A review of the rationales for corporate risk management: fashion or the need?

This paper presents the extensive literature survey based both on theoretical rationales for hedging as well as the empirical evidence that support the implications of the theory regarding the arguments for the corporate risk management relevance and its influence on the company’s value. The survey of literature presented in this paper has revealed that there are two chief classes of rationales for corporate decision to hedge - maximisation of shareholder value or maximisation of managers’ private utility. The paper concludes that, the total benefit of hedging is the combination of all these motives and, if the costs of using corporate risk management instruments are less than the benefits provided via the avenues mentioned in this paper, or any other benefit perceived by the market, then risk management is a shareholder-value enhancing activity

Joint theoretical and experimental study on elastic electron scattering from bismuth

We report on experimental elastic differential and integral cross sections for electron scattering from bismuth. The energy range of those measurements is 10-100 eV, while the scattered electron angular range in the differential cross section data is 10 degrees-150 degrees. We also supplement our experimental results with theoretical data from our optical potential approach, in this case applying two different sets of scattering potentials to the problem. Good overall qualitative accord is typically observed between our measured and calculated results, particularly when allowance is made for the dimer contribution in the experimental atomic beam

Electron-impact excitation of the (4d(10)5s) S-2(1/2)-> (4d(9)5s(2)) D-2(3/2) and (4d(10)6s) S-2(1/2) ->(4d(10)6s) 2S(1/ 2) transitions in silver: Experiment and theory

We present angle-differential and angle-integrated cross sections for electron-impact excitation of the (4d(10)5s) S-2(1/ 2) -> (4d(9)5s(2)) D-2(3/ 2) and (4d(10)5s) S-2(1/ 2) ->(4d(10)6s) S-2(1/ 2) transitions in atomic silver. Experimental data for four incident electron energies between 10 and 60 eV are compared with predictions from our relativistic distorted wave (RDW) and nonrelativistic atomic optical potential models. Agreement between our measured and calculated data is only fair, although in the case of the RDW it is seen to improve with increasing incident electron energy. However, only for the (4d(10)6s) S-2(1/2) excitation process, agreement of our measured data with earlier relativistic convergent close coupling results from McNamara et al. [J. Phys. B 51, 085203 (2018)] was, with a few exceptions, typically observed to be very good, to within the uncertainties on the data

Electron-impact excitation of the (5s(2)5p) P-2(1/2) -> (5s(2)6s) S-2(1/2) transition in indium: Theory and experiment

We present angle-integrated and angle-differential cross sections for electron-impact excitation of the (5s(2)5p) P-2(1/2) -> (5s(2)6s) S-2(1/2) transition in atomic indium. Experimental data for six incident electron energies between 10 and 100 eV are compared with predictions from semirelativistic and fully relativistic B-spline R-matrix calculations, as well as a fully relativistic convergent close-coupling model. Agreement between our measured and calculated data is, with a few exceptions, found to be typically very good. Additionally, the agreement between the present theoretical predictions is generally excellent, with the remaining small deviations being associated with the slightly different, although still very accurate, descriptions of the target structure. Agreement between the present results and an earlier relativistic distorted-wave computation [T. Das, R. Srivastava, and A. D. Stauffer, Phys. Lett. A 375, 568 (2011)] was, however, found to be marginal, particularly at 10 and 20 eV

Electron-impact excitation of the (5s25p) P1/2 2 (5s26s) S1/2 2 transition in indium: Theory and experiment

We present angle-integrated and angle-differential cross sections for electron-impact excitation of the (5s25p) 2 P1/2 -> (5s26s) 2 S1/2 transition in atomic indium. Experimental data for six incident electron energies between 10 and 100 eV are compared with predictions from semirelativistic and fully relativistic B-spline R-matrix calculations, as well as a fully relativistic convergent close-coupling model. Agreement between our measured and calculated data is, with a few exceptions, found to be typically very good. Additionally, the agreement between the present theoretical predictions is generally excellent, with the remaining small deviations being associated with the slightly different, although still very accurate, descriptions of the target structure. Agreement between the present results and an earlier relativistic distorted-wave computation.The work of K.R.H., O.Z., and K.B. was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grants No. OAC1834740 and No. PHY-1803844, and by the XSEDE supercomputer allocation Grant No. PHY-090031. The (D)BSR calculations were carried out on Stampede2 at the Texas Advanced Computing Center. The work of D.V.F. and I.B. was supported by the Australian Research Council and resources provided by the Pawsey Supercomputing Centre with funding from the Australian Government and the Government of Western Australia. F.B. and G.G. acknowledge partial financial support from the Spanish Ministry MICIU (Project No. PID2019-104727RB-C21) and CSIC (Project No. LINKA20085). This work was also financially supported, in part, by the Australian Research Council (Project No. DP180101655), the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia, and the Institute of Physics (Belgrade

Application of Fourier-Padé Approximation in Analysis οf Holographic Photonic Crystal Structures

In this paper a method based on the Fourier transform and Padé approximants is investigated for analysis of holographic photonic crystal structures fabricated in Laboratory for Photonics, Institute of Physics, Belgrade. Padé approximants are numerical tool that can be used to accelerate the convergence of a slowly converging sequence

Measurement of Beet Root Extract Fluorescence Using TR-LIF Technique

Laser induced fluorescence is a powerful spectroscopic technique commonly used to study the structure and internal state distributions in molecules of biological interest. Betanin $(C_{24}H_{26}N_{2}O_{13})$ is a specific violet betacyanin and the most prominent pigment in the red beet root where it contributes to 75-95% of the total visible color. Our method of excitation of the beet root extract is based on the tunable (320 nm to 475 nm) Nd:YAG laser system. Fluorescence images of beet root extract excited at 320, 340, 360 and 400 nm were obtained. The fluorescence is observed in range from 580 nm to 660 nm. The influence of the solution concentrations on the fluorescence intensity is also analyzed

Measurement of Beet Root Extract Fluorescence Using TR-LIF Technique

Laser induced fluorescence is a powerful spectroscopic technique commonly used to study the structure and internal state distributions in molecules of biological interest. Betanin $(C_{24}H_{26}N_{2}O_{13})$ is a specific violet betacyanin and the most prominent pigment in the red beet root where it contributes to 75-95% of the total visible color. Our method of excitation of the beet root extract is based on the tunable (320 nm to 475 nm) Nd:YAG laser system. Fluorescence images of beet root extract excited at 320, 340, 360 and 400 nm were obtained. The fluorescence is observed in range from 580 nm to 660 nm. The influence of the solution concentrations on the fluorescence intensity is also analyzed

Market microstructure study on seven US stock exchanges: panel vs. VAR methodology

This article questions the validity of regression models when high correlations exist between independent variables and presents the application of VAR as an alternative technique through the comparison of two groups of selected stocks that represent components of Dow Jones and S&P 500 indices, respectively. The results indicate that panel regressions face serious specification problems, while the impulse response function underlines that the shock to the volume innovation has a mostly positive impact on the volatility in both S&P and Dow Jones sample, but the tendency cannot be easily accounted for. The positive impact of volatility shocks on the inter market depth is rather unexpected, but it may be associated with an increase in volume that does not enormously enhance the spread up to the point where it will be too costly for market-makers to trade, and accordingly, quickly narrows the spread to absorb new liquidity influx in the market. In the Granger causality tests Dow Jones stocks with comparatively larger average volume depth values and price levels provide slightly stronger relations between analyzed variables compared to the stocks included in the S&P sample

Orange-Reddish Light Emitting Phosphor GdVO4:Sm3+ Prepared by Solution Combustion Synthesis

The gadolinium vanadate doped with samarium (GdVO4:Sm3+) nanopowder was prepared by the solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method. After synthesis, in order to achieve the full crystallinity, the material was annealed in air atmosphere at 900°C. Phase identification in the postannealed powder samples was performed by X-ray diffraction, and morphology was investigated by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Photoluminescence characterization of the emission spectrum and time-resolved analysis have been performed using the tunable laser optical parametric oscillator excitation and the streak camera. Several strong emission bands in the Sm3+ emission spectrum were observed, located at 567 nm (4G5/2–6H5/2), 604 nm (4G5/2–6H7/2), and 646 (654) nm (4G5/2–6H9/2), respectively. The weak emission bands at 533 nm (4F3/2–6H5/2) and 706 nm (4G5/2–6H11/2) and a weak broad luminescence emission band of VO43− were also observed by the detection system. We analyzed the possibility of using the host luminescence for two-color temperature sensing. The proposed method is improved by introducing the temporal dependence in the line intensity ratio measurements