Direct sampling of exponential phase moments of smoothed Wigner functions

We investigate exponential phase moments of the s-parametrized quasidistributions (smoothed Wigner functions). We show that the knowledge of these moments as functions of s provides, together with photon-number statistics, a complete description of the quantum state. We demonstrate that the exponential phase moments can be directly sampled from the data recorded in balanced homodyne detection and we present simple expressions for the sampling kernels. The phase moments are Fourier coefficients of phase distributions obtained from the quasidistributions via integration over the radial variable in polar coordinates. We performed Monte Carlo simulations of the homodyne detection and we demonstrate the feasibility of direct sampling of the moments and subsequent reconstruction of the phase distribution.Comment: RevTeX, 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted Phys. Rev.

Quantum Characterization of a Werner-like Mixture

We introduce a Werner-like mixture [R. F. Werner, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 40}, 4277 (1989)] by considering two correlated but different degrees of freedom, one with discrete variables and the other with continuous variables. We evaluate the mixedness of this state, and its degree of entanglement establishing its usefulness for quantum information processing like quantum teleportation. Then, we provide its tomographic characterization. Finally, we show how such a mixture can be generated and measured in a trapped system like one electron in a Penning trap.Comment: 8 pages ReVTeX, 8 eps figure

Geology McDowell Mountains area, Maricopa County, Arizona

Geologic folio including two map sheets - 1. geology, 2. landforms - and brief descriptions of climate, setting, flora and fauna, and geologic history.Documents in the AZGS Documents Repository collection are made available by the Arizona Geological Survey (AZGS) and the University Libraries at the University of Arizona. For more information about items in this collection, please contact [email protected]

Gene transfer to cerebral vessels during vasospasm using recombinant adenovirus

Vasospasm remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage. Preliminary feasibility studies of gene therapy were explored using a viral vector to prevent spasm of cerebral vessels by transducing a reporter gene into cerebral vessels. Vasospasm was induced in mongrel dogs (n= 6) using the double haemorrhage intracisternal injection model. Basilar artery diameter was assessed by angiography and profound vasospasm was confirmed at four and seven days. Recombinant adenovirus(1-2-3-8 x 101" infectious units) expression nuclear-targeted IacZ (reporter gene) under the control of the cytomegalovirus promoter was injected intracisternally at the same time as the induction of vasospasm in eight separate animals. The brains were removed and histochemically examined by staining for nuclear, B-galactosidase. At two to seven days, ,B-galactosidase was expressed in leptomeninges over the brain stem, cortex, cerebral arteries, in small vessels in the cerebellum and brain stem, and in the ependymal lining of the ventricles. Gene transduction occurred within the adventitia of blood vessels, but none was observed in the smooth muscle or endolithium of the vessels. The findings indicate that intracisternal injection of the recombinant adenovirus can be used for gene transfer to cerebral vessels and overlying meninges, even in the presence of cisternal blood and vasospasm. Transfer and expression of genes that encode for enzymes with vasodilator function(especially highly diffusible substances such as nitric oxide synthase) to cerebral blood vessels using recombinant viral vectors may be useful for prevention or treatment of cerebral vasospasm

Anatomia e histologia do trato urinário do macaco-prego (Sapajus apella)

Resumo: Sapajus apella é um primata do Novo Mundo de porte médio e com distribuição geográfica desde a América do Sul até a Argentina. São bons modelos para estudo e nos últimos anos vêm sendo amplamente utilizados para este fim. A destruição progressiva do habitat natural desses animais os tem levado a migrarem para outras regiões, tornando-os, assim, mais susceptíveis à caça predatória. A necessidade de preservação das espécies silvestres desperta interesse por um maior conhecimento anatômico e clínico para estes animais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo examinar e descrever os aspectos morfológicos, quanto a anatomia macroscópica e microscópica dos órgãos do sistema urinário de fêmeas da espécie Sapajus apella visando estender o conhecimento anatômico para esta espécie. Foram utilizadas quatro fêmeas, oriundas do Centro Nacional de Primatas de Ananindeua/PA. istema urinário de S. apella apresenta características similares a outros primatas tanto humanos quanto não humanos e aos animais domésticos. Os rins apresentaram aspectos macroscópicos semelhantes aos rins de humanos, mas com a mesma classificação de outros primatas não humanos e alguns animais domésticos. A bexiga assemelhou-se aos animais domésticos e aos primatas de maneira geral, humano e não humano. O mesmo ocorreu quando analisamos estes órgãos histologicamente