Exploring the link between employment search time and reservation wages in Southern Europe

In our piece of work we are facing a two-fold problem: on the one hand, we study the behaviour of job seekers and the extent to which reservation wages and unemployment benefits play a relevant role in the transition into working life. On the other hand, we intend to find out whether the determinants of the job search process may also affect subsequent wages.transiciones laborales, prestaciones por desempleo, salarios de reserva, ganancias,earnings, transitions into work, unemployment benefits, reservation wages.

Exploring the link between employment search time and reservation

In our piece of work we are facing a two-fold problem: on the one hand, we study the behaviour of young job seekers and the extent to which reservation wages and unemployment benefits play a relevant role in the transition into working life. On the other hand, we intend to find out whether the determinants of the job search process may also affect subsequent wages. We undertake an empirical approach combining one-step estimations with two-step instrumental variables techniques. The data used to this end come from the European Community Household Panel (ECHP) for the period 1995-2001. To be precise, the sub-sample gathers both male and female Southern European (Italian, Greek, Spanish and Portuguese) workers. From the results of the analysis important subtleties arise, particularly related to differences across countries.Transitions into work, unemployment benefits, reservation wages, earnings.

New relative indices of inequality base don the lorenz curve: perimeter and longitudinal ratio measures?

Empleando como fuente estadística la Memoria de la Administración Tributaria del año 2005, este trabajo presenta dos medidas alternativas de la medición de la desigualdad del ingreso en España.inequality, relative indices of inequality

On the use of preference-based evolutionary multi-objective optimization for solving a credibilistic portfolio selection model

The portfolio selection problem tries to identify the assets to allocate the capital, and the proportion to be devoted to each asset, for maximizing the returns at the minimum risk. By nature, this is a multi-objective optimization problem. In this work, we propose a three-objective model for portfolio selection, in which the uncertainty of the portfolio returns is modelled by means of LR-power fuzzy variables. We consider as criteria the credibilistic expected return (to be maxi- mized), the below-mean absolute semi-deviation as a risk measure (to be minimized), and a loss function which evaluates the credibility of achieving a non-positive return (to be minimized). The uncorrelation among the risk and loss measures concludes that they provide different information. Budget, cardinality, and diversification constraints are considered. To generate non-dominated portfolios fitting the investor' expectations, preference-based evolutionary algorithms are applied. The preferences are given by aspiration values to be attained by the objectives and profiles representing aggressive, cautious, and conservative investors are analysed. The results for data of the IBEX35 show that portfolios improving the preferences are found in the cautious and aggressive cases, while portfolios with objective values as close as possible to the expectations are obtained in the conservative case. In the generation process, the credibilistic loss has played an important role to and diversified portfolios.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Repercusiones de la prestación de cuidados informales a personas discapacitadas: un análisis detallado para Andalucía

En este trabajo se analizan los perfiles que presentan -en Andalucía y en el resto de España- las personas que cuidan de dependientes, centrándonos en aquellas que proporcionan cuidados informales a personas discapacitadas. Entre otras cuestiones se evalúa cómo la atención a personas en situación de dependencia debida a una discapacidad condiciona o limita las posibilidades de las mujeres en el mercado de trabajo.Dependencia, discapacidad, género, cuidados, mercado laboral.

An application of multiobjetive programming to the study of workers' satisfaction in the spanish labour market

In this paper, a multiobjective scheme is used to study the satisfaction levels of the Spanish workers. Data obtained from a panel survey conducted in several European countries are used to build up a multiobjective model, on the basis of a previous statistical and econometric analysis of these data. Then, a Reference Point based method is implemented to determine the profile of the most satisfied worker in Spain nowadays. Finally, a combined Goal Programming – Reference Point approach is used to determine policies than can be carried out in order to increase the workers’ satisfaction levels.Workers’ Satisfaction, Econometric analyses, Multiobjective Programming.

El efecto del capital cultural sobre el rendimiento educativo diferencial por género

Uno de los aspectos menos tratados respecto a las funciones de producción educativa, en España, es el de la influencia de los estilos de vida, como medio para caracterizar la influencia del contexto familiar en lo que respecta al denominado “capital cultural”. Este capital favorece la adquisición en la familia de valores y normas necesarios para potenciar un alto rendimiento académico. Este trabajo evalúa si las variables de capital cultural afectan de forma diferencial al rendimiento de niñas y niños en educación primaria y secundaria en Andalucía, empleando datos del curso 2009/10. En particular se pretende determinar hasta qué punto se pueden diseñar intervenciones que permitan corregir las diferencias de género tanto en rendimiento como en elección de campo de estudio, por cuanto ambas cuestiones no solo afectan a la desigualdad actual sino a potenciales diferencias en las carreras educativo-formativas futuras de mujeres y hombres, y a sus oportunidades laborales. Cuando se analizan las variables relativas al "capital cultural" los resultados mostrados en la literatura previa se ven matizados de forma significativa y se observan impactos diferenciales por razón de género que merecen ser puestos en valor y que dan robustez complementaria a algunos de los argumentos esgrimidos por la economía feminista.One of the less discussed issues in the literature on educational production functions, in Spain, is the influence of lifestyles as a way of characterizing more precisely the impact of gender and family background on educational outcomes, regarding the so-called "cultural capital." This capital potentially favors the acquisition of family values and norms necessary to boost educational outcomes. We intend to check whether this is supported by empirical evidence based on Spanish microdata (for the academic year 2009/10) and, additionally, whether these measures of cultural capital have any relationship with pupil’s subsequent educational choices at the end of compulsory education (age 16), both in terms of formal education and labor market opportunities. Once we control for "cultural capital" related variables significant nuances arise regarding to previous results dealing with gender differences, giving empirical additional support to many theories coming from the feminist economics

La salud de los menores: ¿otra fuente de transmisión intergeneracional de desigualdades?

El presente documento aborda la potencial relación entre el estado de salud de progenitores y descendientes, y entre este último y el estatus socioeconómico familiar, partiendo de la base de que la comprensión de la asociación entre la salud de los menores y la de sus progenitores puede contribuir a un mejor entendimiento de los mecanismos que potencian o restringen las posibilidades de movilidad intergeneracional.Menores, salud, obesidad,movilidad intergeneracional.

On the use of the Lp distance in reference point-based approaches for multiobjective optimization

Reference point-based methods are very useful techniques for solving multiobjective optimization problems. In these methods, the most commonly used achievement scalarizing functions are based on the Tchebychev distance (minmax approach), which generates every Pareto optimal solution in any multiobjective optimization problem, but does not allow compensation among the deviations to the reference values given that it minimizes the value of the highest deviation. At the same time, for any 1<=p<=inf, compromise programming minimizes the Lp distance to the ideal objective vector from the feasible objective region. Although the ideal objective vector can be replaced by a reference point, achievable reference points are not supported by this approach, and special care must be taken in the unachievable case. In this paper, for 1<=p<inf, we propose a new scheme based on the Lp distance, in which different single-objective optimization problems are designed and solved depending on the achievability of the reference point. The formulation proposed allows different compensation degrees among the deviations to the reference values. It is proven that, in the achievable case, any optimal solution obtained is efficient, and, in the unachievable one, it is at least weakly efficient, although it is assured to be efficient if an augmentation term is added to the new formulation. Besides, we suggest an interactive algorithm where the new formulation is embedded. Finally, we show the empirical advantages of the new formulation by its application to both numerical problems and a real multiobjective optimization problem, for achievable and unachievable reference points