Children’s Perception and Belief about Medicines: Effectiveness and Its Autonomy

BACKGROUND: The use of medicines in children is usually always under the supervision of parents. Children are considered not to understand the concept of medicine properly. Children's perceptions of medicine are mostly formed from everyday experience. This can have an impact on children's beliefs about medicines which they are also required to be active and rational medicine users. AIM: This study aims to look at children's perceptions and beliefs about medicines, especially in the perspective of medicine efficacy and children's autonomy in using them. METHOD: The study was conducted with an analytical method with a cross-sectional approach using a questionnaire instrument in grade V elementary school children in Padang City, Indonesia. The total sample size obtained was 503 students. RESULTS: Children still think that medicine efficacy is influenced by taste, colour, size, medicine price, a place to buy medicine and how to get medication. 10.1% of children have stored the medicine at home, and 48.5% of children always depends on waited for their parents when they wanted to take medicine. Regarding children's access to medicines, 11.5% of children have bought their own over-the-counter medicine to a pharmacy or medicine store without the parents' knowledge. 31.4% of children have taken medicine at home without the parents' knowledge. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that children's perceptions of medicine efficacy are still very limited. Even though the child has used the medicine alone in a limited way, the child's autonomy in using the medicine still needs to be monitored by the parent. Therefore, this is the reason for the need for medical education given to children, especially in schools as an integral part of health education

Antibacterial Activity of Methyl Gallate Isolated from the Leaves of Toona sureni

The phenolic compound has been isolated from the leaves of Toona sureni (Blume) Merr and evaluated against 3 microorganisms, including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The structure was determined to be methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (methyl gallate), based on UV-vis, FTIR, NMR and MS spectra. The antibacterial activity of the compound was evaluated using an impregnated paper disk method and compared with that of chloramphenicol. It was effective  on the inactivation of Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of the compound was 7.5 mg/mL against  all the test bacteria. These results may be an indication of at least one of the pharmacological actions of the leaves of Toona sureni (Blume) Merr

DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A HPLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION AND QUANTIFICATION OF RUBRAXANTHONE IN STEM BARK EXTRACT OF MANGOSTEEN

Rubraxanthone is one of antibacterial  and antioxidant compound which is isolated from stem bark of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.). The precise method for analysis of plant constituents is normally a reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC). Development and validation of a RP-HPLC method for chromatographic separation was carried out on a reversed-phase column Shimadzu ®  Shimp-pack VP – ODS (4.6x250mm) using an isocratic mobile phase of  0.4% formic acid - acetonitrile at  a flow rate 1mL min-1, and detection was  with a UV detector. The linearity of  the proposed method was found in the range of 2.5-25μg/mL-1 with regression coefficient 0.999. Intraday precision studies showed the relative standard deviation ≤1.58% and  inter-day ≤3.20%. Accuracy of the method was determined by a recovery study conducted at 3 different levels, and the average recovery was 102.18%. The Limit of Detection Limit of Quantitation (LOQ) and were 0.47 and 1.56μg/mL-1.The contents of rubraxanthon in the crude was 0.23±0.07%w/w

SENYAWA ANTIOKSIDAN DARI TUMBUHAN GARCINIA PARVIFOLIA. MIQ

Xanthoire antioksidan telah diisolasi dari fraksi aktif antioksida dari kulit batang Garcinia parvifolia Mig dengan metoda kromatografi. Senyawa ini telah dielusidasi sebagai α-mangostine berdasarkan sifat spektrumnya. Senyawa ini mempunyai sifat penangkap antiradikal yang signifikan dengan metoda DPPH

Aktifitas Anti Kanker Senyawa Rhodomyrton terhadap Sel MCF-7

An anticancer compound, Rhodomyrtone, had been investigated by using MTA towards MCF-7 cell lines with LC30 value at 24 µg/ml. This compound was found as pale yellow needless which has melting point at 185-186o C

ANALISIS STRUKTUR SENYAWA ORGANIK SECARA SPEKTROSKOPI

Buku ini ditulis karena belum ada buku serupa membahas tentang analisa struktur senyawa organik secara komprehensif dan terpadu. Diharapkan buku yang ditulis berdasarkan pengalaman mengajar dan penelitian-penelitian yang dilakukan oleh penulis selama ini, akan memudahkan mahasiswa dalam bidang Farmasi dan Kimia untuk melakukan penentuan struktur dari suatu senyawa organik. Buku ini terdiri dari lima bab, dimana pada bagian pertama sepintas dibahas teori dasar spektrofotometer ultraviolet-visibel dan aplikasinya dalam penentuan struktur dan analisa kuantitatif suatu zat, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan spektrofotometer inframerah beserta beberapa contoh dan aplikasinya. Bagian ketiga membahas tentang teori dasar spektrometer massa serta aplikasinya; dan yang ke empat dan ke lima adalah spektrometer RMI proton dan karbon beserta beberapa contoh dan aplikasinya

Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Kefarmasian terhadap Kepuasan Pasien Rawat Inap RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang

Pharmaceutical services at the hospital are an integral part of the hospital's service system. The quality of the pharmacy service affects the hospital's performance as a service company. Pharmacy Installation of Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital based on data from Public Relation and Public Complaint Installation of Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital get complaint report on pharmacy service as many as 28 complaint reports in 2015 and 42 complaint reports in 2016. A decrease in the quality of care is indicated by the decrease in the number of in-patients in the period of 2013-2015 reaching an average of 2.89%, while the level of complaints on the quality of in-patient pharmacy service remains high with 31 complaints by years. This study aims to analyze the effect of hospital pharmacy service quality on patient satisfaction at pharmacy depo Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital. The measurements of all constructs and research indicators used questionnaires distributed to 320 in-patients as respondents. Path analysis used with software application of SPSS 17 to analyze the data. The result concluded that service quality consisting of service speed, attitude, and empathy of officer, drug availability, pharmacy depot location, and drug information simultaneously, influence on patient's satisfaction with a contribution of 74.10%. However, the partial attitude and empathy of the officers have no effect on the satisfaction of patients. While the provision of drug information is the most dominant factor of service quality in affecting patient satisfaction at pharmacy depo Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital

Dukungan Keluarga Memengaruhi Kepatuhan Pasien Hipertensi

Family Support Affect Patient Compliance with Hypertension. Hypertension is a state of increased systolic blood pressure greater than 140 mmHg and or diastolic greater than 90 mmHg. The effectiveness of treatment is determined by the compliance of hypertensive patients, and family support can be a very influential factor. This study aims to determine the relationship of family support with adherence in hypertensive patients. The study was a descriptive correlative with cross sectional approach and sample are 59 people. Data collection was conducted at Puskesmas Padang Pasir from 4 to 30 April 2013, collected using questionnaires. Data analysis consisted of univariate analysis that describes the family support and adherence respondents then bivariate analysis using Rank Spearman (r) correlation test. The results showed 54% of respondents have family support with medium category and 59% respondents have compliance with medium category. Statistical test results obtained values (r) = 0.786. Concluded that family support has a very strong relationship with compliance and there is a direct relationship, so higher family support make impact higher compliance. Family support accounted for 61.8% of compliance. Family should pay more attention to providing informational support to patients with hypertensio

KROMATOGRAFI CAIR KINERJA TINGGI

Kromatografi adalah teknik pemisahan fisik suatu campuran zat-zat kimia (analit) yang berdasarkan pada perbedaan migrasi/ distribusi masing-masing komponen campuran yang terpisah pada fase diam (stationary phase) dibawah pengaruh fase gerak (mobile phase), fase gerak  dapat berupa gas atau zat cair dan fasa diam dapat berupa zat cair atau zat padat. Kromatografi cair pertama kali diperkenalkan oleh Tswett pada tahun 1903 yang menggunakan kolom kapur untuk memisahkan pigmen dari daun-daun hijau. Pita-pita warna yang dihasilkan pada adsorben menginspirasi istilah kromatografi untuk menggambarkan proses pemisahan yang berasal  dari kata Jerman Chromos berarti warna dan grafe berarti menulis. Untuk masa sekarang pemisahan dan penentuan warna sudah sedikit dilakukan dengan kromatografi modern, meskipun tidak relevan istilah itu masih dipakai untuk menggambarkan seluruh tekhnik pemisahan yang menggunakan fasa gerak dan fasa diam