Effects of antioxidants on mitomycin C- induced sister chromatid exchanges and micronuclei

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the effects of antioxidants on mitomycin C (MMC) induced sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and micronuclei (MN). Material and Methods: The action of vitamins C (10-4 M), E (10-6 M) and β-carotene (10-6 M) on the genotoxic activity of mitomycin C (10-7 M) was evaluated in cultured human lymphocytes of five donors with the help of SCE and MN frequencies. Results: It was found that SCE and MN levels were significantly increased by MMC. The presence of vitamins C, E and β-carotene caused a significant reduction in the numbers of SCE and MN induced by MMC when used separately, but no antioxidant effect of β-carotene was observed in MMC-induced MN frequency. On the other hand, in triple combinations of vitamins C, E and β-carotene and MMC. MMC-induced SCE and MN frequencies were reduced significantly (22.02% - 24.04% for SCEs and 31.91% - 57.55% for MN). Conclusion: These results indicated that the combinations of vitamins C, E and β-carotene can modify the DNA damaging effect of the carcinogens and act as biological antioxidants under in vitro conditions

MIXED GONADAL DYSGENESIS WITH 45,X/46,X,IDIC(Y)/46,XY,IDIC(Y) KARYOTYPE

Mixed gonadal dysgenesis with 45,X/46,X,idic(Y)/46,XY,idic(Y) karyotype: To present the new karyotype with mixed gonadal dysgenesis, the aetiologic approach and difficulties in genetic counseling in mosaic sex chromosome disorders. We report a fourteen-year-old boy presented with slightly ambigious genitalia. Cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization investigations were carried out on his peripheral lymphocytes. As a result, three cell lines, 45,X, 46,X,idic(Y)(q11.2) and 46, XY were observed. A markedly higher percentage of Y-containing cells was observed in the blood (68%), which was not considered to be the major reason why the case did not have distinct ambiguous genitalia. We suggest that study of cytogenetic and molecular mosaicism involving sex chromosomes may help to further unravel the mysterious process in mixed gonadal dysgeneic patients

Common surgical procedures in pilonidal sinus disease: A meta-analysis, merged data analysis, and comprehensive study on recurrence

Abstract We systematically searched available databases. We reviewed 6,143 studies published from 1833 to 2017. Reports in English, French, German, Italian, and Spanish were considered, as were publications in other languages if definitive treatment and recurrence at specific follow-up times were described in an English abstract. We assessed data in the manner of a meta-analysis of RCTs; further we assessed non-RCTs in the manner of a merged data analysis. In the RCT analysis including 11,730 patients, Limberg & Dufourmentel operations were associated with low recurrence of 0.6% (95%CI 0.3–0.9%) 12 months and 1.8% (95%CI 1.1–2.4%) respectively 24 months postoperatively. Analysing 89,583 patients from RCTs and non-RCTs, the Karydakis & Bascom approaches were associated with recurrence of only 0.2% (95%CI 0.1–0.3%) 12 months and 0.6% (95%CI 0.5–0.8%) 24 months postoperatively. Primary midline closure exhibited long-term recurrence up to 67.9% (95%CI 53.3–82.4%) 240 months post-surgery. For most procedures, only a few RCTs without long term follow up data exist, but substitute data from numerous non-RCTs are available. Recurrence in PSD is highly dependent on surgical procedure and by follow-up time; both must be considered when drawing conclusions regarding the efficacy of a procedure