A density of ramified primes

Let $K$ be a cyclic totally real number field of odd degree over $\mathbb{Q}$ with odd class number, such that every totally positive unit is the square of a unit, and such that $2$ is inert in $K/\mathbb{Q}$. We define a family of number fields $\{K(p)\}_p$, depending on $K$ and indexed by the rational primes $p$ that split completely in $K/\mathbb{Q}$, such that $p$ is always ramified in $K(p)$ of degree $2$. Conditional on a standard conjecture on short character sums, the density of such rational primes $p$ that exhibit one of two possible ramified factorizations in $K(p)/\mathbb{Q}$ is strictly between $0$ and $1$ and is given explicitly as a formula in terms of $[K:\mathbb{Q}]$. Our results are unconditional in the cubic case. Our proof relies on a detailed study of the joint distribution of spins of prime ideals

Unbalanced chemical equations conversion to Mark-up format and representation to vision impaired students

This paper describes a method to represent unbalanced chemical equations to vision impaired students which allows them to navigate through classified data, such as species, elements, quantity numbers at the left and right hand sides of equations, reactants, and products. Then they can find appropriate coefficients and balance chemical equations without involving to mathematical aspects of balancing and remembering a lot of information. The goal of this research was the development of an application which assists vision impaired students enrolled in chemistry course to be able to read chemistry literature containing formulae, chemistry representations of elements, and other aspects of chemistry that has been difficult in the past to present in a way for vision impaired people to understand. Developed application by this research is an open source command line Bash Script application under Linux which accepts an unbalanced chemical equation as an input, processes, classifies information, and represents it as Mark-up format or Alternative Audio Descriptive using Text to Speech

Design of a microwave radiometer for monitoring high voltage insulator contamination level

Microwave radiometry is a novel method for monitoring contamination levels on high voltage insulators. The microwave radiometer described measures energy emitted from the contamination layer and could provide a safe, reliable, contactless monitoring method that is effective under dry conditions. The design of the system has focused on optimizing accuracy, stability and sensitivity using a relatively low cost architecture. Experimental results demonstrate that the output from the radiometer is able to clearly distinguish between samples with different contamination levels under dry conditions. This contamination monitoring method could potentially provide advance warning of the future failure of wet insulators in climates where insulators can experience dry conditions for extended periods

Cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy of Microorganisms in a Liquid Film on Spoiled Chicken Skin

Cryo-scanning electron microscopy was used to examine bacteria which had grown in a liquid film on the skin surface of poultry carcasses. Pits or void zones surrounding bacteria on ethanol-dehydrated, critical point dried (CPD) samples were not found on washed or untreated specimens frozen prior to examination by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). However, pits equivalent to those produced during chemical fixation and dehydration were formed when skin tissue was treated with ethanol prior to freezing. We conclude that the pits are dehydration artifacts caused by the chemical preparative methods employed rather than the result of degradation of film proteins by extracellular enzymes of microbial origin

Mapping the sensitivity of split ring resonators using a localized analyte

Split ring resonator (SRR) based metamaterials have frequently been demonstrated for use as optical sensors of organic materials. This is made possible by matching the wavelength of the SRR plasmonic resonance with a molecular resonance of a specific analyte, which is usually placed on top of the metal structure. However, systematic studies of SRRs that identify the regions that exhibit a high electric field strength are commonly performed using simulations. In this paper we demonstrate that areas of high electric field strength, termed “hot-spots,” can be found by localizing a small quantity of organic analyte at various positions on or near the structure. Furthermore, the sensitivity of the SRR to the localized analyte can be quantified to determine, experimentally, suitable regions for optical sensing

INTRODUCING A FRAMEWORK FOR CONFLATING ROAD NETWORK DATA WITH SEMANTIC WEB TECHNOLOGIES

Road network asset management is a challenging task as many data sources with different road asset location accuracies are available. In Australia and New Zealand transport agencies are investigating into harmonisation of road asset data, whereby two or more data sets are merged to create a new data set. Currently, identifying relations between road assets of the same meaning is not always possible, as road authorities of these countries use their own data structures and standards. This paper employs SemanticWeb Technologies, such as RDF/Turtle ontologies and semantic rules to enable road network conflation (merge multiple data sets without creating a new data set) as a first step towards data harmonisation by means of information exchange, and shifts road network data from intersections and road nodes to data sets considering the accuracy of the data sets in the selected area. The data integration from GeoJSON into RDF/Turtle files is processed with Python. A geographic coordinates shifting algorithm reads unique data entries that have been extracted from RDF/Turtle into JSON-LD and saves the processed data in their origin file format, so that a closed data flow can be approached