Impact of Gender-Based Abuse on Women’s Economic Wellbeing and Participation in Public Life in Abeokuta Metropolis in Ogun State, Nigeria

This study established the influence of gender-based abuse on women’seconomic wellbeing and participation in public life. A total of two-hundredand fifty married women from Abeokuta metropolis constituted the samplefor the study. Their ages ranged from 25 years to 49 years with a mean ageof 37 years and standard deviation of 8.48. The two instruments used wereauthor-constructed questionnaires with 0.69 and 0.74 reliability coefficientrespectively. The data obtained were analysed using frequency counts,percentages, and chi-square (X2) statistics. The results indicated that thethree research questions raised and tested contributed significantly to theprediction of the dependent variable. Based on the results of this finding, itwas recommended that those in the helping professional should takecognizance of those variables that have been found to influence women’seconomic well-being and participation in public lifeKeywords: Gender-Based Abuse, Women Economic Wellbeing,Participation in Public Life, Intimate Relationship, Nigeria

Single Parenthood Impact on Street Children in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria

Throughout the world, there are children who are drifted away from homes or families of orientations. They are commonly referred to as “runaway” children. This study examined single parenthood impact on street children in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria .The study made use of random sampling techniques and the data collected was 200 non institutionalized street children in Ibadan metropolis. The instrument used for this study was a questionnaire and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyzed the results. The results indicated that, hypothesis 2and 3 was significant (attachment of street children-F(1.198=55.318, P< 0.05) and hypothesis 3 (aggression of the street children-F( 1.198=56.122,P0.05)i. Based on the findings, the study recommended that there is need for parents to stay together with their children to ensure that their welfare is properly catered for. Single parenthood could be totally reduced if not totally eliminated from the society. Government should provide free and compulsory education to children without family support and help the less privileged parents with financial support by empowering them.Key words: Single Parenthood, Street Children, Anti-Social Behaviour,Aggression, Nigeria

Gender differences in credit acquisition techniques of rural dwellers in Obafemi Owode Local Government Area of Ogun State

The study assessed gender differences in credit acquisition techniques of rural dwellers in Obafemi Owode Local Government Area of Ogun state. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select respondents for the study. Data were collected with the aid of structured questionnaire covering respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics, sources of information, constraints faced and credit sources available. Data were analyzed using percentages, frequencies and t-test. Result of analysis showed that the mean ages were 43 and 40 for males and females, 51.5% and 38.5% of males and females had access to credit facilities. Farming was a major (64.7% and 76.9%) source of income in the study area. Farm organization was the major source of information, ̅= 2.53 and =2.58 in the study area. Major constraints faced by males were time wasting and undue embarrassment ̅= 2.93 while high interest rate ̅= 2.88 constrained the females most. Family was the major source of credit, ̅=2.9 for both males and females. There was a significant difference (t= 0.96, p&lt; 0.05) in credit acquisition from money lenders between males and females. The study concluded that respondents mostly acquired credits from family sources, hence, recommended that strings and barriers be lessened to enable respondents have access to formal credit sources.

Evaluation of Vegetable Based Lubricants on Hardness Property of ECAE Aluminum

Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) is the extrusion method that involve s the use of angular die to introduce plastic deformation on any metal espec ially aluminum which in turn improves its hardness. Lubricant’s role cannot be under estimated in the process as it requires reducing the high heat of deformation and extrusion pressure in- volved. The commonly used lubrican ts for this process were from orga nic sources, very scarce and non - environmentally friendly. Hence , it is a great advantage to in vestigate alternative extrusion lubricant from vegetable source. Four vegetable based lubricants such as jatropha oil, castor oil, neem oil and cottonseed oil were selected for this research . The properties of these selected oils were characterized to its physical and chemical properties. Aluminum rod was machined to 17 billets of size 11.95m x 11.95m x 40m (l × b × h) each and was annealed. The billet size was selected based on the configurations of the fabricated ECAE die. Four billets were extruded with each lubricant which makes the tot al of 16billets extruded for the four lubricants and the last billet was used as the con- trol. The hardness of the extruded sa mples was evaluated after the extrusion and compared to the control. The hardness result was compared to the sample extrude d with organic based lubricants from the literature It was di s- covered that all the lubricants tested greatly enhanced hardne ss of the extruded sample but at different magnitude. Jatropha oil exhibit s the greatest hardness on extrusion of Aluminu

Determinants of utilisation of traditional birth attendant services by pregnant women in Ogbomoso, Nigeria

Background: This study was designed to assess the determinants of utilization of Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs) services by pregnant women in different communities in Ogbomoso, Nigeria.Methods: This was a community- based cross-sectional study. Fisher's formula was used to calculate the sample size and a total of 270 eligible pregnant women were enrolled for the study using multistage sampling technique. Data was collected using pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 20 and results were presented in frequencies and percentages.Results: Factors found to have a significant influence on the utilization of TBA services in this study include: low educational status (p <0.001), lower socioeconomic status (p <0.001), and compassionate care given by the TBAs (p=0.004). Other factors include service proximity and lower cost of TBA services.Conclusions: The impact of TBAs and their services cannot be overemphasized in the present state of maternal and child health in Nigeria.  Lower educational status among others has been found to be a strong predictor of utilization of TBA services. There is, therefore, the need to improve the educational and socioeconomic status of women in order to allow them to access quality health care services that will safeguard their well-being. Inculcating compassionate care into orthodox healthcare delivery will go a long way to improve patronage and discourage TBA utilization

Stigma and utilization of treatment for adolescent perinatal depression in Ibadan Nigeria

This study identified predisposing, enabling, and hindering factors to health services utilization by adolescent mothers. Approximately 95% of all births to girls under age 18 occur in low- and middle -income countries (LMICs), where supporting infrastructure for healthcare is limited. Depression is a common and severe disorder among low-income adolescent mothers, where treatment often includes stigmatizing attitudes towards adolescent sexuality by healthcare providers. The study recognizes that it is difficult for someone young to enforce anything at home because they are not autonomous

Available online www.ejaet.com European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology, 201 7 , 4 ( 8 ): 592 - 596 Research Article ISSN: 2394 - 658X 592 Evaluation of Vegetable Based Lubricants on Hardness Property o f ECAE Aluminum

Equal Channel Angular Extrusion (ECAE) is the extrusion method that involve s the use of angular die to introduce plastic deformation on any metal espec ially aluminum which in turn improves its hardness. Lubricant’s role cannot be under estimated in the process as it requires reducing the high heat of deformation and extrusion pressure in- volved. The commonly used lubrican ts for this process were from orga nic sources, very scarce and non - environmentally friendly. Hence , it is a great advantage to in vestigate alternative extrusion lubricant from vegetable source. Four vegetable based lubricants such as jatropha oil, castor oil, neem oil and cottonseed oil were selected for this research . The properties of these selected oils were characterized to its physical and chemical properties. Aluminum rod was machined to 17 billets of size 11.95m x 11.95m x 40m (l × b × h) each and was annealed. The billet size was selected based on the configurations of the fabricated ECAE die. Four billets were extruded with each lubricant which makes the tot al of 16billets extruded for the four lubricants and the last billet was used as the con- trol. The hardness of the extruded sa mples was evaluated after the extrusion and compared to the control. The hardness result was compared to the sample extrude d with organic based lubricants from the literature It was di s- covered that all the lubricants tested greatly enhanced hardne ss of the extruded sample but at different magnitude. Jatropha oil exhibit s the greatest hardness on extrusion of Aluminu

Responding to the challenge of adolescent perinatal depression (RAPiD) : protocol for a cluster randomized hybrid trial of psychosocial intervention in primary maternal care

The project, “Responding to the challenge of adolescent perinatal depression (RAPiD)” is designed to address the need for interventions, as well as demonstrate effectiveness of interventions, for depressive disorders among adolescent mothers. The article provides a detailed proposal outline including background information and methodology of the RAPiD programme development and objectives, including conducting a comprehensive process evaluation to assess the barriers and facilitators of scaling up the intervention. Few studies have examined the effectiveness of interventions delivered to adolescents with perinatal depression. The World Health Organization estimates that up to 11% of all births worldwide are to girls aged between 15 and 19 years

OVERCOMING THE CHALLENGES OF INSECURITY IN NIGERIA

Insecurity constitutes an existential challenge and remains a scourge that undermines Nigeria's march to progress. Various dimensions of insecurity have plagued Nigeria since independence in 1960. It is notable that in the Fourth Republic (1999-2023), insecurity has reached unprecedented heights, with gross implications for national development. It is more disturbing that it has become more widespread and regionalised with Nigeria rated by Global Terrorism Index (GTI, 2022) as the third most insecure country in the world, after Afghanistan and Iraq. Although the Federal Government has embarked upon various measures to curb insecurity in the country, they have proved largely unworkable due to poor conceptualisation and ineffective implementation, among other factors. Thus, this chapter investigates the root causes of insecurity and provides strategic policy options towards overcoming its challenge in Nigeria

A pilot randomized controlled trial of a stepped care intervention package for depression in primary care in Nigeria

Background Depression is common in primary care and is often unrecognized and untreated. Studies are needed to demonstrate the feasibility of implementing evidence-based depression care provided by primary health care workers (PHCWs) in sub-Saharan Africa. We carried out a pilot two-parallel arm cluster randomized controlled trial of a package of care for depression in primary care. Methods Six primary health care centers (PHCC) in two Local Government Areas of Oyo State, South West Nigeria were randomized into 3 intervention and 3 control clinics. Three PHCWs were selected for training from each of the participating clinics. The PHCWs from the intervention clinics were trained to deliver a manualized multicomponent stepped care intervention package for depression consisting of psychoeducation, activity scheduling, problem solving treatment and medication for severe depression. Providers from the control clinics delivered care as usual, enhanced by a refresher training on depression diagnosis and management. Outcome measures Patient’s Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), WHO quality of Life instrument (WHOQOL-Bref) and the WHO disability assessment schedule (WHODAS) were administered in the participants’ home at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Results About 98% of the consecutive attendees to the clinics agreed to have the screening interview. Of those screened, 284 (22.7%) were positive (PHQ-9 score ≥ 8) and 234 gave consent for inclusion in the study: 165 from intervention and 69 from control clinics. The rates of eligible and consenting participants were similar in the control and intervention arms. In all 85.9% (92.8% in intervention and 83% in control) of the participants were successfully administered outcome assessments at 6 months. The PHCWs had little difficulty in delivering the intervention package. At 6 months follow up, depression symptoms had improved in 73.0% from the intervention arm compared to 51.6% control. Compared to the mean scores at baseline, there was improvement in the mean scores on all outcome measures in both arms at six months. Conclusion The results provide support for the feasibility of conducting a fully-powered randomized study in this setting and suggest that the instruments used may have the potential to detect differences between the arms