386 research outputs found
Extracircadian dissemination as general feature of desynchronosis: from systemic to organismic level
Activities of the Medical Commission during the Prophylactic Medical Examination of Athletes
Background. Preserving the health of the population, including those involved in sports, is one of the priority directions of the state policy of the Russian Federation. In accordance with the existing legislative and regulatory framework, a system for monitoring the quality and safety of medical care is being implemented in health care institutions, which also applies to medical and physical training services. One of the levels of functioning of such a system is the activity of the medical commission. Intensive training and competitive loads make increased demands on the body and are considered a risk factor for the health of athletes, which serves as the basis for their in-depth medical examination and dispensary observation. Therefore, the primary task of the medical commission during the prophylactic medical examination of athletes is to issue an expert opinion in difficult cases regarding the training and competitive activity of persons with deviations in the state of health.The objective of the research was to study of the activities of the medical commission during the prophylactic medical examination of athletes in the conditions of a medical and physical service on the basis of a scientific analysis of the results of its work for two years.Materials and methods. We studied the medical documentation of athletes who passed the medical commission for two years (2018–2019; n = 82 and n = 81, respectively). The nature of the decisions made and the structure of their reasons were analyzed using the Pearson chi-square test with amendments.Results. The share of positive and negative decisions of the commission, as well as temporary suspension from sports by years, their statistical dependences and the strength of the connection between the results are shown. The stability of the negative conclusions of the commission, as well as the structure of their reasons, was revealed (р ˃ 0.05). At the same time, in the second year of observation, they were more often temporarily suspended from sports due to musculoskeletal system diseases and less often as a result of injuries (p < 0.05).Conclusion. The main regularities of the distribution and formation of expert decisions of the medical commission for the years under study were revealed. The necessity of its activity for the medical and physical training service during the medical examination of athletes is noted, as well as the factors that prevent this are indicated
Compromised Circadian Light Hygiene Delays Sleep and Reduces Wellbeing: Lessons From COVID‑19 Lockdown
Представлены результаты исследования, в результате которого выявлено, что снижение качества циркадной световой гигиены (уменьшение времени пребывания на улице и рост экранного времени) во время социальных ограничений и самоизоляции по поводу эпидемии COVID-19, наблюдавшееся у 60 % популяции, было взаимосвязано со смещением фазы сна на более поздние часы и сопровождалось ухудшением здоровья и благополучия респондентов.A combination of decreased outdoor light exposure with increased screen time increase (over 60 % of population) was linked with deteriorated wellbeing: lower sleep quality, quality of life, and physical activity. Altogether, poorer light hygiene during social restrictions was detrimental for sleep health and wellbeing and were associated with sleep phase (chronotype) delay. As the growing body of evidence, assigning late chronotype as the risk factor for health and wellbeing, has been accumulated, this study highlights the importance of maintaining circadian light hygiene
Reversing non-local transport through a superconductor by electromagnetic excitations
Superconductors connected to normal metallic electrodes at the nanoscale
provide a potential source of non-locally entangled electron pairs. Such states
would arise from Cooper pairs splitting into two electrons with opposite spins
tunnelling into different leads. In an actual system the detection of these
processes is hindered by the elastic transmission of individual electrons
between the leads, yielding an opposite contribution to the non-local
conductance. Here we show that electromagnetic excitations on the
superconductor can play an important role in altering the balance between these
two processes, leading to a dominance of one upon the other depending on the
spatial symmetry of these excitations. These findings allow to understand some
intriguing recent experimental results and open the possibility to control
non-local transport through a superconductor by an appropriate design of the
experimental geometry.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Using amplitude-phase parameters of circadian rhythms as diagnostic markers of carbohydrate metabolism disorders
BACKGROUND: With the development of visceral obesity, against the background of insulin resistance (IR), lipo- and glucose toxicity in tissues progresses, which disrupts the metabolic balance of the body, and is the main factor in the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). To date, a growing number of publications highlighting the role of circadian rhythms in the control of gluconeogenesis and lipogenesis. In the context of the development of DM2, the process of rhythm mismatch (desynchronosis) is increasingly mentioned, for the diagnosis of which the calculation of amplitude-phase parameters is used. Thus, the study of circadian rhythm disturbances using amplitude-phase parameters and factors influencing them is of particular interest in individuals with visceral obesity and prediabetes, since the data obtained can be used as markers for preclinical diagnosis of DM2.AIM: To identify significant differences in the parameters (amplitude, acrophase) of circadian rhythms (fasting glycemia, basal body temperature, heart rate) as markers of desynchronosis in groups without carbohydrate metabolism disorders, but with the presence of visceral obesity, prediabetes (impaired fasting glycemia, impaired glucose tolerance test) and DM2 and obesity.MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in individuals with visceral obesity, as well as the presence of prediabetes or DM2, with a disease experience of not more than 5 years.In accordance with the study design, every 3 hours during the day, the participants made self-measurements of blood glucose at home (using individual glucometers), basal body temperature (BTT) in the armpit (using a mercury thermometer) and heart rate (HR) ( with the help of an electronic tonometer), with the fixation of the results in self-control diaries. To assess the reliability of the circadian rhythms of the studied indicators, the interpretation of chronobiological parameters (MESORa-Midline Estimating Statistic of Rhytm; amplitude; acrophase) was carried out using a single сosinor analysis.RESULTS: Of the 120 study participants, 73% were women and 27% were men. Mean age of participants was 58.6[52.2;56.7] years, BMI 31.3[29.7;33.9] and presence of visceral obesity WC 100 [93.8;104.7]. When conducting cosinor analysis, the daily rhythms of physiological indicators of fasting glycemia, BTT and heart rate differ from normal already in the group with visceral obesity without carbohydrate metabolism disorders and prediabetes, in the form of a decrease in the amplitude of daily rhythms (p<0.001), with a shift in their acrophases (p <0.001), no dynamics of night BBT decrease (р<0.001).CONCLUSION: Integral amplitude-phase parameters of circadian rhythms of physiological parameters (fasting glycemia, basal body temperature, heart rate), as markers of desynchronosis, can be used in the presence of visceral obesity for preclinical diagnosis of prediabetes and DM2, which will have a preventive focus. This method of chronodiagnostics can be useful in health and prevention centers for people at risk of developing DM2
Final-state interaction phase difference in and decays
It is shown that the study of the interference pattern in the
decay provides the evidence
for the large (nearly ) relative phase between the one-photon and the
three-gluon decay amplitudes.Comment: 5 pages, revtex, \tightenlines, a version published in Phys. Rev. D
61, 117504 (2000
Effects of habitat and land use on breeding season density of male Asian Houbara Chlamydotis macqueenii
Landscape-scale habitat and land-use influences on Asian Houbara Chlamydotis macqueenii (IUCN Vulnerable) remain unstudied, while estimating numbers of this cryptic, low-density, over-hunted species is challenging. In spring 2013, male houbara were recorded at 231 point counts, conducted twice, across a gradient of sheep density and shrub assemblages within 14,300 km² of the Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan. Four sets of models related male abundance to: (1) vegetation structure (shrub height and substrate); (2) shrub assemblage; (3) shrub species composition (multidimensional scaling); (4) remote-sensed derived land-cover (GLOBCOVER, 4 variables). Each set also incorporated measures of landscape rugosity and sheep density. For each set, multi-model inference was applied to generalised linear mixed models of visit-specific counts that included important detectability covariates and point ID as a random effect. Vegetation structure received strongest support, followed by shrub species composition and shrub assemblage, with weakest support for the GLOBCOVER model set. Male houbara numbers were greater with lower mean shrub height, more gravel and flatter surfaces, but were unaffected by sheep density. Male density (mean 0.14 km-2, 95% CI, 0.12‒0.15) estimated by distance analysis differed substantially among shrub assemblages, being highest in vegetation dominated by Salsola rigida (0.22 [CI, 0.20‒0.25]), high in areas of S. arbuscula and Astragalus (0.14 [CI, 0.13‒0.16] and 0.15 [CI, 0.14‒0.17] respectively), lower (0.09 [CI, 0.08‒0.10]) in Artemisia and lowest (0.04 [CI, 0.04‒0.05]) in Calligonum. The study area was estimated to hold 1,824 males (CI: 1,645‒2,030). The spatial distribution of relative male houbara abundance, predicted from vegetation structure models, had the strongest correspondence with observed numbers in both model-calibration and the subsequent year’s data. We found no effect of pastoralism on male distribution but potential effects on nesting females are unknown. Density differences among shrub communities suggest extrapolation to estimate country- or range-wide population size must take account of vegetation composition
Search for the scalar and mesons in the reactions
It is shown that the reactions give a good
chance for observing scalar and mesons. In the photon energy region
less then 100 MeV the vector meson contributions are negligible in comparison with the scalar
mesons for
greater than
. Using two-channel treatment of the
scattering the predictions for
are derived. The four quark model, the model of molecule and
the model of scalar and mesons are discussed.Comment: 31 pages, 10 ps files of figures, minor numerical changes, Appendix
corrected, to be published in Phys.Rev.
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