L'IMPRESA FARMACIA: DINAMICHE GESTIONALI IN TEMPO DI CRISI. IL CASO "FARMACIE SAS"

L’obbiettivo di questo lavoro è innanzitutto quello di analizzare la particolare configurazione dell’impresa farmacia, con riferimento al bene farmaco e alla sua distribuzione, al ruolo della farmacia nell’ambito del Servizio Sanitario Nazionale, alla gestione e titolarità della farmacia pubblica e privata e ai suoi aspetti economico-finanziari con specifico riguardo alla remunerazione del farmacista, al ciclo economico e monetario e al bilancio della farmacia. Dopo di che verrà posta l’attenzione sulla crisi del settore farmaceutico in Italia, analizzando i vari aspetti normativi e economici che hanno portato a tale situazione, nonché alle relative conseguenze sull’impresa farmacia e ai possibili rimedi nell’ambito delle procedure concorsuali. La terza parte del lavoro sarà focalizzata sulla determinazione del valore economico della farmacia, sul concordato preventivo e sul fallimento della stessa, con particolare attenzione a come si pongono entrambe le procedure rispetto al risanamento dell’impresa in crisi e alla conservazione dei valori aziendali. Verrà analizzata la continuità aziendale all’interno del concordato preventivo, l’esercizio provvisorio e la cessione d’azienda all’interno della procedura di fallimento, il caso particolare dell’affitto dell’azienda farmacia. Infine nel quarto capitolo verrà proposto il caso specifico di una società che gestisce 5 farmacie, la quale trovandosi in forte crisi economico-finanziaria, ha fatto ricorso alla procedura di concordato preventivo, ma successivamente è stata dichiarata fallita con la disposizione dell’esercizio provvisorio

The PDE4 Inhibitor Tanimilast Restrains the Tissue-Damaging Properties of Human Neutrophils

: Neutrophils, the most abundant subset of leukocytes in the blood, play a pivotal role in host response against invading pathogens. However, in respiratory diseases, excessive infiltration and activation of neutrophils can lead to tissue damage. Tanimilast-international non-proprietary name of CHF6001-is a novel inhaled phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor in advanced clinical development for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a chronic inflammatory lung disease where neutrophilic inflammation plays a key pathological role. Human neutrophils from healthy donors were exposed to pro-inflammatory stimuli in the presence or absence of tanimilast and budesonide-a typical inhaled corticosteroid drug-to investigate the modulation of effector functions including adherence to endothelial cells, granule protein exocytosis, release of extracellular DNA traps, cytokine secretion, and cell survival. Tanimilast significantly decreased neutrophil-endothelium adhesion, degranulation, extracellular DNA traps casting, and cytokine secretion. In contrast, it promoted neutrophil survival by decreasing both spontaneous apoptosis and cell death in the presence of pro-survival factors. The present work suggests that tanimilast can alleviate the severe tissue damage caused by massive recruitment and activation of neutrophils in inflammatory diseases such as COPD

Valutazione del ruolo delle IgM, IgG, IgA sieriche e delle IgA dello sputo nella diagnosi di polmonite comunitaria da Chlamydia pneumoniae: studio italiano policentrico

To evaluate the incidence of Chlamydia pneumoniae as etiologic agent of community acquired pneumonia (CAP), specific IgM and IgG antibodies anti-C. pneumoniae in serum and IgA in both serum and sputum were detected by a new ELISA-like test (EIA CP-IgG, IgA, IgM – Eurospital, Italy).The study was carried out from January 1999 to July 2001 in sixteen Italian Hospitals on a total of 141 patients with clinical signs of CAP. At a primary inspection (time T-0) serum and sputum samples were taken from 115/141 patients, whereas serum was collected from only 100/141 patients after 30 days (time T-30). At T-0 24/115 (20.8%) patients showed serological markers suggesting primary C. pneumoniae infection. In 23/24 patients the overall serological pattern found at T-0 was confirmed at T-30. In 32/115 patients (27.8%) serological markers of C. pneumoniae suggesting secondary infection were found positive and were confirmed 30 days later. Our data support the possible role played by C. pneumoniae as an important etiologic agent of CAP throughout different geographic areas of Italy.The test was suitable for the laboratory diagnosis of Chlamydia pneumoniae infection. In particular, the presence of specific IgA anti-Chlamydia pneumoniae in both serum and sputum revealed to be useful to define different stages and evolution of infection