US hegemony and the origins of Japanese nuclear power : the politics of consent

This paper deploys the Gramscian concepts of hegemony and consent in order to explore the process whereby nuclear power was brought to Japan. The core argument is that nuclear power was brought to Japan as a consequence of US hegemony. Rather than a simple manifestation of one state exerting material ‘power over' another, bringing nuclear power to Japan involved a series of compromises worked out within and between state and civil society in both Japan and the USA. Ideologies of nationalism, imperialism and modernity underpinned the process, coalescing in post-war debates about the future trajectory of Japanese society, Japan's Cold War alliance with the USA and the role of nuclear power in both. Consent to nuclear power was secured through the generation of a psychological state in the public mind combining the fear of nuclear attack and the hope of unlimited consumption in a nuclear-fuelled post-modern world

Repair of cracked reinforced concrete Assessment of corrosion protection

Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:7768.29(TRRL-RR--150) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo

Periodontal attachment loss in HIV-infected patients is associated with the major histocompatibility complex 8.1 haplotype (HLA-A1,B8,DR3)

Periodontal attachment loss is mediated by overproduction of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1, and appears to have a genetic component. The 8.1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) ancestral haplotype (HLA-A1,B8,TNFA-308(2),DR3) is associated with elevated TNF production and predisposes carriers to several autoimmune/immunopathological disorders, including rapid progression of HIV disease, but not early onset periodontal disease in healthy individuals. Rather a high proportion of subjects with severe periodontal disease carry allele 2 at IL-1A-889 and IL-1B+3953. We predicted that genetic associations may be different or clearer in HIV patients, as they often show elevated production of TNF and IL-1 and periodontal attachment loss. Hence periodontal parameters and IL-1 polymorphisms were assessed in HIV-positive subjects expressing HLA-B8 with or without other markers of the 8.1 haplotype. Of 16 HLA-B8 subjects, 13 demonstrated elevated probing pocket depth and clinical attachment loss. The difference was statistically significant and did not correlate with smoking, age, CD4 T-cell counts, HIV viral load or levels of dental plaque. As TNFA-308 (allele 2) was present in four non-B8 subjects who had minimal attachment loss, it may not mediate the effect of the 8.1 haplotype. Moreover, polymorphisms at IL-1A-889 and IL-1B+3953 did not significantly affect periodontal parameters. Thus a central MHC gene characteristic of the 8.1 haplotype was the clearest determinant of periodontal attachment loss in HIV-infected individuals.xm