Россия на мировом рынке природного газа: современные тенденции, угрозы и перспективы

This article deals with the analysis of the Russian natural gas market development. Today in terms of the complicated relations between Russia and countries that imposed sanctions against Russia due to the Ukrainian crisis this problem is especially important. The main aims of the article are: to analyze the global natural gas market; to reflect the importance of European market saving for Russia’s gas producers, the threats analysis for the Russian natural gas market both in spheres of external relations with key European partners and in the spheres of the alternative energy sources development; to considerate the prospects of the new ways of Russia’s natural gas external relations development.Статья посвящена исследованию развития рынка природного газа в России. Ее актуальность состоит в том, что в условиях осложнившихся отношений между Россией и странами, которые ввели против нее санкции ввиду сложившейся нестабильной ситуации на Украине, существующая парадигма мирового рынка природного газа может радикально поменяться. Задачей данной статьи является исследование мирового рынка природного газа; отражение важности сохранения рынка Европейского союза для России. Новизна проделанной работы заключается в анализе угроз для российского газового рынка как в рамках возможных негативных перемен о внешнеторговых отношениях с ключевыми европейскими партнерами, так и в области развития альтернативных источников энергии. Также в исследовании обозначены новые ключевые векторы развития внешнеэкономических отношений России по поставкам природного газа в страны Азии

Formation of Superhard Nanostructured Ti–Hf–N(Fe) Coatings Obtained by Vacuum Arc Deposition in HF discharge

Superhard nanostructured Ti–Hf–N(Fe) coatings are prepared. The formation of local regions of (Ti, Hf)N, FeN, and Hf is detected using μ-PIXE (ion microbeam). It is revealed that the synthesized coatings have a nanohardness of 48 ± 1 GPa and are composed of nanograins with a size of 4.8–10.6 nm, which are enveloped by finer entities of other phases (Ti, Fe)N and FeN. There is a good correlation between the results derived by XRD, TEM, AFM, and SEM and microanalysis, which in turn are complemented by the analysis results obtained using an ion microbeam and PIXE. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3492

Generation UWB signal at energization of a helical antenna high-current REB

In operation the possibility of generation of UWB signal was researched at excitement of a helical antenna by a high-current relativistic bundle of nanosecond duration. The experiments were conducted on a high-current relativistic accelerator REB "Темр-А" with parameters: Eb ~ 0,5…1,0 МeV, Ib ~ 5…10 кА, duration of a ~15 nс., at the value of a leading edge ~ 1…2 nс. The calculation data of a helical antenna and parameters of a generated UWB signal are reduced.Исследовалась возможность генерации СШП-сигнала при возбуждении изолированной спиральной антенны сильноточным релятивистским пучком наносекундной длительности. Эксперименты проводились на сильноточном релятивистском ускорителе РЭП «Темп-А» с параметрами: Eb~ 0,5…1,0 МэВ, Ib~ 5…10 кА, длительность пучка ~15 нс, при величине переднего фронта ~ 1…2 нс. Приведены расчетные данные спиральной антенны и параметры генерируемого СШП-сигнала.Досліджувалася можливість генерації НШС-сигналу при збудженні спіральної антени потужнострумовим релятивістським пучком наносекундной тривалості. Експерименти проводилися на потужнострумовому релятивістському прискорювачі РЕП «Темп-А» з параметрами: Eb~ 0,5…1,0 МеВ, Ib~ 5…10 кА, тривалість пучка ~15 нс, при величині переднього фронту ~ 1…2 нс. Приведено розрахункові дані спіральної антени і параметри генеруємого НШС-сигнал

Multifractality and critical fluctuations at the Anderson transition

Critical fluctuations of wave functions and energy levels at the Anderson transition are studied for the family of the critical power-law random banded matrix ensembles. It is shown that the distribution functions of the inverse participation ratios (IPR) $P_q$ are scale-invariant at the critical point, with a power-law asymptotic tail. The IPR distribution, the multifractal spectrum and the level statistics are calculated analytically in the limits of weak and strong couplings, as well as numerically in the full range of couplings.Comment: 14 pages, 13 eps figure

Development of improved x-ray optics for analytical x-ray microbeams. CRADA final report for CRADA Number Y-1294-0283

The purpose of this CRADA was to develop improved glass capillary, x-ray optics for analytical x-ray microbeam applications. X-Ray Optical Systems, Inc. (XOS) designed and fabricated capillary optics and LMES tested those optics for x-ray microanalytical applications using its unique X-Ray Microprobe. Tapered capillaries with 3-{micro}m and 8-{micro}m output openings were fabricated and tested. The tapered capillaries had better spectral quality for x-ray microfluorescence (XRMF) analysis, than non-tapered, straight capillaries that are currently used in the system. X-ray beam count-rates for the tapered capillaries were also greater than the straight capillaries. Two monolithic, polycapillary optics were fabricated and tested. The polycapillary optics produced focal spots of 40 and 100 {micro}m. Beam intensities for the polycapillaries were, respective, 44 and 18 times the intensities found in straight 50-{micro}m and 100-{micro}m capillaries. High-sensitivity scanning will be possible because of the enhanced intensity of the polycapillary optic. LMES and the DP program will benefit from improved capabilities for nondestructive x-ray microanalysis, while XOS will benefit from test results that will enhance the marketability of their products

Thermochemistry of organic and heteroorganic species. Part XI. A new estimation scheme of the enthalpies of formation for RCH2 free radicals

International audienc

Application of numerical procedures for assessment of tanker wave loads including sloshing and ship speed

Object and purpose of research. The investigation considers approaches for inclusion of sloshing and ship speed and discusses their influence on estimation of hull responses to external loads. Materials and methods. The 3D panel method is used to solve a hydrodynamic problem of potential flow around ship hull in regular waves. The sloshing is included by direct modeling of inner tanks also containing potential fluid. The ship speed is taken into account by additional potential of inflow. Main results. Analysis of response amplitude operators (RAO) and bending moments with and without additional factors introduced in the mechanical model. Conclusion. The problem of ship motions in regular waves taking into account sloshing and ship speed was solved in the work process. The influence on responses of the considered mechanical system for taking these factors into considerations is analysed. The applied panel method shows flexibility regarding additional factors of modeling and offers a prospect for further investigation of non-linear effects associated with ship motions in waves