В пошуках нових пояснювальних моделей поведінки споживача

Explanatory possibilities of theoretical economics for the behavior of the modern consumer and its changes during the COVID-19 pandemic are used. Transformations of needs and priorities of consumers are revealed on the basis of statistical observations of structural changes in expenses of domestic households. Systemic changes in consumer behavior under the introduction of quarantine restrictions have been identified and assumptions have been made about changing the consumption model.Key words: consumer behavior, quarantine restrictions, consumption model, expenditure structure of Ukrainian households.Использованы объяснительные возможности теоретической экономики для поведения современного потребителя и его изменений в течение пандемии COVID-19. Обнаруженные трансформации потребностей и приоритетов потребителей на основе статистических наблюдений структурных изменений в расходах отечественных домохозяйств. Идентифицированы системные изменения в поведении потребителей при условии введения карантина и сформированы предположение об изменении модели потребления.Ключевые слова: поведение потребителя, карантин, модель потребления, структура расходов домохозяйств Украины.Використані пояснювальні можливості теоретичної економіки для поведінки сучасного споживача та її змін впродовж пандемії COVID-19. Виявлені трансформації потреб та пріоритетів споживачів на основі статистичних спостережень структурних змін у витратах вітчизняних домогосподарств. Ідентифіковані системні зміни у поведінці споживачів за умови введення карантинних обмежень та сформовані припущення про зміну моделі споживання.Ключові слова: поведінка споживача, карантинні обмеження, модель споживання, структура витрат домогосподарств України

Innovations of Minskprojectmebel for Green Growth

«Зеленый» рост означает средства стимулирования экономического роста и развития, обеспечивая при этом благополучие населения при снижении экологических рисков. Для этого он должен служить катализатором инвестиций и инноваций, которые лягут в основу устойчивого роста и приведут к возникновению новых экономических возможностей.Green growth means the means to stimulate economic growth and development, while ensuring the well-being of the population while reducing environmental risks. To do this, it must serve as a catalyst for investment and innovation, which will form the basis for sustainable growth and lead to the emergence of new economic opportunities

Structural and molecular rationale for the diversification of resistance mediated by the Antibiotic_NAT family

The environmental microbiome harbors a vast repertoire of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) which can serve as evolutionary predecessors for ARGs found in pathogenic bacteria, or can be directly mobilized to pathogens in the presence of selection pressures. Thus, ARGs from benign environmental bacteria are an important resource for understanding clinically relevant resistance. Here, we conduct a comprehensive functional analysis of the Antibiotic_NAT family of aminoglycoside acetyltransferases. We determined a pan-family antibiogram of 21 Antibiotic_NAT enzymes, including 8 derived from clinical isolates and 13 from environmental metagenomic samples. We find that environment-derived representatives confer high-level, broad-spectrum resistance, including against the atypical aminoglycoside apramycin, and that a metagenome-derived gene likely is ancestral to an aac(3) gene found in clinical isolates. Through crystallographic analysis, we rationalize the molecular basis for diversification of substrate specificity across the family. This work provides critical data on the molecular mechanism underpinning resistance to established and emergent aminoglycoside antibiotics and broadens our understanding of ARGs in the environment

Insulin resistance and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Pathogenetic and therapeutic crossroads

Insulin resistance, which is a fundamental pathogenetic factor of prediabetes, is closely associated with abdominal obesity on the one hand and the development of cardiovascular diseases, heart failure (HF), on the other. The pathogenetic role of insulin resistance is multifaceted and consists in the acceleration of atherosclerosis, the formation of left ventricular myocardial hypertrophy, including through mechanisms that do not depend on blood pressure, as well as the development of its diastolic dysfunction. The latter is the starting point for starting HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).Compared with patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, the presence of HFpEF determines a higher frequency of hospitalizations not due to decompensation of heart failure, but due to concomitant diseases, such as destabilization of the course of arterial hypertension, decompensation of type 2 diabetes mellitus, curation of which, in general, has a greater impact in terms of improving prognosis. Thus, in patients with prediabetes and HFpEF, the correction of insulin resistance as the underlying cause and trigger of cardiometabolic disorders can potentially improve not only insulin-glucose homeostasis, but also the parameters of myocardial diastolic function. This literature review is devoted to the accumulated experience of using metformin as a «strategic» antidiabetic drug in HFpEF and considering potential new points of its application as a protector of the cardiovascular system

The Role of Vesicles in Transporting of Cholera Toxin

The review reports on the secretion pathways of the main virulence factor of Vibrio cholerae, cholera toxin, both through the two-stage Sec-dependent type 2 secretion system and with the help of vesicles of the outer membrane of V. cholerae. The ways of toxin transfer into the host organism, depending on its form, are discussed. The well-studied free soluble cholera toxin is secreted extracellularly and transmitted in a GM1-dependent manner through cholesterolrich lipid rafts. The transfer of cholera toxin associated with vesicles has advantages over free toxin, because substances inside the outer membrane vesicles are protected from external proteases and host antibodies by the membrane that forms the vesicle. Vesicular transporting of cholera toxin into the target cell occurs via clathrin-dependent, caveolin-dependent and lipid raft-dependent endocytosis. The specific transport route is determined by the structure of the vesicles. Clathrindependent endocytosis is described for V. cholerae strains cultivated at low osmolarity of the medium, whose outer membrane vesicles contain the cholera toxin subunit A inside. Lipid raft-dependent endocytosis is characteristic of vesicles in which cholera toxin is located on the surface. In addition, endocytosis of V. cholerae outer membrane vesicles through structures known as caveolae is presented

Associations of changes in lipid metabolism parameters and the severity of COVID-19 infection in Novosibirsk residents

Aim. To study the associations of changes in lipid metabolism parameters and the severity of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Material and methods. This cross-sectional study included 270 patients aged 26-84 years (mean age, 53,09±13,22 years) who had COVID-19 within prior two months, which were divided into 3 groups: mild (1, n=128), moderate (2, n=128) and severe (3, n=14) COVID-19. Patients were assessed for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). In addition, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) was calculated. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS software package (version 13.0).Results. Patients with severe COVID-19 had significantly higher levels of TG and AIP compared with patients with moderate and mild course. BMI and WC were significantly higher in patients in groups 2 and 3 compared with patients in group 1. In women, BMI and AIP levels were significantly higher in the severe COVID-19 group compared to groups 1 and 2. HDL-C levels were lower in patients with severe COVID-19 compared to those with moderate disease. WHR was higher among men in group 3 compared with group 1.Conclusion. Patients with severe COVID-19 have higher BMI, WC, AIP, TG levels, and lower HD-C levels. The relative odds for severe COVID-19 are associated with increased WC, AIP, TG, and lower HDL-C

Formation of Amyloid-Like Fibrils by Y-Box Binding Protein 1 (YB-1) Is Mediated by Its Cold Shock Domain and Modulated by Disordered Terminal Domains

YB-1, a multifunctional DNA- and RNA-binding nucleocytoplasmic protein, is involved in the majority of DNA- and mRNA-dependent events in the cell. It consists of three structurally different domains: its central cold shock domain has the structure of a β-barrel, while the flanking domains are predicted to be intrinsically disordered. Recently, we showed that YB-1 is capable of forming elongated fibrils under high ionic strength conditions. Here we report that it is the cold shock domain that is responsible for formation of YB-1 fibrils, while the terminal domains differentially modulate this process depending on salt conditions. We demonstrate that YB-1 fibrils have amyloid-like features, including affinity for specific dyes and a typical X-ray diffraction pattern, and that in contrast to most of amyloids, they disassemble under nearly physiological conditions

Модели-полиады и их применение в обучении математике

Considered systems of models, called models-polyads. Components of the model-polyads are various models of a prototype object, describing the same its properties, and the exchange of information between the components of the modelpolyads occurring without distorting the information. The examples of modelspolyads, in particular, shows that in the form of models-polyads are the algebra of geometric vectors, algebra of complex numbers, etc. There are highlights the benefits of studying the objects in the form of models-polyads, and especially in the case of training, when the objects under study are presented in a models-polyads.Рассматриваются системы моделей, называемые моделями-полиадами. Компонентами модели-полиады (в частности, модели-диады, модели-триады) являются различные модели некоторого объекта- прототипа, описывающие одни и те же его особенности, причем обмен информацией между компонентами модели-полиады, происходящий без искажения этой информации. Приведены примеры моделей-полиад, в частности, показано, что в виде моделей-полиад представлены векторная алгебра, алгебра комплексных чисел и др. Выделены преимущества изучения объектов, представленных в виде моделей-полиад, и особенности обучения в случае, когда изучаемые объекты представлены в виде моделей-полиад

КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРОЦЕССА ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИИ ВОЗДУШНЫХ СУДОВ

In the conditions of contemporary world market, the maintenance process to keep the required level of aircraft serviceability in airlines should be economically efficient in relation to labour, time and material expenses. The solution of the problem can be achieved by planning and managing the activity of airlines with the aim to improve the efficiency of civil aircraft maintenance process. Planning and implementation of activities for process improvement of aircraft maintenance efficiency in particular such factors as aircraft (A/C) reliability and safety, flight regularity and A/C timewise operation efficiency, A/C intensities and economy require collaboration and interaction of developer, manufacturer and operator. This work proves the need to develop the planning and performance technology of actions related to the airlines activity allowing step by step according to developer, manufacturer and operator activities to establish the cooperation and influence on aircraft serviceability, thereby increasing the maintenance process by all possible managing actions. The complex technology to improve the efficiency of aircraft maintenance process including activities on “A/C Reliability”, “Technology”, “Personnel”, “Equipment”, “Materials” has been developed with the aim to increase the A/C fleet serviceability level. The complex technology is represented as a route technology with brief description of destinations in the route chart with input/output indications at each stage.The advantages of complex technology application are shown in the example of improving one of the efficiency measures in aircraft maintenance process.В условиях современного мирового рынка процесс технической эксплуатации для поддержания требуемого уровня исправности парка воздушных судов в авиакомпаниях должен быть экономически выгодным в отношении трудовых, временных и материальных затрат. Решение данной задачи может быть достигнуто путем планирования и управления деятельностью авиапредприятий с целью повышения эффективности процесса технической эксплуатации воздушных судов гражданской авиации. Планирование и осуществление мероприятий, связанных с деятельностью авиапредприятий по улучшению показателей безотказности авиационной техники, безопасности и регулярности полетов, интенсивности использования воздушных судов и экономичности их процесса технической эксплуатации, требует организации совместной работы и взаимодействия разработчика, изготовителя и эксплуатанта воздушных судов. В данной статье обоснована необходимость в разработке технологии планирования и осуществления мероприятий, связанных с деятельностью авиапредприятий, позволяю- щей поэтапно по направлениям деятельности разработчика, изготовителя и эксплуатанта воздушных судов установить взаимосвязь и влияние на уровень исправности парка, тем самым повышая эффективность процесса технической эксплуатации путем всех возможных управляющих воздействий. Разработана комплексная технология повышения эффективности процесса технической эксплуатации воздушных судов, включающая мероприятия по направлениям «Надёжность воздушного судна», «Технология», «Персонал», «Оборудование», «Материалы», с целью повышения уровня исправности парка ВС. Комплексная технология представлена в виде маршрутной технологии с сокращенным описанием комплекса мероприятий по направлениям в маршрутной карте, с указанием входов и выходов на каждом этапе. Показаны преимущества применения комплексной технологии на примере улучшения одного из целевых показателей эффективности процесса технической эксплуатации воздушных судов.