18,319 research outputs found
A critical study of the role of the surface oxide layer in titanium bonding
Scanning electron microscope/X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (SEM/XPS) analysis of fractured adhesively bonded Ti 6-4 samples is discussed. The text adhesives incuded NR 056X polyimide, polypheylquinoxaline (PPQ), and LARC-13 polyimide. Differentiation between cohesive and interfacial failure was based on the absence of presence of a Ti 2p XPS photopeak. In addition, the surface oxide layer on Ti-(6A1-4V) adherends is characterized and bond strength and durability are addressed. Bond durability in various environmental conditions is discussed
A critical study of the role of the surface oxide layer in titanium bonding
The molecular understanding of the role which the surface oxide layer of the adherend plays in titanium bonding is studied. The effects of Ti6-4 adherends pretreatment, bonding conditions, and thermal aging of the lap shear specimens were studied. The use of the SEM/EDAX and ESCA techniques to study surface morphology and surface composition was emphasized. In addition, contact angles and both infrared and visible reflection spectroscopy were used in ancillary studies
Rapidity and energy dependence of average transverse momentum and particle density in saturation models
Saturation models -- colour glass condensate and string percolation -- impose
a strict relation between the average transverse momentum, , and the
rapidity particle densities, dn/dy. By combining this relation with an
appropriate evolution equation for dn/dy, and imposing energy-momentum
conservation, we obtain a fair description of data, for generic AB collisions
(hadron-hadron, hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus) at all rapidities and
(high) energies. Predictions are given for the LHC.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, 2 table
False vacuum decay: effective one-loop action for pair creation of domain walls
An effective one-loop action built from the soliton field itself for the
two-dimensional (2D) problem of soliton pair creation is proposed. The action
consists of the usual mass term and a kinetic term in which the simple
derivative of the soliton field is replaced by a covariant derivative. In this
effective action the soliton charge is treated no longer as a topological
charge but as a Noether charge. Using this effective one-loop action, the
soliton-antisoliton pair production rate is calculated and one recovers Stone's
exponential factor and the prefactor of Kiselev, Selivanov and Voloshin. The
results are also valid straightforwardly to the problem of pair creation rate
of domain walls in dimensions greater than 2.Comment: 12 pages, Late
Higher Harmonics in Non-Linear Vacuum from QED Effects Without Low Mass Intermediate Particles
We show that in the presence of a slowly rotating strong transverse magnetic
field there is an infinite spectrum of harmonic wave functions due to the
first order QED correction (in ) given by the Euler-Heisenberg
Lagrangian. The frequency shifts are integer multiples of the
magnetic field angular frequency rotation and the several
modes are coupled to the nearest harmonics . This is a new effect
due to QED vacuum fluctuations, not exploit before, that can explain, both
qualitatively and quantatively, the recent experimental results of the PVLAS
collaboration without the need of a low mass intermediate particle, hence
dismiss the recent claim of the discovery of the axion. [Erratum: The PVLAS
signal cannot be explained by this mechanism.]Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure; includes Erratum: The PVLAS signal cannot be
explained by this mechanis
Arbitrary bi-dimensional finite strain crack propagation
In the past two decades numerous numerical procedures for crack propagation have been developed. Lately,
enrichment methods (either local, such as SDA or global, such as XFEM) have been applied with success to simple
problems, typically involving some intersections. For arbitrary finite strain propagation, numerous difficulties are
encountered: modeling of intersection and coalescence, step size dependence and the presence of distorted finite
elements. In order to overcome these difficulties, an approach fully capable of dealing with multiple advancing
cracks and self-contact is presented (see Fig.1). This approach makes use of a coupled Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian
method (ALE) and local tip remeshing. This is substantially less costly than a full remeshing while retaining its full
versatility. Compared to full remeshing, angle measures and crack paths are superior. A consistent continuationbased
linear control is used to force the critical tip to be exactly critical, while moving around the candidate set.
The critical crack front is identified and propagated when one of the following criteria reaches a material limiting
value: (i) the stress intensity factor; or (ii) the element-ahead tip stress. These are the control equations.
The ability to solve crack intersection and coalescence problems is shown. Additionally, the independence from
crack tip and step size and the absence of blade and dagger-shaped finite elements is observed. Classic benchmarks
are computed leading to excellent crack path and load-deflection results, where convergence rate is quadratic
Half Quantization
A general dynamical system composed by two coupled sectors is considered. The
initial time configuration of one of these sectors is described by a set of
classical data while the other is described by standard quantum data. These
dynamical systems will be named half quantum. The aim of this paper is to
derive the dynamical evolution of a general half quantum system from its full
quantum formulation. The standard approach would be to use quantum mechanics to
make predictions for the time evolution of the half quantum initial data. The
main problem is how can quantum mechanics be applied to a dynamical system
whose initial time configuration is not described by a set of fully quantum
data. A solution to this problem is presented and used, as a guideline to
obtain a general formulation of coupled classical-quantum dynamics. Finally, a
quantization prescription mapping a given classical theory to the correspondent
half quantum one is presented.Comment: 20 pages, LaTex file, Substantially revised versio
Forward-Backward rapidity correlations at all rapidities
We discuss forward-bacward rapidity correlations in the general situation of
asymmetrical collisions, asymmetric rapidity windows, higher rapidities and
higher energy. We give predictions for RHIC and LHC.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
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