5% of patients with dementia, with figures of 19.3%, 34.3%, 41.9% and 60.9% according to the severity of disease (mild, mild to moderate, moderate, severe). The onset of first symptoms had preceded the diagnosis by an average of 1 year. Our results show a high prevalence rate of dementia in the elderly living at home consulting in general practice, and less than half of the patients had previously been diagnosed. It is possible that a systematic detection will not be performed as long as specific treatments are not made widely available

Multidisciplinary management of the pediatric sickle cell patient in 2019

peer reviewedSickle cell disease is a common genetic disorder that affects haemoglobin. It is manifested by haemolytic anaemia and vaso-occlusive crisis. It can affect all organs and its evolution is unpredictable. The multidisciplinary management of pediatric patients who suffer from it is essential to adapt their treatment and optimize their evolution. One of the major challenges is to succeed the transition to adult medicine. New therapeutic perspectives are in development and look promising