13 research outputs found

    Finishing precocity visual score and genetic associations with growth traits in Angus beef cattle

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    Finishing precocity visual score selection was adopted to estimate the time from birth to reach slaughter age. This study estimated (co) variance components and genetic correlations for the finishing precocity score at weaning (WP) and yearling (YP) stages by using daily weight gain (BWG = from birth to weaning; WYG = from weaning to yearling) and speed of weight gain (BWR = from birth to weaning; WYR = from weaning to yearling) as support for a genetic evaluation program for Angus beef cattle. Genetic parameters were estimated using Bayesian inference, considering multi-trait analysis and assuming a nonlinear model for WP and YP and linear model for all other traits. Direct heritability estimates were 0.17 (WP), 0.19 (YP), 0.15 (BWG), 0.16 (WYG), 0.15 (BWR), and 0.16 (WYR). The genetic correlation between the finishing precocity score at two ages (weaning and yearling) was 0.61. Positive and moderate genetic correlations were obtained between WP and BWG (0.47) and WP and BWR (0.46). In contrast, negative and low genetic associations were estimated between WP and yearling growth traits (-0.16, WYG; -0.15, WYR). Genetic correlations between YP and other traits were positive 0.29 (BWG), 0.28 (BWR), 0.48 (WYG), and 0.47 (WYR). The selection response for the finishing precocity score at weaning and yearling ages would be low. Selection to increase WP and YP should result in favorable genetic changes in daily weight gains as a correlated response. Therefore, to obtain animals suited for beef cattle production systems, finishing precocity score and growth traits should be considered as selection criteria

    Herdabilidades para ganho de peso da desmama ao sobreano e perímetro escrotal ao sobreano e tendências genética e fenotípica para ganho de peso da desmama ao sobreano em bovinos Nelore-Angus Heritabilities for post-weaning daily gain and scrotal circumference at yearling age and genetic and phenotypic trends for post-weaning daily gain in Nellore-Angus crossbreds

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    Com o objetivo de estimar herdabilidades para ganho de peso médio diário da desmama ao sobreano (GMDDS) e para perímetro escrotal ao sobreano (PES) e tendências genética e fenotípica para GMDDS, foram utilizados 47.668 registros de peso e de ganho de peso de uma população multirracial Nelore-Angus, coletados entre 1991 e 2001 em diversas regiões do Brasil. Os dados foram analisados pelo método REML e as estimativas das (co)variâncias foram obtidas por meio de um modelo animal, no qual foram considerados fixos os efeitos da composição racial do animal (obtida pela concatenação do percentual da raça Nelore do próprio animal, de seu pai e de sua mãe) e do grupo de contemporâneos pós-desmama (animais nascidos no mesmo rebanho, ano, época e pertencentes ao mesmo sexo e grupo de manejo) e, como aleatórios, os efeitos genético aditivo direto e residual. A herdabilidade para PES foi estimada utlizando-se o mesmo modelo, acrescido dos efeitos fixos do peso e da idade do animal ao sobreano (covariáveis). As médias para idade nas pesagens foram 215 e 528 dias para a desmama e o sobreano, respectivamente. A herdabilidade estimada para GMDDS foi 0,44 &plusmn; 0,02 e para PES, 0,22 &plusmn; 0,08. A tendência genética anual predita para GMDDS foi decrescente até 1996 e crescente a partir desse período. A tendência fenotípica anual foi de 9,4 g/dia/ano.<br>Data consisting of 47.668 records of a Nellore-Angus crossbred population, raised in several regions of Brazil, from 1991 to 2001, were used to estimate heritability for post-weaning daily gain (ADG) and for scrotal circumference at yearling age (SCY) using REML. Genetic and phenotypic trends for ADG were also estimated. The model used to estimate heritability and breeding values (BVs) for ADG included the fixed effects of breed composition (defined by the percentage of contribution of the Nellore breed of the animal and his parents) and the contemporary group after weaning (herd, year/season of birth, sex and management group) and the random additive genetic animal and residual effects. The same model, including the fixed effects of weight and age of the animal at yearling, as covariates, was used for SCY. The average ages at weaning and yearling were respectively 215 and 528 days. The heritability estimates for ADG and SCY were 0.44 &plusmn; 0.02 and 0.22 &plusmn; 0.08, respectively. The annual genetic trend for ADG decreased up to the year of 1996 and increased then on. The phenotypic trend was 9.4 g/day/year

    Estimativas de Herdabilidade e Correlação Genética para Características de Crescimento na Fase de Pré-desmama e Medidas de Perímetro Escrotal ao Sobreano em Bovinos Angus-Nelore Heritability Estimates and Genetic Correlation of Growth Characteristics in the Preweaning Period and Scrotal Circumference Measurement at Yearling for Angus-Nelore Beef Cattle

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    Os dados utilizados neste estudo são originários de 53.938 bovinos puros e cruzados (Angus x Nelore), coletados em várias regiões do Brasil e da Argentina nascidos entre 1987 e 1998. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar as herdabilidades e as correlações existentes entre as características de crescimento e as medidas de perímetro escrotal (PE). As variáveis estudadas foram ganho médio diário do nascimento à desmama (GMDND), dias para ganhar 160 kg do nascimento à desmama (D160), peso à desmama (PD) e perímetro escrotal ao sobreano (PE). Foi utilizado o método da Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita, com o programa computacional MTDFREML e um modelo animal bi-caráter. Para as características de crescimento, foram incluídos, como efeitos fixos, o grupo contemporâneo de desmama, a interação das composições raciais dos pais do produto; como covariável, a idade da mãe ao parto; e como aleatórios, os efeitos direto e materno. Para a característica PE, no modelo utilizado, consideraram-se os efeitos linear e quadrático da idade ao sobreano e o peso ao sobreano, a interação das proporções raciais, maternas e paternas e o grupo contemporâneo de sobreano foram introduzidos no modelo como efeitos fixos e o efeito direto do animal como aleatório. As estimativas de herdabilidade foram 0,25, 0,13, 0,23 e 0,21 para GMDND, D160, PD e PE respectivamente. As estimativas de correlações com PE foram 0,17, -0,17 e 0,16 para GMDND, D160 e PD, respectivamente. Os resultados sugerem que as características analisadas podem ser selecionadas conjuntamente em programas de seleção.<br>The data utilized in this work were originated from 53.938 pure and crossbred (Angus x Nelore), collected in different regions of Brazil and Argentina born from 1987 to 1998 were analyzed. The objectives of this work were to verity the heritabilities and correlation among the growing and scrotal circumference traits. The variables analyzed were the average daily gain from birth to weaning (ADGBW), days to reach 160 kg from birth to weaning (D160), weaning weight (WW) and scrotal circumference at yearling (CP). The method of restricted Maximum Likelihood and computational program MTDFREML were used with a multitrait animal model. For the growing trait, the model included the fixed effects of contemporary groups at weaning, the interaction of breeds parents of animal, the age of dam at parturition and age at weaning as covariable and the direct and maternal as random effects. For the SP the fixed effects included in the model were the linear and quadratic effects of age at yearling and weight, contemporary group at yearling and interaction composite breed sire and dam a direct animal effect as random effect. The heritability estimates were .25, .13, .23 and .21 for ADGBW, D160, WW and CP, respectively. The correlation estimates with SP were:.0,17, -.17 and .16 for ADGBW, D160, and WW respectively. These results suggest that the trait analyzed can be chosen together at the selection programs
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