Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series constructed from quadratic characters

We construct multiple Dirichlet series in several complex variables whose coefficients involve quadratic residue symbols. The series are shown to have an analytic continuation and satisfy a certain group of functional equations. These are the first examples of an infinite collection of unstable Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series in greater than two variables.Comment: incorporated referee's comment

Ghrelin and its Association with Nutritional and Inflammatory Status of Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis in a South Indian Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Malnutrition and inflammation are associated with morbidity and mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Ghrelin, an orexigenic peptide hormone, is speculated to be associated with nutritional and inflammatory status in MHD. Aim: To assess the serum total ghrelin levels and its possible relationship with inflammation and nutritional status in patients on MHD. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted on 90 patients on MHD for 6 months and above (56 males, 34 females, mean age 52.6 [11.7] years; mean dialysis vintage 20.9 [12.1] months) and 70 healthy volunteers as control (5 males, 25 females, mean age 50.6 [9.7] years). Demographics were obtained for the study population, and dialysis‑related data were collected for cases. Anthropometry, biochemical parameters, serum total ghrelin and inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor‑alpha (TNF‑α), and high‑sensitivity C‑reactive protein (hsCRP) were assessed for cases and control. Self‑reported appetite (five questions of appetite and diet assessment tool) and nutritional status (subjective global assessment‑dialysis malnutrition score) were assessed for cases. Results: Ghrelin (242.5 [62.3] pg/mL vs. 80.2 [19.6] pg/mL; P < 0.001), TNF‑α (39.8 [15.2] pg/mL vs. 6.5 [1.2] pg/mL; P < 0.001), hsCRP (10.2 [2.8] mg/L vs. 2.7 [0.54] mg/L; P < 0.001) were significantly elevated in cases versus control, anthropometry, and biochemical parameters were significantly decreased in hemodialysis patient. Of 90 cases, (13/90 [14.4%]) were well‑nourished, (28/90 [31%]) mild to moderately malnourished, and (49/90 [54.4%]) were moderate to severely malnourished. Appetite was very good for 14.4%, good and fair for 47.8%, poor and very poor for 37.8% patients. There was a significant difference in appetite with respect to nutritional status (P < 0.001). Ghrelin had positive correlation with inflammatory markers and negative correlation with nutritional status (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The study identified the association of ghrelin with appetite, nutritional, and inflammatory status of the patients on MHD.Keywords: Appetite, Ghrelin, Hemodialysis, Inflammation, Nutritional statu

Experimental culture of the short-finned eel Anguilla bicolor bicolor Mcclelland

In this paper the various techniques adopted in the culture of eels (Anguilla Spp.) and the results obtained in the experimental culture of the short-finned eel, Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland in running water and in recalculating running water have been dealt with. Experimental culture of the eel, A. bicolor bicolor in running water was conducted during 1974-76 at the Regional Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Mandapam Camp

On induced maturation in the Indian short-finned eel Anguilla bicolor bicolor McClelland

After acdimaitisiag the eels Anguilla bicolor bicolor in sea water, various' hormones viz., Gonadairaiphon F. S. H„ Gonadotraphon L. H. and Chorionic Gonadotropin (Profasd) and OcirpHpituiiitiairy extracts were administered to different dosages through intramuscular injections. By mepeated hormone JnjeotiJans maturatiion w:b induced in both tihe sexes. flHr*i*tLallty one imaile eeil which was given 2000 IU of Goaadoliraphon L.H. through four injections, reached spawning oondiiitilon 144 days after the first injection. Mter partial spawning, the eedl died on the same day. The gamadosomiaitic index was 6.47 and eye index increased by 14.38%. Each sperms itozoiid has a comma shaped body and a long ital. One female eel on which was administered 240 mg of camp pituitary extract and 19,000 IU of Chorionic gonadotropin (Profasd) 'hormone (ttorouglh 16 tojeotiians, attained1 'staiip-irOpe' condition 98 days after the first injedctfan and yielded 185,6 g of eggs on stripping. The gonadosoiraaitic index was 33.5 The total weight and eye index of the eel increased by 2.9% and 24.1%, respectively. The Mumiber of stripped aggs was estimated to be 0.35 million. The mature eggs were spherical and reJatdvely umlortn in suae measuring 1.00 mm (+ 0.08 mm) in diameter. Attempts made for amtificJJ fentdlisaton wene not successful. Fully developed ovary of A. bicolor bicolor is described1

Eel culture in India

The main objective of fish culture is to produce more protein-rich food, there has been an emphasis, particularly in the developing countries, on the culture of luxury table fish to step up exports. Eels (Anguilla spp) are considered as a luxury food and consumed as a delicacy in several Asian and European countries. The present report highlights some of the basic information on the Indian eels and their culture, based on the results of the experiments conducted during the period 1974-1980. The survey conducted by the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute has brought to light many promising centres for large scale collection of elvers. The techniques of live elver collection and their transportation have been developed. In addition to eel culture, collection and export of elvers could also be taken up as a profitable enterprise with the development of export market. Apart from earning foreign exchange for the country, this would offer employment opportunities to a large number of marginal fishermen

Evidence for the classical integrability of the complete AdS(4) x CP(3) superstring

We construct a zero-curvature Lax connection in a sub-sector of the superstring theory on AdS(4) x CP(3) which is not described by the OSp(6|4)/U(3) x SO(1,3) supercoset sigma-model. In this sub-sector worldsheet fermions associated to eight broken supersymmetries of the type IIA background are physical fields. As such, the prescription for the construction of the Lax connection based on the Z_4-automorphism of the isometry superalgebra OSp(6|4) does not do the job. So, to construct the Lax connection we have used an alternative method which nevertheless relies on the isometry of the target superspace and kappa-symmetry of the Green-Schwarz superstring.Comment: 1+26 pages; v2: minor typos corrected, acknowledgements adde

Relativistic Wavepackets in Classically Chaotic Quantum Cosmological Billiards

Close to a spacelike singularity, pure gravity and supergravity in four to eleven spacetime dimensions admit a cosmological billiard description based on hyperbolic Kac-Moody groups. We investigate the quantum cosmological billiards of relativistic wavepackets towards the singularity, employing flat and hyperbolic space descriptions for the quantum billiards. We find that the strongly chaotic classical billiard motion of four-dimensional pure gravity corresponds to a spreading wavepacket subject to successive redshifts and tending to zero as the singularity is approached. We discuss the possible implications of these results in the context of singularity resolution and compare them with those of known semiclassical approaches. As an aside, we obtain exact solutions for the one-dimensional relativistic quantum billiards with moving walls.Comment: 18 pages, 10 figure