Vector field as a quintessence partner

We derive generic equations for a vector field driving the evolution of flat homogeneous isotropic universe and give a comparison with a scalar filed dynamics in the cosmology. Two exact solutions are shown as examples, which can serve to describe an inflation and a slow falling down of dynamical ``cosmological constant'' like it is given by the scalar quintessence. An attractive feature of vector field description is a generation of ``induced mass'' proportional to a Hubble constant, which results in a dynamical suppression of actual cosmological constant during the evolution.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX file, iopart class, discussion extended, reference adde

Se mobiliser sur les effets transgénérationnels : le cas du Distilbène en France

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When Replication is Prohibited

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Les sombres précurseurs. Une sociologie de l'alerte et du risque

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Contracting in The Open Access Age: Unboxing ‘Big Deals’ In Academic Publishing

International audienceSince the digitalization of academic publications, subscription to journals had taken the form of access rights to content platforms for users. Despite almost 20 years of open access policies, paywalled papers and subsequently subscriptions are still paramount for the oligopoly of publishing industry in its relations with ever-growing consortia of universities and libraries. Nevertheless, in the last five years, new forms of agreement have been signed, notably including paying open access publishing options. The range of names given to these "Big Deals" underlines their complexity and diversity: offset agreements, read and publish, publish and read, transformative agreements. Whereas previously subscription agreements included confidentiality clauses on their content, the transparency requirements of some consortia have led to their availability. Thanks to this publicity, we will present a first systematic comparison of more than 50 agreements between "big" or "medium" publishers (ACS, Elsevier, Sage, Springer, Wiley, etc.) and European or North American consortia. Drawing on STS approaches, we will first describe the various content of these agreements and the material effects of the reciprocal obligations they define (system of recognition of authors and rights holders, financial payment circuits, monitoring of actual costs, etc.). We will then analyze the expected, hoped for or feared effects of these agreements (tipping point effect for open access, reinforcement of publishers oligopoly, stabilization of APC or subscription prices…) from contrats themselves, monitoring reports and grey literature. Finally, we will discuss how the interactions between agreements as a container vs papers and journals as content are conceived

Les sombres précurseurs. Une sociologie de l'alerte et du risque

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Transformative Agreements to Achieve Open Access - a First Systematic Analysis of Available Consortium-Publisher Documents

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Ces écrits qui peuplent la ville

https://lejournal.cnrs.fr/articles/ces-ecrits-qui-peuplent-la-vill

Intraoperative Use of the Medtronic O-arm for Deep Brain Stimulation Procedures

The purpose of this study was to analyze the feasibility and utility of 3D imaging to help lead positioning during a deep brain stimulation (DBS) procedure. A bilateral subthalamic DBS procedure was conducted in 2 patients for idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. Subthalamic nucleus targeting was based on preoperative stereotactic MRI. We used the Medtronic O-arm® to perform 2D-imaging control (frontal and lateral) as well as quick (&lt;30 s) 3D acquisition. This allowed us to check the positioning of micro-macro electrodes and definite electrodes. 3D images were fused with postoperative CT to assess their accuracy, and with preoperative MRI to visualize the anatomical location of the electrodes. 3D imaging is a quick and safe method to ensure perioperative control of lead placement during DBS procedures.</jats:p