Experimental modal identification of an existent earthen residential building

The paper presents the preliminary round of in-situ experimental tests carried out at “Hotel Comercio”, a historical construction located at the historical centre of Lima (capital of Peru). The building is a three story republican-type construction built at 19th Century with composite structure of Adobe and “Quincha”. The experimental works consisted on Operational Modal Analysis (OMA) tests aiming at identifying the dynamic characteristics of the building using the environmental noise as source of excitation. The severe damage at the Hotel, as well as its complex boundary conditions made the dynamic identification process hard to carry out. The experimental results showed coupled global and local modes. The expected different behaviour of the Quincha panels and the Adobe in terms of flexibility was also verified. The Finite element model of the building was implemented and a preliminary numerical model updating was carried out. The modal comparison of the numerical and experimental results evidenced that few modes were accurately assessed by the analytical approach. An important contribution of the paper is the introduction of OMA as a tool for better understanding the structural behaviour which may also allow assessing the real damage condition of the buildings.(undefined

Bending behavior analysis of geogrid reinforced adobe walls

La tierra cruda constituye el material de construcción más importante en muchas regiones del planeta. Dado el riesgo sísmico existente en la mayor parte de estas regiones, es necesario el desarrollo de técnicas de refuerzo eficaces y adecuadas desde un punto de vista tecnológico y socioeconómico. Este artículo analiza desde un punto experimental y analítico el comportamiento a flexión de muros de adobe reforzados con geomallas. Las leyes momento-curvatura de los muros ensayados son aproximadas mediante una serie de modelos analíticos que permiten analizar el comportamiento del material compuesto adobe-geomalla. Los resultados obtenidos muestran como la geomalla mejora el comportamiento de la mampostería de adobe en términos de resistencia y ductilidad, mejorando así su comportamiento en caso de movimiento sísmico.Rammed earth is a widely used building material in many regions of the world. Due to the high seismic risk in those areas, earthen constructions require suitable and efficient reinforcement techniques from a technological and socioeconomic point of view. This paper analyzes the bending behavior of geogrid reinforced adobe walls from an experimental and analytical point of view. The experimental bending moment-curvature relationships are analytically approached. The results show how geogrid reinforcement improves the performance of adobe masonry in terms of strength and ductility. Thus, a better seismic performance is achieve

Bending behavior analysis of geogrid reinforced adobe walls

La tierra cruda constituye el material de construcción más importante en muchas regiones del planeta. Dado el riesgo sísmico existente en la mayor parte de estas regiones, es necesario el desarrollo de técnicas de refuerzo eficaces y adecuadas desde un punto de vista tecnológico y socioeconómico. Este artículo analiza desde un punto experimental y analítico el comportamiento a flexión de muros de adobe reforzados con geomallas. Las leyes momento-curvatura de los muros ensayados son aproximadas mediante una serie de modelos analíticos que permiten analizar el comportamiento del material compuesto adobe-geomalla. Los resultados obtenidos muestran como la geomalla mejora el comportamiento de la mampostería de adobe en términos de resistencia y ductilidad, mejorando así su comportamiento en caso de movimiento sísmico.Rammed earth is a widely used building material in many regions of the world. Due to the high seismic risk in those areas, earthen constructions require suitable and efficient reinforcement techniques from a technological and socioeconomic point of view. This paper analyzes the bending behavior of geogrid reinforced adobe walls from an experimental and analytical point of view. The experimental bending moment-curvature relationships are analytically approached. The results show how geogrid reinforcement improves the performance of adobe masonry in terms of strength and ductility. Thus, a better seismic performance is achieve

Experimental and Analytical Approach for the Assesment of Flexural Strength of Adobe Masonry

This paper presents an investigation about the flexural behavior of adobe masonry. It is focused on the development of constitutive models that can serve as a basis for the establishment of new design guidelines for adobe constructions, with special emphasis on seismic reinforcements. The paper analyzes the flexural behaviour of geogrid reinforced adobe walls. The experimental seismic tests of geogrid reinforced adobe houses have proven the effectiveness of the reinforcement technique. However, additional research is needed to develop constitutive models that can be used to quantify the actual performances of the reinforced adobe. For this purpose, bending tests have been carried out to obtain experimental curvature-moment relationships for reinforced and non reinforced adobe walls. Analytical models have been developed to approach these experimental laws, using equilibrium and compatibility equations similar to those usually applied for the flexural behaviour of reinforced concrete. The constitutive models of the individual materials are previously obtained through experimental tests, and simplified constitutive models are proposed for the governing equations. The analytical models show the ductility of adobe masonry, and how ductility increases when adobe is reinforced with geogrids. The proposed mathematical models and methodology can be applied to other structural elements and reinforcement systems. They can serve as a basis for the development of new design guidelines for adobe masonry

Análisis del comportamiento a flexión de muros de adobe reforzados con geomallas

Rammed earth is a widely used building material in many regions of the world. Due to the high seismic risk in those areas, earthen constructions require suitable and efficient reinforcement techniques from a technological and socioeconomic point of view. This paper analyzes the bending behavior of geogrid reinforced adobe walls from an experimental and analytical point of view. The experimental bending moment-curvature relationships are analytically approached. The results show how geogrid reinforcement improves the performance of adobe masonry in terms of strength and ductility. Thus, a better seismic performance is achieved.La tierra cruda constituye el material de construcción más importante en muchas regiones del planeta. Dado el riesgo sísmico existente en la mayor parte de estas regiones, es necesario el desarrollo de técnicas de refuerzo eficaces y adecuadas desde un punto de vista tecnológico y socioeconómico. Este artículo analiza desde un punto experimental y analítico el comportamiento a flexión de muros de adobe reforzados con geomallas. Las leyes momento-curvatura de los muros ensayados son aproximadas mediante una serie de modelos analíticos que permiten analizar el comportamiento del material compuesto adobe-geomalla. Los resultados obtenidos muestran como la geomalla mejora el comportamiento de la mampostería de adobe en términos de resistencia y ductilidad, mejorando así su comportamiento en caso de movimiento sísmico

Técnicas de protección del patrimonio arqueológico excavado

Los yacimientos arqueológicos presentan problemas para la protección ambiental de los restos que se hallan en ellos. Los materiales de las excavaciones suelen ser adobe, tapiales o piedras, materiales que sufren una gran degradación a la intemperie. Generalmente durante el proceso de degradación las construcciones pierden en primer lugar la techumbre por lo que el agua de lluvia penetra directamente sobre el interior de los yacimientos, actuando sobre revestimientos, bajorrelieves, pinturas, etc. También la cota de los restos arqueológicos suele ser inferior a los niveles actuales de las calles, por lo que el agua freática o de lluvia termina acumulándose en ellos, e incluso el viento termina transportando basuras y materiales finos sobre los restos, ayudado especialmente por los a veces maleducados visitantes

Experimental investigation on the bond behavior of a compatible TRM-based solution for rammed earth heritage

Despite the current awareness of the high seismic risk of earthen structures, little has been done so far to develop proper strengthening solutions for the rammed earth heritage. Based on the effectiveness of TRM for masonry buildings, the strengthening of rammed earth walls with externally bonded fibers using earth-based mortar is being proposed as a compatible solution. In this context, the investigation of bond behavior was conducted by means of direct tensile tests, pull-out tests and single lap-shear tests. The specimens were prepared using earth-based mortars and two different types of meshes (glass and nylon) while considering different-bonded lengths. The direct tensile tests on TRM coupons showed the high capacity of the nylon mesh in transferring stresses after cracking of the mortar. The pull-out tests highlighted that in the case of glass fiber mesh, the bond was granted by friction, while the mechanical anchorage promoted by the transversal yarns granted the bond of the nylon mesh. Finally, the single lap-shear tests showed that the adopted earth-based mortar seems to limit the performance of the strengthening.This work was supported by the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [PTDC/ECM-EST/2777/2014, SFRH/BD/131006/2017, SFRH/BPD/97082/2013]

Programa de Intervención basado en el Mindfulness para reducir los niveles de ansiedad en deportistas de artes marciales

14 Congreso Mundial de Psicología del Deporte, llevado a cabo del 10 al 14 de Julio de 2017 en Sevilla, España.Anxiety Pre Competitive State: Phenomenon that occurs in the time before a competitive situation (Cox, 2009). It usually rises and stays stable as the sporting event approaches. It is influenced by factors such as fear of failure in performance, fear of physical damage, feelings of incompetence and imperfection, and pressure for victory or achievement of goals (Días, Cruz & Fonseca, 2011). It is composed of three components: somatic anxiety, cognitive anxiety and self-confidence (Cox, 2009; Jaenes, Peñaloza, Navarrete, & Bohórquez, 2012). Mindfulness: Awareness that arises from paying attention, intentionally, to the present experience as it is. It is third generation cognitive behavioral technique (Moreno, 2012), and represents a way of relating to physical and mental phenomena in a contemplative way (Palmi & Solé, 2016). It also implies a mental state and a psychological capacity that can be practiced and improved (Garcia Campayo & Demarzo, 2015)

SEISMIC REHABILITATION OF CATHEDRAL TOWERS IN PERU

Halkidiki, Greec