Reaction of soybean cultivars to waterlogged soil

The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 28, 2007)Includes bibliographical references.Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri-Columbia 2006.Dissertations, Academic -- University of Missouri--Columbia -- Plant, insect and microbial sciences.Irrigating soybean prior to an extensive rain can result in waterlogged soil that may cause root damage and plant death. Some soybean cultivars tolerate waterlogged soils. The objective of this study was to evaluate tolerance of soybean cultivars to waterlogged soils at different soybean growth stages and flood durations. A selection of maturity group IV soybean cultivars was screened for flood tolerance in the field. Five cultivars were selected for variations in tolerance to waterlogged soil conditions. An experiment was conducted to determine the response of these cultivars to waterlogged soil for 192 h at thee growth stages (V5, R1, and R5). A second experiment was conducted to determine the response of these cultivars to flood for 0, 48, 96, 144, and 192 h at the R1 stage of growth. A significant interaction was found between cultivars and growth stage flooding when exposed to waterlogged soil. The greatest yield suppression from waterlogged soil occurred at the R5 growth stage compared to V5 and R1. Soybean yield suppression due to waterlogged soil was least when flood was applied at V5 compared with the R1 and R5 stages of growth. Flood duration had a significant negative effect on soybean yield (P = 0.0012). When averaged across years and cultivars, soybean yields declined 310 kg ha-1 after being flooded for 192 hours at bloom compared to non-flooded checks. Significant interactions between cultivar and duration were not found

Investigating the feasibility and utility of bedside balance technology acutely after pediatric concussion : A pilot study

Objective: To examine postural instability in children acutely after concussion, using the Wii Balance Board (WBB). We hypothesized that children with traumatic brain injury would have significantly worse balance relative to children without brain injury. Design: Prospective case–control pilot study. Setting: Emergency department of a tertiary urban pediatric hospital. Participants: Cases were a convenience sample 11-16 years old who presented within 6 hours of sustaining concussion. Two controls, matched on gender, height, and age, were enrolled for each case that completed study procedures. Controls were children who presented for a minor complaint that was unlikely to affect balance. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: The participant's postural sway expressed as the displacement in centimeters of the center of pressure during a timed balance task. Balance testing was performed using 4 stances (single or double limb, eyes open or closed). Results: Three of the 17 (17.6%) cases were too dizzy to complete testing. One stance, double limbs eyes open, was significantly higher in cases versus controls (85.6 vs 64.3 cm, P = 0.04). Conclusions: A simple test on the WBB consisting of a 2-legged standing balance task with eyes open discriminated children with concussion from non-head-injured controls. The low cost and feasibility of this device make it a potentially viable tool for assessing postural stability in children with concussion for both longitudinal research studies and clinical care. Clinical Relevance: These pilot data suggest that the WBB is an inexpensive tool that can be used on the sideline or in the outpatient setting to objectively identify and quantify postural instability

Investigating the feasibility and utility of bedside balance technology acutely after pediatric concussion : A pilot study

Objective: To examine postural instability in children acutely after concussion, using the Wii Balance Board (WBB). We hypothesized that children with traumatic brain injury would have significantly worse balance relative to children without brain injury. Design: Prospective case–control pilot study. Setting: Emergency department of a tertiary urban pediatric hospital. Participants: Cases were a convenience sample 11-16 years old who presented within 6 hours of sustaining concussion. Two controls, matched on gender, height, and age, were enrolled for each case that completed study procedures. Controls were children who presented for a minor complaint that was unlikely to affect balance. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measures: The participant's postural sway expressed as the displacement in centimeters of the center of pressure during a timed balance task. Balance testing was performed using 4 stances (single or double limb, eyes open or closed). Results: Three of the 17 (17.6%) cases were too dizzy to complete testing. One stance, double limbs eyes open, was significantly higher in cases versus controls (85.6 vs 64.3 cm, P = 0.04). Conclusions: A simple test on the WBB consisting of a 2-legged standing balance task with eyes open discriminated children with concussion from non-head-injured controls. The low cost and feasibility of this device make it a potentially viable tool for assessing postural stability in children with concussion for both longitudinal research studies and clinical care. Clinical Relevance: These pilot data suggest that the WBB is an inexpensive tool that can be used on the sideline or in the outpatient setting to objectively identify and quantify postural instability

Putting Public Safety First: 13 Strategies for Successful Supervision and Reentry

Outlines organizational- and case management-level strategies to reduce recidivism through risk reduction and behavior change, such as by aligning resources with risk factors. Describes each practice's benefits, evidence base, and examples from the field

Complex Density Wave Orders and Quantum Phase Transitions in a Model of Square-Lattice Rydberg Atom Arrays

We describe the zero-temperature phase diagram of a model of a two-dimensional square-lattice array of neutral atoms, excited into Rydberg states and interacting via strong van der Waals interactions. Using the density-matrix renormalization group algorithm, we map out the phase diagram and obtain a rich variety of phases featuring complex density wave orderings, upon varying lattice spacing and laser detuning. While some of these phases result from the classical optimization of the van der Waals energy, we also find intrinsically quantum-ordered phases stabilized by quantum fluctuations. These phases are surrounded by novel quantum phase transitions, which we analyze by finite-size scaling numerics and Landau theories. Our work highlights Rydberg quantum simulators in higher dimensions as promising platforms to realize exotic many-body phenomena

Quantum speedup for combinatorial optimization with flat energy landscapes

Designing quantum algorithms with a speedup over their classical analogs is a central challenge in quantum information science. Motivated by recent experimental observations of a superlinear quantum speedup in solving the Maximum Independent Set problem on certain unit-disk graph instances [Ebadi et al., Science 376, 6598 (2022)], we develop a theoretical framework to analyze the relative performance of the optimized quantum adiabatic algorithm and a broad class of classical Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms. We outline conditions for the quantum adiabatic algorithm to achieve a quadratic speedup on hard problem instances featuring flat low-energy landscapes and provide example instances with either a quantum speedup or slowdown. We then introduce an additional local Hamiltonian with no sign problem to the optimized adiabatic algorithm to achieve a quadratic speedup over a wide class of classical simulated annealing, parallel tempering, and quantum Monte Carlo algorithms in solving these hard problem instances. Finally, we use this framework to analyze the experimental observations.Comment: 10+30 pages, 5+8 figure