Application-Driven Customization of an Embedded Java Virtual Machine

Java for embedded devices is today synonym of "embeddable pseudo-Java". In order to limit their memory footprint, the embedded flavors of Java introduce incompatibilities against the standard edition, and break Java's portability rule. The application developer has to comply to specific Java APIs and incomplete runtime features. In this paper, we introduce a way to embed applications written for Java 2 Standard Edition. The applications are pre-deployed into a virtual Java execution environment, which is analyzed so that the Java virtual machine can be tailored according to the runtime needs of the system. Thus, the programmer is not enforced to comply to a particular Java environment; but conversely, the Java environment is customized according to its applications and targeted device. Experiments reveal that the customized virtual machines are comparable in size to existing static embedded Java solutions, while being more flexible and preserving Java compatibility

Classification of Construction Projects

The final publication is available at World Academy of Science via https://waset.org/Publication/classification-of-construction-projects/10001697 © 2015, This unmodified version is made available under the CC BY-SA 2.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/In order to address construction project requirements and specifications, scholars and practitioners need to establish taxonomy according to a scheme that best fits their need. While existing characterization methods are continuously being improved, new ones are devised to cover project properties which have not been previously addressed. One such method, the Project Definition Rating Index (PDRI), has received limited consideration strictly as a classification scheme. Developed by the Construction Industry Institute (CII) in 1996, the PDRI has been refined over the last two decades as a method for evaluating a project's scope definition completeness during front-end planning (FEP). The main contribution of this study is a review of practical project classification methods, and a discussion of how PDRI can be used to classify projects based on their readiness in the FEP phase. The proposed model has been applied to 59 construction projects in Ontario, and the results are discussed

Romization: Early Deployment and Customization of Java Systems for Constrained Devices

Memory is one of the scarcest resource of embedded and constrained devices. This paper studies the memory footprint benefit of pre-deploying embedded Java systems up to their activation using romization. We find out that the more the system is deployed o#-board, the more it can be e#ciently and automatically customized in order to reduce its final size. This claim is validated experimentally through the production of memory images that are between 10% and 45% the size of their J2ME CLDC counterparts, while using the J2SE API and being ready-to-run without any further on-board initialization. Embedded solutions like J2ME degrade the Java environment and API right from their specification, limiting their usage perspectives. By contrast, our romization scheme generates and specializes a custom-tailored Java API for embedded applications deployed in a full-fledged J2SE environment

The focus on usability in testing practices in industry

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