Waveform Design for 5G and Beyond

5G is envisioned to improve major key performance indicators (KPIs), such as peak data rate, spectral efficiency, power consumption, complexity, connection density, latency, and mobility. This chapter aims to provide a complete picture of the ongoing 5G waveform discussions and overviews the major candidates. It provides a brief description of the waveform and reveals the 5G use cases and waveform design requirements. The chapter presents the main features of cyclic prefix-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (CP-OFDM) that is deployed in 4G LTE systems. CP-OFDM is the baseline of the 5G waveform discussions since the performance of a new waveform is usually compared with it. The chapter examines the essential characteristics of the major waveform candidates along with the related advantages and disadvantages. It summarizes and compares the key features of different waveforms.Comment: 22 pages, 21 figures, 2 tables; accepted version (The URL for the final version: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119333142.ch2

Relaxation of the Dynamical Gluino Phase and Unambiguous Electric Dipole Moments

We propose a new axionic solution of the strong CP problem with a Peccei-Quinn mechanism using the gluino rather than quarks. The spontaneous breaking of this new global U(1) at 10^{11} GeV also generates the supersymmetry breaking scale of 1 TeV (solving the so-called \mu problem at the same time) and results in the MSSM (Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model) with R parity conservation. In this framework, electric dipole moments become calculable without ambiguity.Comment: Typos corrected and a footnote added, 10 p

The effect of supersymmetric CP phases on Chargino-Pair Production via Drell-Yan Process at the LHC

We compute the rates for pp annihilation into chargino-pairs via Drell-Yan process taking into account the effects of supersymmetric soft phases, at proton-proton collider. In particular, the phase of the mu parameter gains direct accessibility via the production of dissimilar charginos. The phases of the trilinear soft masses do not have a significant effect on the cross sections.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figure

CP violation in charged Higgs boson decays in the MSSM with complex parameters

Supersymmetric loop contributions can lead to different decay rates of H+\to t\bar b and H-\to b\bar t. We calculate the decay rate asymmetry \delta^CP = \frac{\Gamma(H+\to t\bar b)-\Gamma(H-\to b\bar t)}{{\Gamma(H+\to t\bar b)+\Gamma(H-\to b\bar t)} at next-to-leading order in the MSSM with complex parameters. We analyse the parameter dependence of \delta^CP with emphasis on the phases of A_t and A_b. It turns out that the most important contribution comes from the loop with stop, sbottom, and gluino. If this contribution is present, \delta^CP can go up to 10-15% for tan(beta)~10, and to ~5% for large values of tan(beta).Comment: Eqs. (9) and (25) corrected and numerical analysis modified accordingl

Probing scalar-pseudoscalar mixing in the CP violating MSSM at high-energy e+e−e^+e^- colliders

We study the production processes $e^+e^-\to H^0_iZ$, $H^0_iH^0_j$ and $H^0_i\nu_e\overline \nu_e$ in the context of the CP violating MSSM. In a given channel we show that the cross-section for all i (=1,2,3) can be above 0.1 fb provided M_{H_{2,3}}\la 300 GeV. This should be detectable at a Next Linear Collider and would provide evidence for scalar-pseudoscalar mixing.Comment: 17 pages, RevTex, 4 ps figures, figure 4 changed, minor modifications to text, version to appear in PR

Mixing of the CP Even and the CP Odd Higgs Bosons and the EDM Constraints

The mixing among the CP even and the CP odd neutral Higgs bosons of MSSM by one loop induced effects in the presence of CP phases is investigated using three different mechanisms to satisfy the EDM constraints, i.e., a fine tuning of phases, a heavy sparticle spectrum, and the cancellation mechanism. It is shown that if a mixing effect among the CP even and the CP odd Higgs bosons is observed experimentally, then it is only the cancellation mechanism that can survive under the naturalness constraint.Comment: 14 pages, Latex and 4figures. A new paragraph is added and few more references. One figure is modified. To appear in Phys. Rev.

CP-odd A^0 production at e^+e^- colliders in MSSM with CP violating phases

We study the production of a heavy CP-odd $A^0$ boson in association with a photon $e^+e^-\to A^0\gamma$ and a Z boson $e^+e^-\to A^0 Z$ as well as the single production of $A^0$ via $e^+e^- \to \nu_e\bar{\nu}_e A^0$ in the MSSM with CP violating phases. In the case of $e^+e^-\to A^0\gamma / A^0 Z$, we show that the squark contribution, which vanishes in the MSSM with real parameters, turns out to be sizeable in presence of CP violating phases in the soft SUSY parameters. For $e^+e^- \to \nu_e \bar{\nu}_e A^0$ in both the 2HDM and MSSM with real parameters, the cross section does not reach observable rates at a NLC. It is found that with a large CP violating phase for $A_t$, cross sections of the order 0.1 fb are attainable for all the processes $e^+e^-\to A^0\gamma$, $e^+e^-\to A^0 Z$ and $e^+e^- \to \nu_e \bar{\nu}_e A^0$.Comment: 12 pages, latex, 7 eps figures. One new figure, new discussion arroud it. Version to appear in Phys. Rev.

MSSM Higgs-Boson Production at Hadron Colliders with Explicit CP Violation

Gluon fusion is the main production mechanism for Higgs bosons with masses up to several hundred GeV in $pp$ collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. We investigate the effects of the CP-violating phases on the fusion process including both the sfermion-loop contributions and the one-loop induced CP-violating scalar-pseudoscalar mixing in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. With a universal trilinear parameter assumed, every physical observable involves only the sum of the phases of the universal trilinear parameter $A$ and the higgsino mass parameter $\mu$. The phase affects the lightest Higgs-boson production rate significantly through the neutral Higgs-boson mixing and, for the masses around the lightest stop-pair threshold, it also changes the production rate of the heavy Higgs bosons significantly through both the stop and sbottom loops and the neutral Higgs-boson mixing.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures. Some references and comments added. Typos corrected. To appear in Phys. Rev.

Dynamical relaxation of the CP phases in next-to-minimal supersymmetry

After promoting the phases of the soft masses to dynamical fields corresponding to Goldstone bosons of spontaneously broken global symmetries in the supersymmetry breaking sector, the next-to-minimal supersymmetric model is found to solve the $\mu$ problem and the strong CP problem simultaneously with an invisible axion. The domain wall problem persists in the form of axionic domain formation. Relaxation dynamics of the physical CP-violating phases is determined only by the short-distance physics and their relaxation values are not necessarily close to the CP-conserving points. Having observable supersymmetric CP violation and avoiding the axionic domain walls both require nonminimal flavor structures.Comment: 13 pp, 3 figs, published versio