77 research outputs found
Bilinear Quantum Monte Carlo: Expectations and Energy Differences
We propose a bilinear sampling algorithm in Green's function Monte Carlo for
expectation values of operators that do not commute with the Hamiltonian and
for differences between eigenvalues of different Hamiltonians. The integral
representations of the Schroedinger equations are transformed into two
equations whose solution has the form , where
and are the wavefunctions for the two related systems and
is a kernel chosen to couple and . The Monte Carlo process,
with random walkers on the enlarged configuration space , solves
these equations by generating densities whose asymptotic form is the above
bilinear distribution. With such a distribution, exact Monte Carlo estimators
can be obtained for the expectation values of quantum operators and for energy
differences. We present results of these methods applied to several test
problems, including a model integral equation, and the hydrogen atom.Comment: 27 page
Cluster Performance reconsidered: Structure, Linkages and Paths in the German Biotechnology Industry, 1996-2003
This paper addresses the evolution of biotechnology clusters in Germany between 1996 and 2003, paying particular attention to their respective composition in terms of venture capital, basic science institutions and biotechnology firms. Drawing upon the significance of co-location of "money and ideas", the literature stressing the importance of a cluster's openness and external linkages, and the path dependency debate, the paper aims to analyse how certain cluster characteristics correspond with its overall performance. After identifying different cluster types, we investigate their internal and external interconnectivity in comparative manner and draw on changes in cluster composition. Our results indicate that the structure, i.e. to which group the cluster belongs, and the openness towards external knowledge flows deliver merely unsystematic indications with regard to a cluster's overall success. Its ability to change composition towards a more balanced ratio of science and capital over time, on the other hand, turns out as a key explanatory factor. Hence, the dynamic perspective proves effective illuminating cluster growth and performance, where our explorative findings provide a promising avenue for further evolutionary research
Anatomical study of the female reproductive system and bacteriome of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, (Insecta: Hemiptera, Liviidae) using micro-computed tomography
Huanglongbing (HLB) (citrus greening disease) is one of the most serious bacterial diseases of citrus. It
is caused by (1) Candidatus Liberibacter africanus, transmitted by Trioza erytreae and (2) C.L. asiaticus
and C.L. americanus, transmitted by Diaphorina citri. As part of a multidisciplinary project on D. citri
(www.citrusgreening.org), we made a detailed study, using micro-computed tomography, of the female
abdominal terminalia, reproductive system (ovaries, accessory glands, spermatheca, colleterial (=
cement) gland, connecting ducts, and ovipositor) and bacteriome, which we present here. New terms
and structures are introduced and described, particularly concerning the spermatheca, ovipositor and
bacteriome. The quality of images and bacteriome reconstructions are comparable, or clearer, than
those previously published using a synchrotron or fuorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). This study:
reviews knowledge of the female reproductive system and bacteriome organ in D. citri; represents
the frst detailed morphological study of D. citri to use micro-CT; and extensively revises existing
morphological information relevant to psylloids, hemipterans and insects in general. High quality
images and supplementary videos represent a signifcant advance in knowledge of psylloid anatomy
and are useful tools for future research and as educational aids.Kansas State University (KSU)
S15192.01University of Granada, USDA-NIFA
S15192.01
2014-70016-2302
In vitro Anticancer Screening of 24 Locally Used Nigerian Medicinal Plants
Background: Plants that are used as traditional medicine represent a relevant pool for selecting plant candidates that may have anticancer properties. In this study, the ethnomedicinal approach was used to select several medicinal plants native to Nigeria, on the basis of their local or traditional uses. The collected plants were then evaluated for cytoxicity. Methods: The antitumor activity of methanolic extracts obtained from 24 of the selected plants, were evaluated in vitro on five human cancer cell lines. Results: Results obtained from the plants screened indicate that 18 plant extracts of folk medicine exhibited promising cytotoxic activity against human carcinoma cell lines. Erythrophleum suaveolens (Guill. & Perr.) Brenan was found to demonstrate potent anti-cancer activity in this study exhibiting IC50 = 0.2-1.3 g/ml. Conclusions: Based on the significantly potent activity of some plants extracts reported here, further studies aimed at mechanism elucidation and bio-guided isolation of active anticancer compounds is currently underway.Chemistry and Chemical Biolog
Crystal-structure of NA3(NH4)12[MO57FE6(NO)6O174(OH)3(H2O)24] · 76H2O, a Compound with an Unique Clusteranion
Müller A, Plass W, Krickemeyer E, et al. Kristallstruktur von Na3(NH4)12[Mo57Fe6(NO)6O174(OH)3(H2O)24] · 76H2O, einer Verbindung mit einem ungewöhnlichen Clusteranion. Monatshefte für Chemie. 1994;125(5):525-533.The X-ray crystal structure of the compound Na3(NH4)12[Mo57Fe6(NO)6O174(OH)3(H2O)24].76H2O (3) [P6(3)/mmc; a = 2380.6(5), c = 2763.497), Z = 2], the giant cluster anion of which has the shape of a doughnut, shows remarkable details: The cluster [{Fe(H2O)2}6{Mo(mu-H2O)2(mu-OH)Mo}3{Mo15(MoNO)23+O58(H2O)2}3]15-can be described as being composed of three transferable {Mo17} ligands bridged by cationic centers and contains a novel nanodimensional central cavity
(NPr4n)[SRev(S4)(S3CMe2)]: Ein [SRev(S4)2]−-Derivat
Müller A, Lemke M, Krickemeyer E, Bögge H, Penk M. (NPr4n)[SRev(S4)(S3CMe2)]: Ein [SRev(S4)2]−-Derivat. Monatshefte für Chemie Chemical Monthly. 1993;124(8-9):857-866
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