Developmental expression of esophageal gland antigens and their detection in stylet secretions of Meloidogyne incognita

La microscopie en immunofluorescence a été utilisée avec des anticorps monoclonaux pour montrer que la production d'antigènes dans les glandes oesophagiennes de #Meloidogyne incognita est régulée par le développement durant la phase parasite et que quelques-uns de ces antigènes peuvent être excrétés au travers du stylet. Plusieurs antigènes des glandes oesophagiennes sont temporairement exprimés dans les glandes subventrales et dorsale des juvéniles préparasites de deuxième stade (J2), des juvéniles parasites (J2) et des femelles adultes. Deux anticorps monoclonaux reconnaissant les glandes subventrales de J2 et un anticorps monoclonal reconnaissant la glande dorsale et les glandes subventrales de J2, reconnaissent également les sécrétions passant au travers du stylet des J2. Deux anticorps monoclonaux reconnaissant la glande dorsale des femelles adultes, et un anticorps monoclonal reconnaissant leurs glandes subventrales, reconnaissent aussi les sécrétions passant au travers du stylet des femelles adultes. Ces résultats montrent que les sécrétions des glandes dorsale et subventrales peuvent passer au travers du stylet de #M. incognita et que leur expression est régulée par le développement. (Résumé d'auteur

Loading a vapor cell magneto-optic trap using light-induced atom desorption

Low intensity white light was used to increase the loading rate of $^{87}$Rb atoms into a vapor cell magneto-optic trap by inducing non-thermal desorption of Rb atoms from the stainless steel walls of the vapor cell. An increased Rb partial pressure reached a new equilibrium value in less than 10 seconds after switching on the broadband light source. After the source was turned off, the partial pressure returned to its previous value in $1/e$ times as short as 10 seconds.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure

Long-Wavelength Instability in Surface-Tension-Driven Benard Convection

Laboratory studies reveal a deformational instability that leads to a drained region (dry spot) in an initially flat liquid layer (with a free upper surface) heated uniformly from below. This long-wavelength instability supplants hexagonal convection cells as the primary instability in viscous liquid layers that are sufficiently thin or are in microgravity. The instability occurs at a temperature gradient 34% smaller than predicted by linear stability theory. Numerical simulations show a drained region qualitatively similar to that seen in the experiment.Comment: 4 pages. The RevTeX file has a macro allowing various styles. The appropriate style is "mypprint" which is the defaul

Classification of first branchial cleft anomalies: is it clinically relevant?

Background: There are three classification systems for first branchial cleft anomalies currently in use. The Arnot, Work and Olsen classifications describe these lesions on the basis of morphology, tissue of origin and clinical appearance. However, the clinical relevance of these classifications is debated, as they may not be readily applicable in all cases and may provide no additional information on how the lesion should be managed.Objective: We seek to investigate this issue by applying these classification systems to cases from our centre and evaluating the information gained.Patients and methods: A retrospective case note review of all first branchial cleft anomalies excised at our institution between 2004 and 2014 was carried out, recording patient demographics, information on the anomalies and how they were investigated and managed.Results: This search identified eight unilateral cases and one bilateral case of first branchial cleft anomalies. These were a heterogenous group of lesions, which were variably investigated and managed. Categorization of these cases into Arnot, Work and Olsen subtypes did not correlate with the lesion’s relation with the facial nerve or the outcome of excision.Conclusion: The current classification systems used for first branchial cleft anomalies have little clinical relevance apart from providing extensive descriptions to aid in diagnosis. We advise instead that clinicians use imaging techniques to gain as much information as possible about these lesions before excision and be aware of the risk to the facial nerve at the time of excision. A description of the lesion’s relation with the facial nerve at the time of excision may provide more information on the likely outcomes compared with the classifications currently in use.Keywords: branchial cleft, congenital anomaly, facial nerve injury, first branchial cleft anomal

Scattering of light and atoms in a Fermi-Dirac gas with BCS pairing

We theoretically study the optical properties of a Fermi-Dirac gas in the presence of a superfluid state. We calculate the leading quantum-statistical corrections to the standard column density result of the electric susceptibility. We also consider the Bragg diffraction of atoms by means of light-stimulated transitions of photons between two intersecting laser beams. Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pairing between atoms in different internal levels magnifies incoherent scattering processes. The absorption linewidth of a Fermi-Dirac gas is broadened and shifted. Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer pairing introduces a collisional local-field shift that may dramatically dominate the Lorentz-Lorenz shift. For the case of the Bragg spectroscopy the static structure function may be significantly increased due to superfluidity in the nearforward scattering.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures; to appear in PR

Dynamics of evaporative cooling in magnetically trapped atomic hydrogen

We study the evaporative cooling of magnetically trapped atomic hydrogen on the basis of the kinetic theory of a Bose gas. The dynamics of trapped atoms is described by the coupled differential equations, considering both the evaporation and dipolar spin relaxation processes. The numerical time-evolution calculations quantitatively agree with the recent experiment of Bose-Einstein condensation with atomic hydrogen. It is demonstrated that the balance between evaporative cooling and heating due to dipolar relaxation limits the number of condensates to 9x10^8 and the corresponding condensate fraction to a small value of 4% as observed experimentally.Comment: 5 pages, REVTeX, 3 eps figures, Phys. Rev. A in pres