Heavy Metal Concentrations in Road Side Soils from Selected Locations in the Lagos Metropolis, Nigeria

Assessing the concentration of potentially harmful heavy metals in road side soils in Lagos metropolis is imperative in order to evaluate the potential risks to people and the environment. This is due to rapid increase in the use of vehicles for day to day transportation coupled with lack of emission standards which has raised serious concern about vehicular pollution. This paper reports the results of the investigation of heavy metal concentration in road side soils of selected areas in Lagos metropolis as a result of vehicular pollution. Locations considered were motor parks, garages and roadsides in Alimosho-, Agege-, Ikeja-, and Oshodi/Isolo-LGA of Lagos State. Seven locations that spans across the four local governments were selected on the basis of their high concentration of vehicular traffic. Three sites with low traffic concentration were also selected outside the seven locations to act as control sites. Soil samples were collected at each location for a period of three months in the dry season. The concentrations of six heavy metals (manganese, nickel, lead, chromium, zinc, and iron) in the samples were determined with an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). All the monitored heavy metal pollutants where compared with European Union (EU) regulatory standard. Results show that the concentrations of heavy metals in the soil samples from the seven locations were within safe limits though higher than in the control sites. It is evident that as time goes on, these heavy metals may pose health hazards. The study reveals that vehicular-related pollution in Lagos metropolis is indeed significant with possible severe health consequences

Rainfall-Runoff Relationships and flow forecasting, Ogun river Nigeria

An excess or a lack of rainfall are the major causes of most hydrological hazards, and the need for a systematic approach to river flow forecasting based on rainfall is imperative, especially in Nigeria. A study was carried out on three major gauging stations of the Ogun river basin to determine the rainfall-discharge relationship and model equations for use in the basin and similar basins. Stream flow and rainfall data for at least seven consecutive years for each station were collected and analyzed. The rainfall-runoff data were subjected to linear, exponential and higher order analysis. Stream flow data were also fitted to normal, log-normal and log-Pearson Type III distributions. The selection of the appropriate probability distribution model for each gauging station was based on graphical comparisons between observed and predicted flows and goodness-of-fit tests using chi-square and probability correlation coefficients. Results show that model equations with logarithmic and exponential relationships between rainfall and discharge gave better and more realistic prediction estimates and can be used for the basin. It was determined that the peak discharges occurred when the rainfall values were at their maximum, and a distinct relationship between the discharge and rainfall exists at each of the gauging stations

DISPUTES RESOLUTION AMONGST RESIDENTS OF TENEMENT PROPERTIES IN LAGOS, NIGERIA

Low income earners in Lagos metropolis have peculiar taste for a type of residential property, popularly referred to as face-me-I-face-you. The type of property usually consists of many units rooms flanking a central passage. Tenants with different orientation and background cohabit, and conflicts frequently occur amongst them. This paper examines the causes of conflicts that are common amongst tenants of tenement type of residential accommodation in Lagos metropolis. In so doing, questionnaires coupled with direct observation and interviews were administered on total of five hundred respondents randomly selected from five zones in the study area. The study found a number of factors causing the conflicts and recommends creative problemsolving strategies, amongst others, for managing such conflicts amongst occupiers of tenement houses in the study area

HierarchyMap: A Novel Approach to Treemap Visualization of Hierarchical Data

The HierarchyMap describes a novel approach for Treemap Visualization method for representing large volume of hierarchical information on a 2-dimensional space. HierarchyMap algorithm is a new ordered treemap algorithm. Results of the implementation of HierarchyMap treemap algorithm show that it is capable of representing several thousands of hierarchical data on 2-dimensional space on a computer and Portable Device Application (PDA) screens while still maintaining the qualities found in existing treemap algorithms such as readability, low aspect ratio, reduced run time, and reduced number of thin rectangles. The HierarchyMap treemap algorithm is implemented in Java programming language and tested with dataset of Departmental and Faculty systems of Universities, Family trees, Plant and Animal taxonomy structure

The given and a proximity to art: Heidegger's early dialectical conception of phenomenology

Accepted manuscrip

Design and Simulation of Wave Shaping Schemes for a Virtual Data Communication and Impaired Link Environment System for Advanced ICT Education

Design and Simulation of Waves Shaping Schemes for a Virtual Data Communication and Impaired Link Environment System for Advanced ICT Education is aimed at providing a simulator for the performance of digital filtering of signals for data communication experiments with the aid of MATLAB. A fundamental aspect of signal processing is filtering. Filtering involves the manipulation of the spectrum of a signal by passing or blocking certain portions of the spectrum, depending on the frequency of those portions. This work is designed to provide a flexible platform for teaching the operations of waves shaping schemes (lowpass, bandpass and highpass) modelled over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel. Keywords – Lowpass, Bandpass, Highpass, MATLAB