Adiponectin SNP45TG is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus

INTRODUCTION: Diabetes and pregnancy can be associated in two ways: pregnancy that occurs in women who are already diabetic (diabetes of pre-gestational origin); and diabetes that occur in women who are already pregnant [gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) (O'sullivan 1961)]. Patients with previous GDM history have higher risk of developing diabetes outside of pregnancy. Accumulating literature had suggested that adiponectin plays a role in the pathophysiology of this metabolic syndrome, and several of the common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in adiponectin gene have been identified in type 2 diabetes. Thus, one of the commonly found SNP was studied to determine its association with GDM. OBJECTIVE: To identify the association of SNP45TG with GDM. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study involving pregnant mothers of <18 gestational weeks, who were recruited from three local antenatal clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. Their genomic DNA was extracted from EDTA treated whole blood using commercialized kit. Adiponectin gene was amplified through conventional PCR and SNP was detected using restriction enzyme SmaI. Plasma adiponectin level, fructosamine level and HbA(1c) percentage were also examined. RESULTS: Among the 79 antenatal patients recruited, 53 patients were normal and 26 were diagnosed with GDM. Among the 53 normal patients, 18 carry TG/GG genotype. Meanwhile, among the 26 patients that were diagnosed with GDM 15 carry TG/GG genotype. Significant association was found between SNP45TG with GDM ( χ(2) = 4.038; P < 0.05). In addition, normal patients with TT genotype have significantly higher plasma adiponectin level compared to other groups. CONCLUSION: We concluded that SNP45TG in adiponectin gene is associated with the occurrence of GDM

Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in diagnosis of diffuse cystic lung disease in Sjögren’s syndrome

Sjögren’s syndrome is systemic autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of various organs with wide frequency of pulmonary involvement. Diffuse cystic lung disease in Sjögren’s syndrome is a rare condition and requires differential diagnosis with other cystic pathologies such as lymphangioleyomiomatosis or Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE) is a method of in vivo investigation of airways and lung tissue on microscopic level during bronchoscopy. We used this method in diffuse cystic lung disease caused by Sjögren’s syndrome. The pCLE image showed a large number of fluorescent cells presumably lymphocytes in bronchioles, dilated alveolar spaces with fluid and thin alveolar walls. We think that the presence of the bronchiolar cells pattern can be used to differentiate between the pulmonary manifestations of Sjögren's disease and other cystic lung diseases

ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ АНГИОГЕНЕЗА ПРИ РАКЕ ПОЧКИ

The results of research in 130 patients with space-occupying lesions of kidneys treated in MCH n.a. S.R. Mirotvorcev were analysed. The diagnostic significance of metabolic tumor marker TuM2Pk, matrix metalloproteinases ММР-9, ММP-3, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiogenic cytokines (TNF-α, IL-8, IL-12) was evaluated. It was determined that VEGF detection in blood serum has the most important diagnostic value in differential diagnosis between renal tumor and renal cyst and in TNM staging.Проведен анализ результатов исследования 130 пациентов с объемными образованиями почек, получавших лечение в ГКБ им. С.Р. Миротворцева. Выполнена оценка диагностической значимости метаболического онкомаркера TuM2Pk, матриксных металлопротеиназ (ММР) — ММР-9, ММP-3, фактора роста эндотелия сосудов (ФРЭС) и ангиогенных цитокинов — фактора некроза опухоли α, интерлейкинов (ИЛ) — ИЛ-8, ИЛ-12. Установлено, что наибольшее диагностическое значение при дифференциальной диагностике между опухолью почки и кистами почек, а также при стадировании опухолевого процесса по ТNМ имеет определение содержания в сыворотке крови ФРЭС

Changes of calcium binding protein expression in spinothalamic tract neurons after peripheral inflammation

Specific neuronal populations are known to express calcium binding proteins (CBP) such as calbindin (CB), parvalbumin (PV) and calretinin (CR). These CBP can act as calcium buffers that modify spatiotemporal characteristics of intracellular calcium transients and affect calcium homeostasis in neurons. It was recently shown that changes in neuronal CBP expression can have significant modulatory effect on synaptic transmission. Spinothalamic tract (STT) neurons form a major nociceptive pathway and they become sensitized after peripheral inflammation. In our experiments, expression of CBP in STT neurons was studied in a model of unilateral acute knee joint arthritis in rats. Altogether 377, 374 and 358 STT neurons in the segments L3-4 were evaluated for the presence of CB, PV and CR. On the contralateral (control) side 11 %, 9 % and 47 % of the retrogradely labeled STT neurons expressed CB, PV and CR, respectively. On the ipsilateral (arthritic) side there was significantly more CB (23 %) and PV (25 %) expressing STT neurons, while the number of CR positive neurons (50 %) did not differ. Our results show increased expression of fast (CB) and slow (PV) calcium binding proteins in STT neurons after induction of experimental arthritis. This suggests that change in CBP expression could have a significant effect on calcium homeostasis and possibly modulation of synaptic activity in STT neurons.</jats:p