Comment

Notes and Querie

Team Fieldwork

Papers. Missing pages 233-234

Northeast Folklore volume 1 numbers 1-4

The first ever issue of Northeast Folklore was published in the spring of 1958 under the editorship of Edward D. Ives (known as Sandy) and Bacil F. Kirtley through the Department of English at the University of Maine. The four editions that year were later bound into a single volume. Table of Contents Number 1 (Spring): Mishaps of a Maine Lobsterman Maine Winter Menus: A Study in Ingenuity “Young Jimmy Foulger:” A Hitherto Unrecorded Ballad in the Northeast John Ellis – Hunter, Guide, Legend Number 2 (Summer): Bibliography of New England-Maritimes Folklore Selected Bibliography of New England-Maritimes Folklore Collections and Studies Prior to 1950 Number 3 (Fall): Folklore from Aroostook County, Maine, and Neighboring Canada The Creation of Folk Songs Number 4 (Winter): Yankee Doodle: An Early Version Two Stories from the Maine Lumberwoods The First Miramichi Folksong Festival Folklore from Aroostook County, Maine, and Neighboring Canadahttps://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/nf/1001/thumbnail.jp

Northeast Folklore volume 1 numbers 1-4

The first ever issue of Northeast Folklore was published in the spring of 1958 under the editorship of Edward D. Ives (known as Sandy) and Bacil F. Kirtley through the Department of English at the University of Maine. The four editions that year were later bound into a single volume. Table of Contents Number 1 (Spring): Mishaps of a Maine Lobsterman Maine Winter Menus: A Study in Ingenuity “Young Jimmy Foulger:” A Hitherto Unrecorded Ballad in the Northeast John Ellis – Hunter, Guide, Legend Number 2 (Summer): Bibliography of New England-Maritimes Folklore Selected Bibliography of New England-Maritimes Folklore Collections and Studies Prior to 1950 Number 3 (Fall): Folklore from Aroostook County, Maine, and Neighboring Canada The Creation of Folk Songs Number 4 (Winter): Yankee Doodle: An Early Version Two Stories from the Maine Lumberwoods The First Miramichi Folksong Festival Folklore from Aroostook County, Maine, and Neighboring Canadahttps://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/nf/1001/thumbnail.jp

Resistance to a Rhabdovirus (VHSV) in Rainbow Trout: Identification of a Major QTL Related to Innate Mechanisms

Chantier qualité GAHealth control is a major issue in animal breeding and a better knowledge of the genetic bases of resistance to diseases is needed in farm animals including fish. The detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) will help uncovering the genetic architecture of important traits and understanding the mechanisms involved in resistance to pathogens. We report here the detection of QTL for resistance to Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV), a major threat for European aquaculture industry. Two induced mitogynogenetic doubled haploid F2 rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) families were used. These families combined the genome of susceptible and resistant F0 breeders and contained only fully homozygous individuals. For phenotyping, fish survival after an immersion challenge with the virus was recorded, as well as in vitro virus replication on fin explants. A bidirectional selective genotyping strategy identified seven QTL associated to survival. One of those QTL was significant at the genome-wide level and largely explained both survival and viral replication in fin explants in the different families of the design (up to 65% and 49% of phenotypic variance explained respectively). These results evidence the key role of innate defence in resistance to the virus and pave the way for the identification of the gene(s) responsible for resistance. The identification of a major QTL also opens appealing perspectives for selective breeding of fish with improved resistance

Genetic Resistance to Rhabdovirus Infection in Teleost Fish Is Paralleled to the Derived Cell Resistance Status

Genetic factors of resistance and predisposition to viral diseases explain a significant part of the clinical variability observed within host populations. Predisposition to viral diseases has been associated to MHC haplotypes and T cell immunity, but a growing repertoire of innate/intrinsic factors are implicated in the genetic determinism of the host susceptibility to viruses. In a long-term study of the genetics of host resistance to fish rhabdoviruses, we produced a collection of double-haploid rainbow trout clones showing a wide range of susceptibility to Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV) waterborne infection. The susceptibility of fibroblastic cell lines derived from these clonal fish was fully consistent with the susceptibility of the parental fish clones. The mechanisms determining the host resistance therefore did not associate with specific host immunity, but rather with innate or intrinsic factors. One cell line was resistant to rhabdovirus infection due to the combination of an early interferon IFN induction - that was not observed in the susceptible cells - and of yet unknown factors that hamper the first steps of the viral cycle. The implication of IFN was well consistent with the wide range of resistance of this genetic background to VSHV and IHNV, to the birnavirus IPNV and the orthomyxovirus ISAV. Another cell line was even more refractory to the VHSV infection through different antiviral mechanisms. This collection of clonal fish and isogenic cell lines provides an interesting model to analyze the relative contribution of antiviral pathways to the resistance to different viruses