Translation and validation of Marathi version of questionnaire for urinary incontinence diagnosis

Background: Urinary incontinence is a common health problem among women, which affects the quality of life. knowledge about the risk factors of urinary incontinence in this population will help us to take measures to reduce the burden of the condition. Questionnaire for urinary incontinence diagnosis (QUID) helps to distinguish type of incontinence. Methods: It was a community based cross-sectional study involving women living in the rural areas. A total of 25 women were taken for this study to find out reliability and validity of Marathi version of this questionnaire. Data was analysed with statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 20.0. Results: The internal consistency (homogeneity) was evaluated by Cronbach’s α coefficient, which was 0.795. validation was obtained from expert panel and the pilot testing showed that the questionnaire is acceptable. Conclusions: QUID Marathi version has been proven a reliable and valid tool for assessing urinary incontinence in women. It can be used as a quick screening tool for urinary incontinence in women of rural population

Fea Based Study of Effect of Radial Variation of Outer Link in A Typical Roller Chain Link Assembly

Chain Link assembly is extensively used in the industry, the scope of this paper is to review the applications in the industry and explore the design considerations that go into the design of the assembly. The paper delves into various application aspects and manufacturing aspects to formulate an idea of the system. Finally Finite Element Analysis (FEA) has been used to conduct shape optimization. Since lot of work has already been done in other components, in this paper the focus has been narrowed down to specific component of outer link. Within the outer link, most dimensions in the industry are parametrically defined, however one dimension, the radius that is in between the inter connecting holes is left to manufacturer convenience. In this paper we assess the impact of this radius on the stress in the system, and see if material saving and consequently efficiency increment is possible

Control of fungi associated with green gram seeds by using Trichoderma species

In the recent years, the biological control has received a worldwide attention and is being integrated effectively with other pesticides. Moreover, in the context of environmental pollution the use of biological agents is considered quite safe. Three Trichoderma species viz. T. viride, T. harzionum and Trichoderma sp. (Local) were evaluated against Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Alternaria tenuis, Fusarium oxysporium, Penicillium citrinum, Drechslera longirostrata and Fusarium solani. All the Trichoderma species were effective against above pathogens but Trichoderma (Local) proved to be superior for inhibition of the above pathogen as compared to other Trichoderma species

Mycoflora associated with Pigeon pea and Chickpea

Pigeonpea (Cajanu. cajan.) and Chick Pea (Cicer arietinum) are major pulse crops grown in India. The seed mycoflora was screened by using agar plate method. seeds of varieties of these pulse crops was used in the study and results were obtained from untreated and treated seeds. The untreated seeds were found to be associated with highest percent incidence of mycoflora. In case of untreated seeds the percent incidence of Aspergillus flavus (30%) was the highest followed by     A. niger (25%), Penicillium notatum (20 %), Cladosporium herbarum (18%), where as all other fungi were within the range of (3 to 15%)

Experimental Parametric Study of Biodiesel to Develop Economic Zero Effluent Discharge (ZED) for Diesel System

In this globalization realm, there in constant growth in the rate of expenditure of fossil fuels, consequent on ever increasing population and urbanization. This gives charge to depletion of finite resources in the near future. Fossil fuel emission causes global-warming also green-house gases are intangible factor which collectively degrading the planet. As such, the situation demands for an alternate source of energy that can be used to overcome the conjectured energy crisis. In contrast to this, if the energy source is clean and renewable, it will reduce the environmental trouble as well. In the quest an alternate and renewable energy resources, scientists have plead with a variety of options among which biodiesel-diesel blends as alternative fuels has become a popular option and is getting the attention of many researchers. This is because scientists have enlist the properties of biodiesel prepared from vegetable oils are very close to commercial diesel and thus it has a promising future as an alternative fuel for diesel engine. Biodiesel being renewable, biodegradable and green fuel can reduce our dependence on conventional/non-renewable fossil fuels and it also helps to keep pure quality of air by reducing obnoxious automotive/vehicular emissions. Possible solution of this problem is to replace or find renewable and economically feasible fuel as an alternative source. Already a lot of work for source which fulfill the criteria of sustainability and economical carried out. But the effluent is critical issues. So characterization and formation of biodiesel with zero effluent is prime objective

Hand-eye calibration for robotic assisted minimally invasive surgery without a calibration object

In a robot mounted camera arrangement, handeye calibration estimates the rigid relationship between the robot and camera coordinate frames. Most hand-eye calibration techniques use a calibration object to estimate the relative transformation of the camera in several views of the calibration object and link these to the forward kinematics of the robot to compute the hand-eye transformation. Such approaches achieve good accuracy for general use but for applications such as robotic assisted minimally invasive surgery, acquiring a calibration sequence multiple times during a procedure is not practical. In this paper, we present a new approach to tackle the problem by using the robotic surgical instruments as the calibration object with well known geometry from CAD models used for manufacturing. Our approach removes the requirement of a custom sterile calibration object to be used in the operating room and it simplifies the process of acquiring calibration data when the laparoscope is constrained to move around a remote centre of motion. This is the first demonstration of the feasibility to perform hand-eye calibration using components of the robotic system itself and we show promising validation results on synthetic data as well as data acquired with the da Vinci Research Kit

Digital refocusing and extended depth of field reconstruction in Fourier ptychographic microscopy

Fourier ptychography microscopy (FPM) is a recently developed microscopic imaging method that allows the recovery of a high-resolution complex image by combining a sequence of bright and darkfield images acquired under inclined illumination. The capacity of FPM for high resolution imaging at low magnification makes it particularly attractive for applications in digital pathology which require imaging of large specimens such as tissue sections and blood films. To date most applications of FPM have been limited to imaging thin samples, simplifying both image reconstruction and analysis. In this work we show that, for samples of intermediate thickness (defined here as less than the depth of field of a raw captured image), numerical propagation of the reconstructed complex field allows effective digital refocusing of FPM images. The results are validated by comparison against images obtained with an equivalent high numerical aperture objective lens. We find that post reconstruction refocusing (PRR) yields images comparable in quality to adding a defocus term to the pupil function within the reconstruction algorithm, while reducing computing time by several orders of magnitude. We apply PRR to visualize FPM images of Giemsa-stained peripheral blood films and present a novel image processing pipeline to construct an effective extended depth of field image which optimally displays the 3D sample structure in a 2D image. We also show how digital refocusing allows effective correction of the chromatic focus shifts inherent to the low magnification objective lenses used in FPM setups, improving the overall quality of color FPM images