21 research outputs found

    Toward a validation process for model based safety analysis

    Get PDF
    Today, Model Based processes become more and more widespread to achieve the analysis of a system. However, there is no formal testing approach to ensure that the formal model is compliant with the real system. In the paper, we choose to study AltaRica model. We present a general process to well construct and validate an AltaRica formal model. The focus is made on this validation phase, i.e. verifying the compliance between the model and the real system. For it, the proposed process recommends to build a specification for the AltaRica model. Then, the validation process is transformed to a classical verification problem between an implementation and a specification

    Toward a methodology for the AltaRica modelling of multi-physical systems

    Get PDF
    Numerous works deal with the use of the formal language AltaRica to improve the safety as-sessment process of industrial systems. In this context, the paper aims at describing and applying a common methodology to model physical systems. The example of a mechanical system and a hydro-mechanical system will be taken

    Towards better comprehension of Uk’37 and TEX86 molecular paleothermometers : data-model approach applied to the iberian margin

    No full text
    L’objectif de ma thĂšse est de mieux comprendre le fonctionnement de deux proxies de tempĂ©rature de surface de l’ocĂ©an (SST), les indices Uk’37 et TEX86, notamment en terme de saison et de profondeur de production des alcĂšnones et des tĂ©traĂ©thers sur lesquels ils reposent, au cours des 160 000 derniĂšres annĂ©es au niveau de la marge ibĂ©rique. L’originalitĂ© de ce projet de thĂšse rĂ©side dans sa double approche, avec d’une part l’acquisition des enregistrements sĂ©dimentaires, et d’autre part l’utilisation d’un outil de modĂ©lisation rĂ©gionale couplĂ©e physique-biogĂ©ochimie pour simuler ces proxies sous 3 modes climatiques : au prĂ©sent, lors du dernier maximum glaciaire, et lors d’évĂ©nements de Heinrich. La confrontation des rĂ©sultats des biomarqueurs avec ceux de tests de scĂ©narios de production par la modĂ©lisation ont conduit aux conclusions suivantes. L’Uk’37 enregistre bien des SSTs moyennes annuelles, alors que le TEX86 prĂ©sente a priori des tempĂ©ratures beaucoup trop Ă©levĂ©es pour cette zone. La formulation d’une calibration rĂ©gionale pour le TEX86 permet d’obtenir des SSTs moyennes annuelles cohĂ©rentes. Le meilleur endroit de la marge ibĂ©rique pour appliquer ces deux palĂ©othermomĂštres est le site de Shackleton. AprĂšs analyse fine des timings des signaux multiproxies, le TEX86 semble ĂȘtre produit Ă  des profondeurs intermĂ©diaires, potentiellement par des communautĂ©s d’ArchĂ©es d’origine mĂ©diterranĂ©enne. Les variations de gradients thermiques latitudinaux ont Ă©tĂ© quantifiĂ©es, et des rĂ©organisations de masses d’eaux de surface et intermĂ©diaire au niveau de la marge ibĂ©rique ont Ă©tĂ© envisagĂ©es selon le climat glaciaire/interglaciaire lors des Ă©vĂšnements de type Heinrich.My PhD project aims at better understanding the functioning of both organic proxies of sea surface temperature (SST), Uk’37 and TEX86, especially in terms of season and depth of alkenone and tetraether production, over the last 160 000 years on the Iberian Margin. The originality of this project lies in its double approach: on the one hand, with the acquisition of Uk’37 and TEX86 sedimentary records from the Iberian Margin, and on the other hand with the use of a coupled physics-biogeochemistry regional model to simulate these temperature proxies for 3 climate modes: at present, during the last glacial maximum, and during Heinrich Stadials. The comparison of biomarker results with those from modeling tests of production scenarios provided the following conclusions. Uk’37 does record annual mean SSTs, whereas TEX86 shows a priori too high temperature for this area. The formulation of a regional calibration for TEX86 index enables to obtain coherent past annual mean SSTs. The best location to apply both paleothermometers on the Iberian Margin is the Shackleton site. After refined analysis of multiproxy signal timings, TEX86 production seems to take place at intermediate depth, potentially by archaean communities coming from the Mediterranean Sea. Latitudinal thermal gradient variations are quantified, and glacial/interglacial surface and intermediate water masses reorganizations during 'Heinrich like' events are considered

    Holocene North African Climate

    No full text
    During the Holocene, that is, the last 11,500 years, the North African climate has undergone significant changes. While the Sahara is now the largest desert on Earth, there used to be a “Green Sahara” at the beginning of the Holocene. It resulted from significant precipitations that were linked to the northward shift of the inter-tropical convergence zone, which was caused by the increase in summer insolation in the northern hemisphere. Holocene lacustrine deposits from Hassi El Medjna, Gran..

    Climat de l’Afrique du Nord pendant l’Holocùne

    No full text
    DĂ©pĂŽts lacustres holocĂšnes de Hassi El Medjna, Grand Erg Occidental, AlgĂ©rie Au cours de l’HolocĂšne, c’est-Ă -dire les 11 500 derniĂšres annĂ©es, le climat de l’Afrique du Nord a connu d’importants changements.Alors qu’aujourd’hui le Sahara est le plus vaste dĂ©sert du monde, il y avait un « Sahara Vert » au dĂ©but de l’HolocĂšne, du fait d’importantes prĂ©cipitations liĂ©es Ă  la migration vers le Nord de la zone de convergence intertropicale, sous l’effet d’une augmentation de l’insolation estivale ..

    Arctique : les grands enjeux scientifiques

    No full text
    « Le climat arctique est en train de changer, et ce Ă  un rythme qui a surpris [
] la communautĂ© scientifique. Mais les faits sont lĂ , incontournables. Si les changements en cours et Ă  venir offrent pour certains de vastes opportunitĂ©s Ă©conomiques, ils sont aussi Ă  l’origine de perturbations majeures de l’environnement ». Ces premiers mots prononcĂ©s par Alain Fuchs, PrĂ©sident du CNRS, lors du discours d’inauguration du colloque de prospective « Arctique : les grands enjeux scientifiques », ne..

    Biomarker indices and concentrations and biomarker-based temperature estimates from Iberian Margin cores MD99-2331, MD95-2040 and MD95-2042

    No full text
    Biomarker metadata and data for cores MD99-2331, MD95-2040, and MD95-2042: depth, age, summed OH-GDGT, iGDGT, and di-unsaturated and tri-unsaturated C37 alkenone concentrations, OH-GDGT-based, iGDGT-based, and alkenone-based paleothermometric indices, GDGT-2/GDGT-3 ratio, and biomarker-based sea surface temperature (SST) and 0‐ to 200‐m sea temperature (subT; gamma function probability distribution for target temperatures with a = 4.5 and b = 15) estimates. The 1σ analytical uncertainties are 0.008 (0.5 °C) for RI-OH, 0.007 (0.2 °C) for RI-OHâ€Č, 0.003 (0.1 °C) for TEX86, 0.263 for GDGT-2/GDGT-3, and 0.010 (0.26 °C) for UKâ€Č37. RI-OHâ€Č-SST estimates are from the following global calibration: SST = (RI-OHâ€Č + 0.029)/0.0422 (Fietz et al., 2020). RI-OH-SST estimates are from the following global calibration: SST = (RI-OH − 1.11)/0.018 (LĂŒ et al., 2015). TEX86H-SST estimates are from the following regional paleocalibration: SST = 68.4 × TEX86H + 33.0 (Darfeuil et al., 2016). UKâ€Č37-SST estimates are from the following global calibration: SST = 29.876 × UKâ€Č37 − 1.334 (Conte et al., 2006). Bayesian calibrations were also used for TEX86-SST and TEX86-subT estimates (BAYSPAR; Tierney & Tingley, 2014, 2015) and for UKâ€Č37-SST estimates (BAYSPLINE; Tierney & Tingley, 2018). Core MD95-2040 UKâ€Č37 and summed di-unsaturated and tri-unsaturated C37 alkenone concentration data are from Pailler and Bard (2002). Core MD95-2042 UKâ€Č37 and summed di-unsaturated and tri-unsaturated C37 alkenone concentration data covering the 70–45 ka BP period are from Darfeuil et al. (2016). GDGT data for core MD95-2042 samples with TEX86 values below 0.4 are deemed anomalous and are thus excluded from any description and analysis. MIS, Marine Isotope Stage; DO, Dansgaard–Oeschger event; GS, Greenland stadial; H, Heinrich event; GDGT, glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraether; and N/A, not available
    corecore