1,932 research outputs found
Relativistic central--field Green's functions for the RATIP package
From perturbation theory, Green's functions are known for providing a simple
and convenient access to the (complete) spectrum of atoms and ions. Having
these functions available, they may help carry out perturbation expansions to
any order beyond the first one. For most realistic potentials, however, the
Green's functions need to be calculated numerically since an analytic form is
known only for free electrons or for their motion in a pure Coulomb field.
Therefore, in order to facilitate the use of Green's functions also for atoms
and ions other than the hydrogen--like ions, here we provide an extension to
the Ratip program which supports the computation of relativistic
(one--electron) Green's functions in an -- arbitrarily given -- central--field
potential \rV(r). Different computational modes have been implemented to
define these effective potentials and to generate the radial Green's functions
for all bound--state energies . In addition, care has been taken to
provide a user--friendly component of the Ratip package by utilizing features
of the Fortran 90/95 standard such as data structures, allocatable arrays, or a
module--oriented design.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figur
Compton scattering of twisted light: angular distribution and polarization of scattered photons
Compton scattering of twisted photons is investigated within a
non-relativistic framework using first-order perturbation theory. We formulate
the problem in the density matrix theory, which enables one to gain new
insights into scattering processes of twisted particles by exploiting the
symmetries of the system. In particular, we analyze how the angular
distribution and polarization of the scattered photons are affected by the
parameters of the initial beam such as the opening angle and the projection of
orbital angular momentum. We present analytical and numerical results for the
angular distribution and the polarization of Compton scattered photons for
initially twisted light and compare them with the standard case of plane-wave
light
Multipartite W states for chains of atoms conveyed through an optical cavity
We propose and work out a scheme to generate the entangled W states for a
chain of N four-level atoms which are transported through an optical cavity by
means of an optical lattice. This scheme is based on the combined laser-cavity
mediated interaction between distant and equally separated atoms and works in a
completely deterministic way for qubits encoded by two hyperfine levels of the
atoms. Only two parameters, namely the distance between the atoms and the
velocity of the chain, determine the effective interaction among the atoms and,
therefore, the degree of entanglement that is obtained for the overall chain of
N qubits. In particular, we work out the parameter regions for which the W
states are generated most reliably for chains of N = 2,3,4 and 5 atoms. In
addition, we analyze the sensitivity in the formation of entanglement for such
chains of qubits due to uncertainties produced by the oscillations of atoms in
optical lattices.Comment: 12 pages, revised version accepted in PR
Monte-Carlo approach to calculate the proton stopping in warm dense matter within particle-in-cell simulations
A Monte-Carlo approach to proton stopping in warm dense matter is implemented
into an existing particle-in-cell code. The model is based on multiple
binary-collisions among electron-electron, electron-ion and ion-ion, taking
into account contributions from both free and bound electrons, and allows to
calculate particle stopping in much more natural manner. At low temperature
limit, when ``all'' electron are bounded at the nucleus, the stopping power
converges to the predictions of Bethe-Bloch theory, which shows good
consistency with data provided by the NIST. With the rising of temperatures,
more and more bound electron are ionized, thus giving rise to an increased
stopping power to cold matter, which is consistent with the report of a
recently experimental measurement [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 215002 (2015)]. When
temperature is further increased, with ionizations reaching the maximum,
lowered stopping power is observed, which is due to the suppression of
collision frequency between projected proton beam and hot plasmas in the
target.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure
Monte-Carlo approach to calculate the ionization of warm dense matter within particle-in-cell simulations
A physical model based on a Monte-Carlo approach is proposed to calculate the
ionization dynam- ics of warm dense matters (WDM) within particle-in-cell
simulations, and where the impact (col- lision) ionization (CI), electron-ion
recombination (RE) and ionization potential depression (IPD) by surrounding
plasmas are taken into consideration self-consistently. When compared with
other models, which are applied in the literature for plasmas near thermal
equilibrium, the temporal re- laxation of ionization dynamics can also be
simulated by the proposed model. Besides, this model is general and can be
applied for both single elements and alloys with quite different composi-
tions. The proposed model is implemented into a particle-in-cell (PIC) code,
with (final) ionization equilibriums sustained by competitions between CI and
its inverse process (i.e., RE). Comparisons between the full model and model
without IPD or RE are performed. Our results indicate that for bulk aluminium
in the WDM regime, i) the averaged ionization degree increases by including
IPD; while ii) the averaged ionization degree is significantly over estimated
when the RE is neglected. A direct comparison from the PIC code is made with
the existing models for the dependence of averaged ionization degree on thermal
equilibrium temperatures, and shows good agreements with that generated from
Saha-Boltzmann model or/and FLYCHK code.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Scattering of twisted relativistic electrons by atoms
The Mott scattering of high-energetic twisted electrons by atoms is
investigated within the framework of the first Born approximation and Dirac's
relativistic equation. Special emphasis is placed on the angular distribution
and longitudinal polarization of the scattered electrons. In order to evaluate
these angular and polarization properties we consider two experimental setups
in which the twisted electron beam collides with either a single well-localized
atom or macroscopic atomic target. Detailed relativistic calculations have been
performed for both setups and for the electrons with kinetic energy from 10 keV
to 1000 keV. The results of these calculations indicate that the emission
pattern and polarization of outgoing electrons differ significantly from the
scattering of plane-wave electrons and can be very sensitive to the parameters
of the incident twisted beam. In particular, it is shown that the angular- and
polarization-sensitive Mott measurements may reveal valuable information about,
both the transverse and longitudinal components of the linear momentum and the
projection of the total angular momentum of twisted electron states. Thus, the
Mott scattering emerges as a diagnostic tool for the relativistic vortex beams.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure
Electron-ion recombination of Si IV forming Si III: Storage-ring measurement and multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations
The electron-ion recombination rate coefficient for Si IV forming Si III was
measured at the heavy-ion storage-ring TSR. The experimental electron-ion
collision energy range of 0-186 eV encompassed the 2p(6) nl n'l' dielectronic
recombination (DR) resonances associated with 3s to nl core excitations, 2s
2p(6) 3s nl n'l' resonances associated with 2s to nl (n=3,4) core excitations,
and 2p(5) 3s nl n'l' resonances associated with 2p to nl (n=3,...,infinity)
core excitations. The experimental DR results are compared with theoretical
calculations using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock (MCDF) method for DR via
the 3s to 3p n'l' and 3s to 3d n'l' (both n'=3,...,6) and 2p(5) 3s 3l n'l'
(n'=3,4) capture channels. Finally, the experimental and theoretical plasma DR
rate coefficients for Si IV forming Si III are derived and compared with
previously available results.Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Physical
Review
Reverse-domain superconductivity in superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids: effect of a vortex-free channel on the symmetry of I-V characteristics
We demonstrate experimentally that the presence of a single domain wall in an
underlying ferromagnetic BaFe_{12}O_{19} substrate can induce a considerable
asymmetry in the current (I) - voltage (V) characteristics of a superconducting
Al bridge. The observed diode-like effect, i.e. polarity-dependent critical
current, is associated with the formation of a vortex-free channel inside the
superconducting area which increases the total current flowing through the
superconducting bridge without dissipation. The vortex-free region appears only
for a certain sign of the injected current and for a limited range of the
external magnetic field
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