39,912 research outputs found
EPLURIBuS uNuM
Many words can be regarded as made up of a sequence of smaller ones. This article takes a look at some
Analysis of trends in premature mortality by Labour voting in the 1997 general election
Mortality relates to voting patterns within areas: mortality is higher the greater the proportion of the electorate who vote Labour or abstain and the converse is the case with regard to the percentage of the electorate who vote Conservative. This reflects the socioeconomic characteristics of individuals who vote for these parties, with Labour being identified with the working class and the Conservatives with the middle class. In the 1997 election, Labour was returned to office after 18 years in opposition. The government has released targets for reducing health inequalities and made it clear that such a reduction is a principal policy aim. These targets may be difficult to meet for two reasons. Firstly, factors influencing inequalities in adult health act from an early age onwards and may not respond rapidly to social change3; secondly, there has as yet been no reduction in social inequality (as indexed by income inequality) under the Labour government.4 Here we use premature mortality as an indicator of which population groups have fared best under the present government
Metric half-span model support system
A model support system used to support a model in a wind tunnel test section is described. The model comprises a metric, or measured, half-span supported by a nonmetric, or nonmeasured half-span which is connected to a sting support. Moments and forces acting on the metric half-span are measured without interference from the support system during a wind tunnel test
Nuclear bars and blue nuclei within barred spiral galaxies
Multicolour near IR photometry for a sample of 32 large barred spiral
galaxies is presented. By applying ellipse fitting techniques, we identify
significant isophote twists with respect to the primary bar axis in the nuclear
regions of 70 \%\ of the sample. These twists are identified in galaxies
as late as SBbc and are clearly distinguishable from spiral arm morphology. At
most seven of the galaxies with isophote twists are inferred to possess
secondary (nuclear) bars, the axis ratios of which appear to correlate with
morphological type. The remainder may result from triaxial bulges, or from
oblate bulges misaligned with the primary bar. The near IR colour distributions
in these data show evidence for (red) circumnuclear star forming rings in 4
galaxies. The majority of the sample (19) also possess striking blue nuclear
regions, bluer than typical old stellar populations by 0.3 mag. in (J--H)
and 0.23 mag. in (H--K). Such blue colours do not appear to correlate
with the presence of nuclear rings or pseudo--rings, nor with the activity of
the host galaxy (as determined from emission--line spectroscopic
characteristics). Several mechanisms to explain this blue colour are
considered.Comment: 24 pages plain LaTex( including table captions), 5 tables and 18
figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Paper and tables available via
anonymous ftp://143.167.4.101/pub/papers as sqiid-paper.tex and
table1,2,3.tex, table4.ps, table5.ps. Figures available as postcript upon
request to first Autho
Kinetics of non-equilibrium quasiparticle tunneling in superconducting charge qubits
We directly observe low-temperature non-equilibrium quasiparticle tunneling
in a pair of charge qubits based on the single Cooper-pair box. We measure
even- and odd-state dwell time distributions as a function of temperature, and
interpret these results using a kinetic theory. While the even-state lifetime
is exponentially distributed, the odd-state distribution is more heavily
weighted to short times, implying that odd-to-even tunnel events are not
described by a homogenous Poisson process. The mean odd-state dwell time
increases sharply at low temperature, which is consistent with quasiparticles
tunneling out of the island before reaching thermal equilibrium.Comment: Replaced Figure 1 with color version, corrected more typos. Version
submitted to PR
Design of a "Digital Atlas Vme Electronics" (DAVE) Module
ATLAS-SCT has developed a new ATLAS trigger card, 'Digital Atlas Vme
Electronics' ("DAVE"). The unit is designed to provide a versatile array of
interface and logic resources, including a large FPGA. It interfaces to both
VME bus and USB hosts. DAVE aims to provide exact ATLAS CTP (ATLAS Central
Trigger Processor) functionality, with random trigger, simple and complex
deadtime, ECR (Event Counter Reset), BCR (Bunch Counter Reset) etc. being
generated to give exactly the same conditions in standalone running as
experienced in combined runs. DAVE provides additional hardware and a large
amount of free firmware resource to allow users to add or change functionality.
The combination of the large number of individually programmable inputs and
outputs in various formats, with very large external RAM and other components
all connected to the FPGA, also makes DAVE a powerful and versatile FPGA
utility cardComment: 8 pages, 4 figures, TWEPP-2011; E-mail: [email protected]
Absolute linear instability in laminar and turbulent gas/liquid two-layer channel flow
We study two-phase stratified flow where the bottom layer is a thin laminar
liquid and the upper layer is a fully-developed gas flow. The gas flow can be
laminar or turbulent. To determine the boundary between convective and absolute
instability, we use Orr--Sommerfeld stability theory, and a combination of
linear modal analysis and ray analysis. For turbulent gas flow, and for the
density ratio r=1000, we find large regions of parameter space that produce
absolute instability. These parameter regimes involve viscosity ratios of
direct relevance to oil/gas flows. If, instead, the gas layer is laminar,
absolute instability persists for the density ratio r=1000, although the
convective/absolute stability boundary occurs at a viscosity ratio that is an
order of magnitude smaller than in the turbulent case. Two further unstable
temporal modes exist in both the laminar and the turbulent cases, one of which
can exclude absolute instability. We compare our results with an
experimentally-determined flow-regime map, and discuss the potential
application of the present method to non-linear analyses.Comment: 33 pages, 20 figure
Electrochemical Characterization of Nonaqueous Systems for Secondary Battery Application Quarterly Report, May - Jul. 1968
Electrochemical characterization of nonaqueous systems for secondary battery applicatio
Craft Design and Technology in Primary Schools
Craft, Design and Technology, with its problemsolving base is now well established in secondary schools and the recent DES statement on the organisation and content of the 5-16 curriculum has clearly set the Government's seal of approval on this aspect of the secondary curriculum. However, it is important to note that the document also places a strong emphasis on children making an early start in CDT type experiences by providing them right from the infant stage of the primary phase of education.The mere existence, let alone the far-reaching implications of such a statement may surprise both traditionally minded secondary CDT teachers - 'Young kids can't handle tools, let alone design "; and some primary teachers for whom 'science' and 'using tools and materials' have frightening connotations. Despite reactions of this kind, there are at least two crucial issues which must be faced when seriously considering this question
Characteristics of an anechoic chamber for fan noise testing
Acoustical and mechanical design features of NASA Lewis Research Center's engine fan noise facility are described. Acoustic evaluation of the chamber, which is lined with an array of stepped wedges, is described. Results from the evaluation in terms of cut-off frequency and non-anechoic areas near the walls are detailed. Fan models are electrically driven to 20,600 RPM in either the inlet mode or exhaust mode to facilitate study of both fore and aft fan noise. Inlet noise characteristics of the first fan tested are discussed and compared to full-scale levels. Turbulence properties of the inlet flow and acoustic results are compared with and without a turbulence reducing screen over the fan inlet
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