399 research outputs found
The composing process of technical writers: A preliminary study
The assumption that technical writers compose as do other writers is tested. The literature on the composing process, not limited to the pure or applied sciences, was reviewed, yielding three areas of general agreement. The composing process (1) consists of several stages, (2) is reflexive, and (3) may be mastered by means of strategies. Data on the ways technical writers compose were collected, and findings were related to the three areas of agreement. Questionnaires and interviews surveying 70 writers were used. The disciplines represented by these writers included civil, chemical, agricultural, geological, mechanical, electrical, and petroleum engineering, chemistry, hydrology, geology, and biology. Those providing consulting services, or performing research. No technical editors or professional writers were surveyed, only technicians, engineers, and researchers whose jobs involved composing reports. Three pedagogical implications are included
Modelling a suspended nanotube oscillator
We present a general study of oscillations in suspended one-dimensional
elastic systems clamped at each end, exploring a wide range of slack (excess
length) and downward external forces. Our results apply directly to recent
experiments in nanotube and silicon nanowire oscillators. We find the behavior
to simplify in three well-defined regimes which we present in a dimensionless
phase diagram. The frequencies of vibration of such systems are found to be
extremely sensitive to slack.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figure
Ab initio mechanical response: internal friction and structure of divacancies in silicon
This letter introduces ab initio study of the full activation-volume tensor
of crystalline defects as a means to make contact with mechanical response
experiments. We present a theoretical framework for prediction of the internal
friction associated with divacancy defects and give the first ab initio value
for this quantity in silicon. Finally, making connection with defect alignment
studies, we give the first unambiguous resolution of the debate surrounding ab
initio verification of the ground-state structure of the defect.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PR
THE WIRETAP ACT—RECONCILABLE DIFFERENCES: A FRAMEWORK FOR DETERMINING THE INTERCEPTION OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS FOLLOWING UNITED STATES V. COUNCILMAN\u27S REJECTION OF THE STORAGE/TRANSIT DICHOTOMY
THE WIRETAP ACT—RECONCILABLE DIFFERENCES: A FRAMEWORK FOR DETERMINING THE INTERCEPTION OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS FOLLOWING UNITED STATES V. COUNCILMAN\u27S REJECTION OF THE STORAGE/TRANSIT DICHOTOMY
Primal-Dual Algorithms for Deterministic Inventory Problems
Primal-Dual Algorithms for Deterministic Inventory Problem
Elastic effects of vacancies in strontium titanate: Short- and long-range strain fields, elastic dipole tensors, and chemical strain
We present a study of the local strain effects associated with vacancy
defects in strontium titanate and report the first calculations of elastic
dipole tensors and chemical strains for point defects in perovskites. The
combination of local and long-range results will enable determination of x-ray
scattering signatures that can be compared with experiments. We find that the
oxygen vacancy possesses a special property -- a highly anisotropic elastic
dipole tensor which almost vanishes upon averaging over all possible defect
orientations. Moreover, through direct comparison with experimental
measurements of chemical strain, we place constraints on the possible defects
present in oxygen-poor strontium titanate and introduce a conjecture regarding
the nature of the predominant defect in strontium-poor stoichiometries in
samples grown via pulsed laser deposition. Finally, during the review process,
we learned of recent experimental data, from strontium titanate films deposited
via molecular-beam epitaxy, that show good agreement with our calculated value
of the chemical strain associated with strontium vacancies.Comment: 14 pages, 11 figures, 4 table
Reticle management analysis for the photolithography sector of a semiconductor fabrication facility
Reticle management analysis for the photolithography sector of a semiconductor fabrication facilit
Sage Grouse Groceries: Forb Response to Piñon-Juniper Treatments
AbstractJuniper and piñon coniferous woodlands have increased 2- to 10-fold in nine ecoregions spanning the Intermountain Region of the western United States. Control of piñon-juniper woodlands by mechanical treatments and prescribed fire are commonly applied to recover sagebrush steppe rangelands. Recently, the Sage Grouse Initiative has made conifer removal a major part of its program to reestablish sagebrush habitat for sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and other species. We analyzed data sets from previous and ongoing studies across the Great Basin characterizing cover response of perennial and annual forbs that are consumed by sage grouse to mechanical, prescribed fire, and low-disturbance fuel reduction treatments. There were 11 sites in western juniper (Juniperus occidentalis Hook.) woodlands, 3 sites in singleleaf piñon (Pinus monophylla Torr. & Frém.) and Utah juniper (Juniperus osteosperma [Torr.] Little), 2 sites in Utah juniper, and 2 sites in Utah juniper and Colorado piñon (Pinus edulis Engelm). Western juniper sites were located in mountain big sagebrush (A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana) steppe associations, and the other woodlands were located in Wyoming big sagebrush (A. tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) associations. Site potential appears to be a major determinant for increasing perennial forbs consumed by sage grouse following conifer control. The cover response of perennial forbs, whether increasing (1.5- to 6-fold) or exhibiting no change, was similar regardless of conifer treatment. Annual forbs favored by sage grouse benefitted most from prescribed fire treatments with smaller increases following mechanical and fuel reduction treatments. Though forb abundance may not consistently be enhanced, mechanical and fuel reduction conifer treatments remain good preventative measures, especially in phase 1 and 2 woodlands, which, at minimum, maintain forbs on the landscape. In addition, these two conifer control measures, in the short term, are superior to prescribed fire for maintaining the essential habitat characteristics of sagebrush steppe for sage grouse
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