Comparative analysis of morphological and morphometrical characters in six isolates of Pratylenchus vulnus Allen & Jensen, 1951 (Nemata : Tylenchida)

Six populations de #Pratylenchus vulnus$ Allen & Jensen, 1951 provenant d'Europe et d'Amérique ont été analysées du point de vue morphologique et morphométrique. Certaines différences ont été observées pour quelques caractères morphologiques (structure du sac post-vulvaire, forme de la spermathèque, largeur des champs latéraux). Par contre, des différences significatives concernant tous les caractères morphométriques (excepté le rapport "m") ont été constatées entre les populations. Une analyse de corrélation canonique montre que les relations entre populations pourraient être fonction de leur origine géographique et/ou de leur plante hôte. (Résumé d'auteur

Straw production, carbon and ash content variations after ten cycles of recurrent selection in bread wheat grown under tilled and non-tilled soils

The objective of this work was to determine the change for straw production, carbon and ash content in vegetative tissues through ten cycles of recurrent selection in bread wheat, evaluated under tilled (CT) and non-tilled (NT) soils. Twenty-four wheat genotypes, four for each one of the 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 cycles of recurrent selection (RS), were used in this study. Experiments were established during two successive seasons. Ash content was expressed on dry mass basis. To estimate the carbon content, we based our calculation on the assumption that organic matter is 50% carbon. Straw dry weight was measured. For each trait, a linear mixed model (regression) was fitted to the experimental data. In response to the number of selection cycles, the ash content percentage increased under CT and decreased under NT. Carbon content decreases under CT, but increases under NT. The sequestered straw carbon and the straw production significantly decrease under CT meanwhile there was no change under NT. The observed increase for straw ash content would be related to the highest rate of transpiration in the more advanced recurrent selection cycles. Consistent with these results, the percentage of straw carbon content decreased because of the mobilization of reserves from the stems and leaves to the grains

The Cancer Genome Atlas Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Renal Cell Carcinoma

Renal cell carcinoma(RCC) is not a single disease, but several histologically defined cancers with different genetic drivers, clinical courses, and therapeutic responses. The current study evaluated 843 RCC from the three major histologic subtypes, including 488 clear cell RCC, 274 papillary RCC, and 81 chromophobe RCC. Comprehensive genomic and phenotypic analysis of the RCC subtypes reveals distinctive features of each subtype that provide the foundation for the development of subtype-specific therapeutic and management strategies for patients affected with these cancers. Somatic alteration of BAP1, PBRM1, and PTEN and altered metabolic pathways correlated with subtype-specific decreased survival, while CDKN2A alteration, increased DNA hypermethylation, and increases in the immune-related Th2 gene expression signature correlated with decreased survival within all major histologic subtypes. CIMP-RCC demonstrated an increased immune signature, and a uniform and distinct metabolic expression pattern identified a subset of metabolically divergent (MD) ChRCC that associated with extremely poor survival

Genotype × tillage interaction in a recurrent selection program in wheat

The objective of this study was to test if the response to 10 cycles of a recurrent selection program conducted under conventional tillage and rain fed conditions was the same when contrasted, for several traits, under conventional and non-tillage practices. During two season (2011 and 2012) the 44 S-derived families (four/C0 to C10 populations) were evaluated under conventional and non-tillage systems in two fields next to each other. Days to anthesis, plant height, grain, and biomass yield and 1000-grain weight were determined. The grain number per m2 and harvest index was also estimated. From a random sample of 10 tillers the spikelet per spike and grains per spike were measured. For each trait, a linear mixed model (regression) was fitted to the experimental data. The slopes, under conventional tillage, were significant greater than zero for grain yield, harvest index, seeds per square meter, spikelet per spike and seeds per spike. Under non-tillage the list of traits showing slopes significantly greater than zero was shorter. For most traits there was a significant difference in the intercept terms between conventional tillage and non-tillage, which is interpreted as the tillage-practice effect. The concurrent evaluation in conventional and non-tillage soil managements of ten cycles of a recurrent selection program performed under conventional tillage confirmed the occurrence of a significant genetic progress only under conventional tillage