1,653 research outputs found
Ga NMR study of the local susceptibility in SrCr8Ga4O19: pseudogap and paramagnetic defects
We present the first Ga(4f) NMR study of the Cr susceptibility in the
archetype of Kagome based frustrated antiferromagnets,
SrCrGaO. Our major finding is that the susceptibility of the
frustrated lattice goes through a maximum around 50 K. Our data also supports
the existence of paramagnetic ``clusters'' of spins, responsible for the Curie
behavior observed in the macroscopic susceptibility at low T. These results set
novel features for the constantly debated physics of geometrically frustrated
magnets.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let
Dynamics of coupled quantum spin chains
Static and dynamical properties of weakly coupled antiferromagnetic spin
chains are treated using a mean--field approximation for the interchain
coupling and exact results for the resulting effective one--dimensional
problem. Results for staggered magnetization, N\'eel temperature and spin wave
excitations are in agreement with experiments on . The existence of
a narrow longitudinal mode is predicted. The results are in agreement with
general scaling arguments, contrary to spin wave theory.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX 3.0, uuencoded file, some refs adde
A framework for power analysis using a structural equation modelling procedure
BACKGROUND: This paper demonstrates how structural equation modelling (SEM) can be used as a tool to aid in carrying out power analyses. For many complex multivariate designs that are increasingly being employed, power analyses can be difficult to carry out, because the software available lacks sufficient flexibility. Satorra and Saris developed a method for estimating the power of the likelihood ratio test for structural equation models. Whilst the Satorra and Saris approach is familiar to researchers who use the structural equation modelling approach, it is less well known amongst other researchers. The SEM approach can be equivalent to other multivariate statistical tests, and therefore the Satorra and Saris approach to power analysis can be used. METHODS: The covariance matrix, along with a vector of means, relating to the alternative hypothesis is generated. This represents the hypothesised population effects. A model (representing the null hypothesis) is then tested in a structural equation model, using the population parameters as input. An analysis based on the chi-square of this model can provide estimates of the sample size required for different levels of power to reject the null hypothesis. CONCLUSIONS: The SEM based power analysis approach may prove useful for researchers designing research in the health and medical spheres
Properties of a classical spin liquid: the Heisenberg pyrochlore antiferromagnet
We study the low-temperature behaviour of the classical Heisenberg
antiferromagnet with nearest neighbour interactions on the pyrochlore lattice.
Because of geometrical frustration, the ground state of this model has an
extensive number of degrees of freedom. We show, by analysing the effects of
small fluctuations around the ground-state manifold, and from the results of
Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics simulations, that the system is disordered
at all temperatures, T, and has a finite relaxation time, which varies as 1/T
for small T.Comment: 4 pages revtex; 3 figures automatically include
Quantum transport through a DNA wire in a dissipative environment
Electronic transport through DNA wires in the presence of a strong
dissipative environment is investigated. We show that new bath-induced
electronic states are formed within the bandgap. These states show up in the
linear conductance spectrum as a temperature dependent background and lead to a
crossover from tunneling to thermal activated behavior with increasing
temperature. Depending on the strength of the electron-bath coupling, the
conductance at the Fermi level can show a weak exponential or even an algebraic
length dependence. Our results suggest a new environmental-induced transport
mechanism. This might be relevant for the understanding of molecular conduction
experiments in liquid solution, like those recently performed on poly(GC)
oligomers in a water buffer (B. Xu et al., Nano Lett 4, 1105 (2004)).Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Disorder, inhomogeneity and spin dynamics in f-electron non-Fermi liquid systems
Muon spin rotation and relaxation (SR) experiments have yielded evidence
that structural disorder is an important factor in many f-electron-based
non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) systems. Disorder-driven mechanisms for NFL behaviour
are suggested by the observed broad and strongly temperature-dependent SR
(and NMR) linewidths in several NFL compounds and alloys. Local disorder-driven
theories (Kondo disorder, Griffiths-McCoy singularity) are, however, not
capable of describing the time-field scaling seen in muon spin relaxation
experiments, which suggest cooperative and critical spin fluctuations rather
than a distribution of local fluctuation rates. A strong empirical correlation
is established between electronic disorder and slow spin fluctuations in NFL
materialsComment: 24 pages, 15 figures, submitted to J. Phys.: Condens. Matte
Thermal conductivity and specific heat of the linear chain cuprate SrCuO: Evidence for thermal transport via spinons
We report measurements of the specific heat and the thermal conductivity of
the model Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain cuprate SrCuO at low
temperatures. In addition to a nearly isotropic phonon heat transport, we find
a quasi one-dimensional excess thermal conductivity along the chain direction,
most likely associated with spin excitations (spinons). The spinon energy
current is limited mainly by scattering on defects and phonons. Analyzing the
specific heat data, the intrachain magnetic exchange is estimated to
be 2650 K.Comment: 4 RevTeX pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Magneto-thermodynamics of the spin-1/2 Kagome antiferromagnet
In this paper, we use a new hybrid method to compute the thermodynamic
behavior of the spin-1/2 Kagome antiferromagnet under the influence of a large
external magnetic field. We find a T^2 low-temperature behavior and a very low
sensitivity of the specific heat to a strong external magnetic field. We
display clear evidence that this low temperature magneto-thermal effect is
associated to the existence of low-lying fluctuating singlets, but also that
the whole picture (T^2 behavior of Cv and thermally activated spin
susceptibility) implies contribution of both non magnetic and magnetic
excitations. Comparison with experiments is made.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX 2.09 and RevTeX with 3 figures embedded in the text.
Version to appear in Phys. Rev. Let
Left ventricular non-compaction: clinical features and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Background: It is apparent that despite lack of family history, patients with the morphological characteristics of left ventricular non-compaction develop arrhythmias, thrombo-embolism and left ventricular dysfunction. METHODS: Forty two patients, aged 48.7 +/- 2.3 yrs (mean +/- SEM) underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) for the quantification of left ventricular volumes and extent of non-compacted (NC) myocardium. The latter was quantified using planimetry on the two-chamber long axis LV view (NC area). The patients included those referred specifically for CMR to investigate suspected cardiomyopathy, and as such is represents a selected group of patients. RESULTS: At presentation, 50% had dyspnoea, 19% chest pain, 14% palpitations and 5% stroke. Pulmonary embolism had occurred in 7% and brachial artery embolism in 2%. The ECG was abnormal in 81% and atrial fibrillation occurred in 29%. Transthoracic echocardiograms showed features of NC in only 10%. On CMR, patients who presented with dyspnoea had greater left ventricular volumes (both p < 0.0001) and a lower left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (p < 0.0001) than age-matched, healthy controls. In patients without dyspnoea (n = 21), NC area correlated positively with end-diastolic volume (r = 0.52, p = 0.0184) and end-systolic volume (r = 0.56, p = 0.0095), and negatively with EF (r = -0.72, p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Left ventricular non-compaction is associated with dysrrhythmias, thromboembolic events, chest pain and LV dysfunction. The inverse correlation between NC area and EF suggests that NC contributes to left ventricular dysfunction
Less than 50% sublattice polarization in an insulating S=3/2 kagome' antiferromagnet at low T
We have found weak long range antiferromagnetic order in the
quasi-two-dimensional insulating oxide which contains
Cr S=3/2 ions on a kagom\'{e} lattice. In a sample with 76%
occupancy of the chromium sites the ordered moment is 1.1(3) per
chromium ion which is only one third of the N\'{e}el value .
The magnetic unit cell equals the chemical unit cell, a situation which is
favored by inter-plane interactions. Gapless quantum spin-fluctuations
(T_NS(Q,\omega)$ in the ordered
phase.Comment: 18 pages, RevTex/Latex, with 6 figure
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