41,601 research outputs found
On the Existence of Dynamics of Wheeler-Feynman Electromagnetism
We study the equations of Wheeler-Feynman electrodynamics which is an
action-at-a-distance theory about world-lines of charges that interact through
their corresponding advanced and retarded Li\'enard-Wiechert field terms. The
equations are non-linear, neutral, and involve time-like advanced as well as
retarded arguments of unbounded delay. Using a reformulation in terms of
Maxwell-Lorentz electrodynamics without self-interaction, which we have
introduced in a preceding work, we are able to establish the existence of
conditional solutions. These are solutions that solve the Wheeler-Feynman
equations on any finite time interval with prescribed continuations outside of
this interval. As a byproduct we also prove existence and uniqueness of
solutions to the Synge equations on the time half-line for a given history of
charge trajectories.Comment: 45 pages, introduction revised, typos corrected, explanations adde
Runtime Verification of Temporal Properties over Out-of-order Data Streams
We present a monitoring approach for verifying systems at runtime. Our
approach targets systems whose components communicate with the monitors over
unreliable channels, where messages can be delayed or lost. In contrast to
prior works, whose property specification languages are limited to
propositional temporal logics, our approach handles an extension of the
real-time logic MTL with freeze quantifiers for reasoning about data values. We
present its underlying theory based on a new three-valued semantics that is
well suited to soundly and completely reason online about event streams in the
presence of message delay or loss. We also evaluate our approach
experimentally. Our prototype implementation processes hundreds of events per
second in settings where messages are received out of order.Comment: long version of the CAV 2017 pape
Maxwell-Lorentz Dynamics of Rigid Charges
We establish global existence and uniqueness of the dynamics of classical
electromagnetism with extended, rigid charges and fields which need not to be
square integrable. We consider also a modified theory of electromagnetism where
no self-fields occur. That theory and our results are crucial for approaching
the as yet unsolved problem of the general existence of dynamics of Wheeler
Feynman electromagnetism, which we shall address in the follow up paper.Comment: 32 pages, revised Introduction, typos correcte
Effects of impurities on Tamm-like lanthanide-metal surface states
The effects of isolated residual-gas adsorbates on the local electronic
structure of the Dy(0001) surface were spatially mapped by scanning tunneling
microscopy and spectroscopy at 12 K. Less than 15 A away from an adsorbate, a
strong reduction of the intensity and a significant increase of the width of
the majority component of the surface state due to impurity scattering were
observed, with essentially no change of the minority component; this reflects a
high lateral localization of the Tamm-like surface state. Furthermore, an
adsorbate-induced state was found that behaves metastable.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted as Brief Report for Physical Review
Polynomial algorithms that prove an NP-hard hypothesis implies an NP-hard conclusion
A number of results in Hamiltonian graph theory are of the form implies , where is a property of graphs that is NP-hard and is a cycle structure property of graphs that is also NP-hard. Such a theorem is the well-known Chv\'{a}tal-Erd\"{o}s Theorem, which states that every graph with is Hamiltonian. Here is the vertex connectivity of and is the cardinality of a largest set of independent vertices of . In another paper Chv\'{a}tal points out that the proof of this result is in fact a polynomial time construction that either produces a Hamilton cycle or a set of more than independent vertices. In this note we point out that other theorems in Hamiltonian graph theory have a similar character. In particular, we present a constructive proof of the well-known theorem of Jung for graphs on or more vertices.. \u
The Tropos Software Development Methodology: Processes, Models and Diagrams
Tropos is a novel agent-oriented software development methodology founded on two key features: (i) the notions of agent, goal, plan and various other knowledge level concepts are fundamental primitives used uniformly throughout the software development process; and (ii) a crucial role is assigned to requirements analysis and specification when the system-to-be is analyzed with respect to its intended environment. This paper provides a (first) detailed account of the Tropos methodology. In particular, we describe the basic concepts on which Tropos is founded and the types of models one builds out of them. We also specify the analysis process through which design flows from external to system actors through a goal analysis and delegation. In addition, we provide an abstract syntax for Tropos diagrams and other linguistic constructs
Magnetic phase diagram of MnSi inferred from magnetization and ac susceptibility
We report simultaneous measurements of the magnetization and the ac
susceptibility across the magnetic phase diagram of single-crystal MnSi. In our
study we explore the importance of the excitation frequency, excitation
amplitude, sample shape, and crystallographic orientation. The susceptibility,
dM/dH, calculated from the magnetization, is dominated by pronounced maxima at
the transition from the helical to the conical and the conical to the skyrmion
lattice phase. The maxima in dM/dH are not tracked by the ac susceptibility,
which in addition varies sensitively with the excitation amplitude and
frequency at the transition from the conical to the skyrmion lattice phase. The
same differences between dM/dH and the ac susceptibility exist for Mn1-xFexSi
(x=0.04) and Fe1-xCoxSi (x=0.20). Taken together our study establishes
consistently for all major crystallographic directions the existence of a
single pocket of the skyrmion lattice phase in MnSi, suggestive of a universal
characteristic of all B20 transition metal compounds with helimagnetic order.Comment: 19 pages, 20 figure
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