Etude du comportement sous impact d'une strcuture pare-blocs en béton armé

Thèse effectuée en collaboration avec le bureau d'études Tonello IC d'Aix Les Bains (bourse CIFRE)This thesis studies the behaviour of a new concept for a protection gallery under rock fall, called Structurally Dissipating Rock-shed (SDR). The main innovation, compared to conventional solutions, is to dissipate the impact energy directly into the reinforced concrete slab or into fuse supports, and no longer in a cushion layer. The dynamic phenomena, taking place during the impact of a block onto the slab, are analyzed by means of experiments on a 1/3 scale SDR structure. The percussion loads applied to the slab, during the contact phase with the block, are assessed as well as the various energy transfers and dissipations. The results allowed to validate the operating and repair principles of the SDR and revealed that the slab is damaged by three main mechanisms: the punching, the bending and the breaking down at surface level of the impacted zone. The principal experimental values are found by numerical simulations of the tests with a finite elements tool. A simplified mechanical model "masses-springs-damping" is also developed with the aim of implementing design methods for engineering offices. The prospects for this work are to succeed in establishing design and construction recommendations for structurally dissipating rock-sheds.Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude du comportement d'un nouveau système de galerie de protection contre les chutes de blocs appelé Pare-blocs Structurellement Dissipant (PSD). L'innovation majeure, par rapport aux solutions classiques, est de dissiper l'énergie d'impact directement dans la dalle en béton armé ou dans des appuis fusibles, et non plus dans une couche de matériau amortissant. Les phénomènes dynamiques ayant lieu lors de l'impact d'un bloc sur la dalle sont analysés au moyen d'expérimentations sur une structure PSD à l'échelle 1/3. Les efforts de percussion appliqués à la dalle, durant la phase de contact avec le bloc, sont estimés ainsi que les différents transferts et dissipations d'énergie. Les résultats ont permis de valider le principe de fonctionnement et de réparation des PSD et font apparaître que la dalle est endommagée par trois mécanismes majeurs : le poinçonnement, la mise en flexion et la déstructuration de surface de la zone impactée. Les principales grandeurs expérimentales sont retrouvées à l'aide de simulations numériques des essais avec un code éléments finis. Un modèle mécanique simplifié « masses-ressorts-amortisseur » est également développé dans le but de concevoir des méthodes de dimensionnement applicables en bureau d'études. Les perspectives de ce travail sont d'aboutir à l'établissement de recommandations sur la conception et la réalisation des pare-blocs structurellement dissipants

Etude du comportement sous impact d'une structure pare-blocs en béton armé

Cette thèse a pour objet l'étude du comportement d'un nouveau système de galerie de protection contre les chutes de blocs appelé Pare-blocs Structurellement Dissipant (PSD). L'innovation majeure, par rapport aux solutions classiques, est de dissiper l'énergie d'impact directement dans la dalle en béton armé ou dans des appuis fusibles, et non plus dans une couche de matériau amortissant. Les phénomènes dynamiques ayant lieu lors de l'impact d'un bloc sur la dalle sont analysés au moyen d'expérimentations sur une structure PSD à l'échelle î 1/3. Les efforts de percussion appliqués à la dalle, durant la phase de contact avec le bloc, sont estimés ainsi que les différents transferts et dissipations d'énergie. Les résultats ont permis de valider le principe de fonctionnement et de réparation des PSD et font apparaître que la dalle est endommagée par trois mécanismes majeurs: le poinçonnement, la mise en flexion et la déstructuration de surface de la zone impactée. Les principales grandeurs expérimentales sont retrouvées à l'aide de simulations numériques des essais avec un code éléments finis. Un modèle mécanique simplifié "masses ressorts amortisseur" est également développé dans le but de concevoir des méthodes de dimensionnement applicables en bureau d'études. Les perspectives de ce travail sont d'aboutir à l'établissement de recommandations sur la conception et la réalisation des pare-blocs structurellement dissipantThis thesis studies the behaviour of a new concept for a protection gallery under rock fall, called Structurally Dissipating Rock-shed (SDR). The main innovation, compared to conventional solutions, is to dissipate the impact energy directly into the reinforced concrete slab or into fuse supports, and no longer in a cushion layer. The dynamic phenomena, taking place during the impact of a block onto the slab, are analyzed by means of experiments on a 1/3 scale SDR structure. The percussion loads applied to the slab, during the contact phase with the block, are assessed as weIl as the various energy transfers and dissipations. The results allowed to validate the operating and repair principles of the SDR and revealed that the slab is damaged by three main mechanisms: the punching, the bending and the breaking clown at surface level of the impacted zone. The principal experimental values are found by numerical simulations of the tests with a finite elements tool. A simplified mechanical model "masses-springs-damping" is also developed with the aim of implementing design methods for engineering offices. The prospects for this work are to succeed in establishing design and construction recommendations for structurally dissipating rock-shedsCHAMBERY -BU Bourget (730512101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Pullout simulation of post installed chemically bonded anchors in UHPFRC

An experimental and numerical study was completed in order to examine the mechanical behaviour of post-installed bonded anchors in ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete with a compressive strength higher than 130 MPa. The aim was to analyse the failure mechanisms in static pullout tests and to suggest a simple numerical model, which can be employed in a design stage, to reproduce the global behaviour of the anchor. The experimental observations show that a combined pullout and concrete cone failure occurred for an embedment depth of 40 mm and a steel rod failure for an embedment depth of 100 mm. The numerical model was set up using Abaqus software, by adopting the concrete damage plastic model and a surface-based cohesive behaviour for the interface concrete-anchor. The obtained failure modes and ultimate loads are in good agreement with experimental results. A minimum embedment depth of 50 mm was assessed to prevent a pullout failure of the anchor

Pullout simulation of post installed chemically bonded anchors in UHPFRC

An experimental and numerical study was completed in order to examine the mechanical behaviour of post-installed bonded anchors in ultra-high performance fibre reinforced concrete with a compressive strength higher than 130 MPa. The aim was to analyse the failure mechanisms in static pullout tests and to suggest a simple numerical model, which can be employed in a design stage, to reproduce the global behaviour of the anchor. The experimental observations show that a combined pullout and concrete cone failure occurred for an embedment depth of 40 mm and a steel rod failure for an embedment depth of 100 mm. The numerical model was set up using Abaqus software, by adopting the concrete damage plastic model and a surface-based cohesive behaviour for the interface concrete-anchor. The obtained failure modes and ultimate loads are in good agreement with experimental results. A minimum embedment depth of 50 mm was assessed to prevent a pullout failure of the anchor

Impact of a microwave treatment of hemp fibers on the hemp / cement interaction.

International audienc

Pullout behavior of post installed bonded anchors in UHPFRC

International audienc

Numerical Study of The Behavior of Shear Walls Subjected to Loads Earthquakes

International audienc

Effects of high temperatures on mortar specimens containing Portland cement and GGBFS

International audienc

Tensile behaviour of cast-in-place headed anchors with different embedment depths

International audienceThe equipment of French nuclear power plants is fixed on reinforced concrete structures with base plate with headed fasteners. Electricity of France decided to carry out an experimental research program in partnership with Laboratory of Civil and Environmental Engineering in order to optimise the design of the headed fasteners and identify safety margins. This article introduces the results of static tension tests on an anchorage composed of an anchor plate welded to four headed rods. The anchors are cast in place in a reinforced concrete block. The experimental campaign is carried out on anchors and anchor groups with reduced embedment depths. Tests on single headed rods are also carried out in order to analyse the group effects. The sliding of the anchor groups, the strain of the head rods, the strain of the stirrups and the surface concrete block displacements are measured. The collapse of the anchorages is caused by a failure of the steel rods or a concrete breakout failure for a loading ranging between 600 and 300 kN. The experimental ultimate strength is compared with ultimate load obtained from the technical specifications of Eurocode. This experimental campaign will provide a data base enabling the development of numerical models in order to improve the design

Influence du couple de serrage sur le comportement à l’arrachement d’ancrages post-installés à expansion

International audienc