1,637 research outputs found
Micromagnetic Domain Structures in Cylindrical Nickel Dots
The magnetic domain structures of cylindrical nickel dots (diameters from 40 nm to 1700 nm) with anisotropy parallel to the cylinder axis is predicted by the ratio of the dot diameter to the stripe period of unpatterned films with the same perpendicular anisotropy. The dominant domain structure for a given ratio increases in complexity as the ratio increases. We present evidence for the full micromagnetic domain structure for the simplest cases
Interferometric scattering enables fluorescence-free electrokinetic trapping of single nanoparticles in free solution
Anti-Brownian traps confine single particles in free solution by closed-loop
feedback forces that directly counteract Brownian motion. The extended-duration
measurement of trapped objects allows detailed characterization of
photophysical and transport properties, as well as observation of infrequent or
rare dynamics. However, this approach has been generally limited to particles
that can be tracked by fluorescent emission. Here we present the
Interferometric Scattering Anti-Brownian ELectrokinetic trap (ISABEL trap),
which uses interferometric scattering rather than fluorescence to monitor
particle position. By decoupling the ability to track (and therefore trap) a
particle from collection of its spectroscopic data, the ISABEL trap enables
confinement and extended study of single particles that do not fluoresce, that
only weakly fluoresce, or which exhibit intermittent fluorescence or
photobleaching. This new technique significantly expands the range of nanoscale
objects that may be investigated at the single-particle level in free solution.Comment: Manuscript and SI; videos available upon reques
"Caring for Insiderness": Phenomenologically informed insights that can guide practice.
Understanding the ââinsiderââ perspective has been a pivotal strength of qualitative research. Further than this, within the more applied fields in which the human activity of ââcaringââ takes place, such understanding of ââwhat it is likeââ for people from within their lifeworlds has also been acknowledged as the foundational starting point in order for ââcareââ to be caring. But we believe that more attention needs to be paid to this foundational generic phenomenon: what it means to understand the ââinsidernessââ of another, but more importantly, how to act on this in caring ways. We call this human phenomenon ââcaring for insiderness.ââ Drawing on existing phenomenological studies of marginal caring situations at the limits of caring capability, and through a process of phenomenologically oriented reflection, we interrogated some existential themes implicit in these publications that could lead to deeper insights for both theoretical and applied purposes. The paper provides direction for practices of caring by highlighting some dangers as well as some remedies along this path
Resolvent Estimates in L^p for the Stokes Operator in Lipschitz Domains
We establish the resolvent estimates for the Stokes operator in
Lipschitz domains in , for . The result, in particular, implies that the Stokes operator in a
three-dimensional Lipschitz domain generates a bounded analytic semigroup in
for (3/2)-\varep < p< 3+\epsilon. This gives an affirmative answer to a
conjecture of M. Taylor.Comment: 28 page. Minor revision was made regarding the definition of the
Stokes operator in Lipschitz domain
Weighted maximal regularity estimates and solvability of non-smooth elliptic systems II
We continue the development, by reduction to a first order system for the
conormal gradient, of \textit{a priori} estimates and solvability for
boundary value problems of Dirichlet, regularity, Neumann type for divergence
form second order, complex, elliptic systems. We work here on the unit ball and
more generally its bi-Lipschitz images, assuming a Carleson condition as
introduced by Dahlberg which measures the discrepancy of the coefficients to
their boundary trace near the boundary. We sharpen our estimates by proving a
general result concerning \textit{a priori} almost everywhere non-tangential
convergence at the boundary. Also, compactness of the boundary yields more
solvability results using Fredholm theory. Comparison between classes of
solutions and uniqueness issues are discussed. As a consequence, we are able to
solve a long standing regularity problem for real equations, which may not be
true on the upper half-space, justifying \textit{a posteriori} a separate work
on bounded domains.Comment: 76 pages, new abstract and few typos corrected. The second author has
changed nam
Quenched crystal field disorder and magnetic liquid ground states in Tb2Sn2-xTixO7
Solid-solutions of the "soft" quantum spin ice pyrochlore magnets Tb2B2O7
with B=Ti and Sn display a novel magnetic ground state in the presence of
strong B-site disorder, characterized by a low susceptibility and strong spin
fluctuations to temperatures below 0.1 K. These materials have been studied
using ac-susceptibility and muSR techniques to very low temperatures, and
time-of-flight inelastic neutron scattering techniques to 1.5 K. Remarkably,
neutron spectroscopy of the Tb3+ crystal field levels appropriate to at high
B-site mixing (0.5 < x < 1.5 in Tb2Sn2-xTixO7) reveal that the doublet ground
and first excited states present as continua in energy, while transitions to
singlet excited states at higher energies simply interpolate between those of
the end members of the solid solution. The resulting ground state suggests an
extreme version of a random-anisotropy magnet, with many local moments and
anisotropies, depending on the precise local configuration of the six B sites
neighboring each magnetic Tb3+ ion.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
On the Nature of Memory and Rejuvenation in Glassy Systems
The memory effect in a single crystal spin glass
() has been measured using ac susceptibility techniques over a reduced temperature range of
and a model of the memory effect has been developed. A
double-waiting-time protocol is carried out where the spin glass is first
allowed to age at a temperature below , followed by a second aging at a
lower temperature after it has fully rejuvenated. The model is based on
calculating typical coincidences between the growth of correlated regions at
the two temperatures. It accounts for the absolute magnitude of the memory
effect as a function of both waiting times and temperatures. The data can be
explained by the memory loss being a function of the relative change in the
correlated volume at the first waiting temperature because of the growth in the
correlations at the second waiting temperature.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Convergence Rates in L^2 for Elliptic Homogenization Problems
We study rates of convergence of solutions in L^2 and H^{1/2} for a family of
elliptic systems {L_\epsilon} with rapidly oscillating oscillating coefficients
in Lipschitz domains with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions. As a
consequence, we obtain convergence rates for Dirichlet, Neumann, and Steklov
eigenvalues of {L_\epsilon}. Most of our results, which rely on the recently
established uniform estimates for the L^2 Dirichlet and Neumann problems in
\cite{12,13}, are new even for smooth domains.Comment: 25 page
Single-molecule trapping and spectroscopy reveals photophysical heterogeneity of phycobilisomes quenched by Orange Carotenoid Protein
Upon photoactivation the Orange Carotenoid Protein (OCP) binds to the phycobilisome and prevents damage by thermally dissipating excess energy. Here authors use an Anti-Brownian ELectrokinetic trap to determine the photophysics of single OCP-quenched phycobilisomes and observe two distinct OCP-quenched states with either one or two OCPs bound
Ferromagnetic Domain Distribution in Thin Films During Magnetization Reversal
We have shown that polarized neutron reflectometry can determine in a
model-free way not only the mean magnetization of a ferromagnetic thin film at
any point of a hysteresis cycle, but also the mean square dispersion of the
magnetization vectors of its lateral domains. This technique is applied to
elucidate the mechanism of the magnetization reversal of an exchange-biased
Co/CoO bilayer. The reversal process above the blocking temperature is governed
by uniaxial domain switching, while below the blocking temperature the reversal
of magnetization for the trained sample takes place with substantial domain
rotation
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