446 research outputs found
Improvement of current-control induced by oxide crenel in very short field-effect-transistor
A 2D quantum ballistic transport model based on the non-equilibrium Green's
function formalism has been used to theoretically investigate the effects
induced by an oxide crenel in a very short (7 nm) thin-film
metal-oxide-semiconductor-field-effect-transistor. Our investigation shows that
a well adjusted crenel permits an improvement of on-off current ratio Ion/Ioff
of about 244% with no detrimental change in the drive current Ion. This
remarkable result is explained by a nontrivial influence of crenel on
conduction band-structure in thin-film. Therefore a well optimized crenel seems
to be a good solution to have a much better control of short channel effects in
transistor where the transport has a strong quantum behavior
The Plateau de Bure Neutron Monitor: design, operation and Monte-Carlo simulation
This paper describes the Plateau de Bure Neutron Monitor (PdBNM), an
instrument providing continuous ground-level measurements of atmospheric
secondary neutron flux resulting from the interaction of primary cosmic rays
with the Earth's atmosphere. The detector is installed on the Plateau de Bure
(Devoluy mountains, south of France, latitude North 44{\deg} 38' 02", longitude
East 5{\deg} 54' 26", altitude 2555 m) as a part of the ASTEP Platform
(Altitude Single-event effects Test European Platform), a permanent
installation dedicated to the study of the impact of terrestrial natural
radiation on microelectronics circuit reliability. The present paper reports
the neutron monitor design, its operation since August 2008 and its complete
numerical simulation using the Monte Carlo codes GEANT4 and MCNPX. We
particularly detail the computation of the neutron monitor detection response
function for neutrons, muons, protons and pions, the comparison between GEANT4
and MCNPX numerical results and the evaluation of the PdBNM counting rate a
function of both the nature and flux of the incident atmospheric particles.Comment: 37 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables; numerical error in GEANT4 particle
sourse corrected, section 4.4 was significantly revised. Submitted to IEEE
Transactions on Nuclear Scienc
P16-17. Antigen sensitivity is a major determinant of CD8+ T-cell polyfunctionality and HIV suppressive activity
International audiencen.
P16-11. HLA-B57/5801 induces preferential CD27 expression on HIV-Gag but not Nef specific central memory CD8+T cells controlling HIV
International audiencen.
Immunological evaluation of human immunedeficiency virus infected individuals by flow cytometry
Human immunodeficiency virus type I-specific CD8+ T cell subset abnormalities in chronic infection persist through effective antiretroviral therapy
Background: Effective highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) reduces human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, restores CD4 +T lymphocyte counts and greatly reduces the incidence of opportunistic infections. While this demonstrates improved generalized immune function, rapid rebound to pre-treatment viral replication levels following treatment interruption indicates little improvement in immune control of HIV replication. The extent to which HAART can normalize HIV-specific CD8 +T cell function over time in individuals with chronic infection remains an important unresolved issue. In this study, we evaluated the magnitude, general specificity and character of HIV specific CD8 +T cell responses at four time points across 2-9 years in 2 groups of chronically infected individuals separated on the basis of either effective antiretroviral suppression or ongoing replication of HIV.Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stimulated with overlapping 15mer peptides spanning HIV Gag, Pol, Env and Nef proteins. Cells producing interferon-γ (IFN-γ) or interleukin-2 (IL-2) were enumerated by ELISPOT and phenotyped by flow cytometry.Results and Conclusions: The magnitude of the HIV-specific CD8 +T cell response ranged from < .01 to approximately 1.0% of PBMC and was significantly greater in the group with detectable viral replication. Stronger responses reflected higher numbers of CD8 +CD45RA -effector memory cells producing IFN-γ, but not IL-2. Magnitude, general specificity and character of the HIV-specific CD8 +T cell response changed little over the study period. While antiretroviral suppression of HIV in chronic infection reduces HIV-specific CD8 +T cell response magnitude in the short term, it had no significant effect on response character over periods up to 9 years
Postconditioning ameliorates lipid peroxidation in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
Destructive arthritis in a patient with chikungunya virus infection with persistent specific IgM antibodies
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Chikungunya fever is an emerging arboviral disease characterized by an algo-eruptive syndrome, inflammatory polyarthralgias, or tenosynovitis that can last for months to years. Up to now, the pathophysiology of the chronic stage is poorly understood.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report the first case of CHIKV infection with chronic associated rheumatism in a patient who developed progressive erosive arthritis with expression of inflammatory mediators and persistence of specific IgM antibodies over 24 months following infection.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Understanding the specific features of chikungunya virus as well as how the virus interacts with its host are essential for the prevention, treatment or cure of chikungunya disease.</p
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