Sample Cleanup Procedure for Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds in Complex Matrices

This paper describes a procedure for fractionating polynuclear aromatic compounds (PNAs) from complex matrices according to number of aromatic rings. The procedure uses cartridges packed with amino polar bonded phase packing materials to achieve chromatographic separation of the polynuclear aromatic compounds. Data are provided demonstrating the applicability of the approach for isolating PNAs from complex matrices. This procedure is compared to a fairly well-known solvent extraction scheme for the isolation of PNAs. Finally, the utility of the approach is further demonstrated by applying the method to an extract of air particulate sample acquired from an oil refinery in the Lake Charles, LA, area. © 1986, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved

Sample cleanup procedure for polynuclear aromatic compounds in complex matrixes

This paper describes a procedure for fractionating polynuclear aromatic compounds (PNAs) from complex matrices according to number of aromatic rings. The procedure uses cartridges packed with amino polar bonded phase packing materials to achieve chromatographic separation of the polynuclear aromatic compounds. Data are provided demonstrating the applicability of the approach for isolating PNAs from complex matrices. This procedure is compared to a fairly well-known solvent extraction scheme for the isolation of PNAs. Finally, the utility of the approach is further demonstrated by applying the method to an extract of air particulate sample acquired from an oil refinery in the Lake Charles, LA, area. © 1986, American Chemical Society. All rights reserved

Sample Cleanup Procedure for Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds in Complex Matrices

This paper describes a procedure for fractionating polynuclear aromatic compounds (PNAs) from complex matrices according to number of aromatic rings. The procedure uses cartridges packed with amino polar bonded phase packing materials to achieve chromatographic separation of the polynuclear aromatic compounds. Data are provided demonstrating the applicability of the approach for isolating PNAs from complex matrices. This procedure is compared to a fairly well-known solvent extraction scheme for the isolation of PNAs. Finally, the utility of the approach is further demonstrated by applying the method to an extract of air particulate sample acquired from an oil refinery in the Lake Charles, LA, area

Survey of Polynuclear Aromatic Compounds in Oil Refining Areas

Air samples in and around refinery areas were collected over a 3-year period. The results of the analysis for polynuclear aromatic compounds listed as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency are presented. The particulate matters in the air were collected on glass fiber filters using high volume samplers. These samples were later Soxhlet extracted with cyclohexane, and then extracted with DMSO/pentane for isolation of the polynuclear aromatic compounds. These extracts were then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for specified polynuclear aromatic compounds. It was found that much higher concentrations of these aromatic compounds were found in one refinery compared to another one. In general, the number of these priority pollutants detected and their concentrations were higher in sites inside the refineries relative to a site outside the refineries

Triatomic Method for Correlation of Retention of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Normal Phase HPLC

A triatomic additivity method for correlating retention indices of polynuclear aromatic compounds on nitrogen-containing polar bonded phase in normal phase high performance liquid chromatography is described. The method of trigonal additivity shows good correlation with all the four amino bonded phases studied and compares favorably with the well known connectivity index of Randic

Triatomic method for correlation of retention of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons on normal phase HPLC

A triatomic additivity method for correlating retention indices of polynuclear aromatic compounds on nitrogen-containing polar bonded phase in normal phase high performance liquid chromatography is described. The method of trigonal additivity shows good correlation with all the four amino bonded phases studied and compares favorably with the well known connectivity index of Randic. © 1986, Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. All rights reserved

Survey of polynuclear aromatic compounds in oil refining areas

Air samples in and around refinery areas were collected over a 3-year period. The results of the analysis for polynuclear aromatic compounds listed as priority pollutants by the United States Environmental Protection Agency are presented. The particulate matters in the air were collected on glass fiber filters using high volume samplers. These samples were later Soxhlet extracted with cyclohexane, and then extracted with DMSO/pentane for isolation of the polynuclear aromatic compounds. These extracts were then analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for specified polynuclear aromatic compounds. It was found that much higher concentrations of these aromatic compounds were found in one refinery compared to another one. In general, the number of these priority pollutants detected and their concentrations were higher in sites inside the refineries relative to a site outside the refineries. © 1987

HealthSit: designing posture-based interaction to promote exercise during fitness breaks

This research was motivated by a desire to help office workers change their sedentary behavior because a prolonged sedentary posture increases the risks of developing musculoskeletal injuries and chronic diseases, thus threatening their physical and psychological well-being. Regular breaks involving low-effort physical activities are effective in reducing the adverse impacts of inactive behaviors. In this article, we present the design of a posture-based interactive system called HealthSit, which was developed to promote a short lower-back stretching exercise during work breaks. Through a within-subject study involving 30 office workers, the effectiveness of HealthSit in facilitating the stretching exercise was examined by making comparisons between an interaction-aided, a guided, and a self-directed exercise mode. We also used HealthSit as a research probe to investigate the interactivity of the system in enhancing user experience and the psychological benefits of the fitness breaks. Compared with the other two modes, the interaction-aided exercise mode significantly improved the quality of the stretching exercise and enhanced motivation and emotional state. These results confirm the effectiveness of HealthSit in supporting fitness breaks as a new workplace technology. Based on our study, a set of design implications have been derived for technology-assisted fitness work breaks