PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE TEAMS GAMES TOURNAMENT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS IV SDN 102081 MANGGA DUA

This study aims to determine the influence of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model on the learning outcomes of Mathematics students in grade IV of SDN 102081 Mangga Dua for the 2024/2025 academic year. This research is based on low test results. This type of research is quantitative research. The type of sample used in this study was saturated sampling. The research sample used is grade IV students totaling 30 students who are also the population of this study. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that there was an influence of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model on the learning outcomes of Grade IV students of SDN 102081 Mangga Dua from a correlation coefficient test of  that is then it was concluded that the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted, where there was a positive and significant influence between the use of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model on the Mathematics learning outcomes of grade IV students, judging from the results of the t-test where  that is , then Ha is accepted. Meanwhile, based on the calculation of the value of the determination coefficient obtained an R Square value of 0.957. This shows that there is a significant positive influence between the use of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) learning model on the learning outcomes of Mathematics students in grade IV of SDN 102081 Mangga Dua for the 2024/2025 academic year

Lower rate of preeclampsia after antioxidant supplementation in pregnant women with low antioxidant status.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate maternal and neonatal outcomes after antioxidant supplementation relatively early in pregnancy (8 to 12 weeks) for pregnant women with low antioxidant status. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of daily antioxidant supplementation was performed on pregnant women screening positive for low antioxidant status at 8 to 12 weeks of gestation. Low antioxidant status was defined as a superoxidedismutase (SOD) level below 1102 U/g Hb or 164 U/mL. The supplementation group received the following antioxidants daily: vitamins A (1000 IU), B6 (2.2 mg), B12 (2.2 microg), C (200 mg), and E (400 IU), folic acid (400 microg), N-acetylcysteine (200 mg), Cu (2 mg), Zn (15 mg), Mn (0.5 mg), Fe (30 mg), calcium (800 mg), and selenium (100 microg). The control group received Fe (30 mg) and folic acid (400 microg). Maternal (preeclampsia, abortion, and hypertension) and perinatal outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: In the supplementation group (29 subjects), we observed 2 cases of preeclampsia (6.8%, 1 mild and 1 severe), 1 of IUGR (birth weight 2300 g at 38 weeks), and 1 preterm delivery. In the control group (31 subjects), there were 8 abortions, 9 cases of preeclampsia (29%, 6 mild and 3 severe) with perinatal outcome: 3 preterm delivery cases and 1 IUGR (birth weight 2030 g at 39 weeks). Preeclampsia was significantly less frequent in the supplementation group when compared to the control group (2 vs. 9 cases, p = 0.043, OR = 0.18 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.92]). Finally we focused on the prediction of preeclampsia at 8 to 12 weeks. Combined sensitivity of markers of antioxidant status (SOD slutathione peroxidase, [GPx], and total anti-oxidant status [TAS]) was 33% (false-positive rate of 4.5%). CONCLUSION: Antioxidant supplementation was associated with better maternal and perinatal outcome in pregnant women with low antioxidant status than control supplementation with iron and folate alone. In a selected population already screened positive for low SOD, preeclampsia can be detected in 33% of asymptomatic cases in the first trimester using SOD, GPx, and TAS. It seems feasible that panels of both biochemical and molecular markers may be clinically useful in the prediction of this disease