Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase improves the efficiency of positive selection

We have generated transgenic mice expressing the amino-terminal fragment of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) catalytic subunit (p110(ABD)) in thymocytes. Expression of P110(ABD) results in constitutive activation of PI3K and in significant increases in the numbers of mature, single-positive thymocytes. We previously reported that the increase in mature cells was in part due to a defect in thymic emigration. In this study we identify another component to this phenotype. Expression of p110(ABD) results in an enhancement of positive selection, without alterations in thymocyte lifespan or negative selection. Since PI3K can affect activation of Btk, which in turn potentiates calcium fluxes, during B cell development, our results suggest that PI3K could play a role in the regulation of Itk kinases in T cells, and that both cell types share a common signaling network to modulate calcium responses downstream of their antigen receptor

Efektifitas Lc 3e Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Memprediksi Dan Mengkomunikasikan Ikatan Kimia

This research aimed to describe the effectiveness of LC 3E to improve the predicting and communicating skills on chemical bond matery.  The population were all students of class X SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Bandar Lampung 2013-2014 and class XB and XC as samples. Purposive sampling were used as a method with quasi experimental pretest posttest control group design. Effectiveness of LC 3E was measured by the n-Gain that significantly difference.  The results showed the n-Gain average of predicting skill for the experimental class and control class were 0.002 and 0.09 and for communication skill were 0.11 and 0.18. Based on hypothesis test, concluded that LC 3 E was not effective in improving the predicting and communicating skills on chemical bond matery.Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan efektifitas LC 3 E  untuk meningkatkan keterampilan memprediksi dan mengkomunikasikan pada materi ikatan kimia. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas X SMA Muhammadiyah 2 Bandar Lampung tahun ajaran 2013-2014 dengan kelas XB dan XC sebagai sampel. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan purposive sampling metode kuasi eksperimen Pretest Posttest  Control Group Design. Efektifitas LC 3 E diukur berdasarkan perbedaan n-Gain yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata n-Gain keterampilan memprediksi untuk kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol yaitu 0.002 dan 0.09, dan rata-rata n-Gain keterampilan mengkomunikasikan yaitu 0.11 dan 0.18. Berdasarkan uji hipotesis, didapat kesimpulan bahwa LC 3 E tidak efektif untuk meningkatkan keterampilan memprediksi dan mengkomunikasikan pada materi ikatan kimia

Ketangguhan Retak, Kekerasan Dan Konduktivitas Ionik Csz Sebagai Elekrolit Padat Sofc Dengan Penambahan Cuo

KETANGGUHAN RETAK, KEKERASAN DAN KONDUKTIVITAS IONIK CSZ SEBAGAI ELEKROLIT PADAT SOFC DENGAN PENAMBAHAN CuO. Penelitian mengenai pengaruh penambahan CuO terhadap konduktivitas ionik, kekerasan dan ketangguhan retak CSZ sebagai elektrolit padat SOFC telah dilakukan. CSZ didoping dengan CuO dengan konsentrasi 0, 1, dan 2 % berat. Pelet CSZ yang didoping CuO dikompaksi dengan tekanan 4 ton/cm2 dan disinter pada suhu 1475 0C selama 3 jam. Konduktivitas ionik diukur dengan menggunakan alat LCR meter. Konduktivitas ionik CSZ dengan doping 0, 1, dan 2 % berat CuO adalah 0,063 mS/cm; 0,110 mS/cm; dan 0,082 mS/cm. Kekerasan dan ketangguhan retak diukur dengan metode vickers menggunakan alat uji keras Zwick. Hasil kekerasan vickers berturut-turut 9,9 GPa; 12,1 GPa; dan 10,5 GPa, dan ketangguhan retak berturut-turut 1,61 MPa/m0,5; 1,85 MPa/m0,5; dan 1,54 MPa/m0,5. Analisis struktur kristal dilakukan dengan menggunakan XRD. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa keramik yang dibuat berfase kubik FCC. Analisis struktur mikro dengan menggunakan mikroskop optik menunjukkan bertambahnya ukuran butir dengan peningkatan 1% berat CuO. Secara keseluruhan penambahan CuO dengan konsentrasi 1% berat dapat memperbaiki sifat listrik dan sifat mekanik CSZ sebagai elektrolit padat

Suppression of ILC2 differentiation from committed T cell precursors by E protein transcription factors

Current models propose that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are generated in the bone marrow. Here, we demonstrate that subsets of these cells can differentiate from multipotent progenitors and committed T cell precursors in the thymus, both in vivo and in vitro. These thymic ILC2s exit the thymus, circulate in the blood, and home to peripheral tissues. Ablation of E protein transcription factors greatly promotes the ILC fate while impairing B and T cell development. Consistently, a transcriptional network centered on the ZBTB16 transcription factor and IL-4 signaling pathway is highly up-regulated due to E protein deficiency. Our results show that ILC2 can still arise from what are normally considered to be committed T cell precursors, and that this alternative cell fate is restrained by high levels of E protein activity in these cells. Thymus-derived lung ILC2s of E protein-deficient mice show different transcriptomes, proliferative properties, and cytokine responses from wild-type counterparts, suggesting potentially distinct functions

Pengembangan Buku Ajar Zat Aditif Adiktif-psikotropika Bermuatan Ketuhanan Dan Cinta Lingkungan

This research aimed to develop textbook on addictives and addictive-psychotropic material that have religious content and enviromental awareness; to describe the characteristics; to describe the teacher and student responses,and to describe the problems in developing the textbook.  This research method was research and development from Sugiyono (2008).  Based on teacher responses of the developed textbook in the content’s suitability aspect was very high (84,44%), and the attractiveness aspect was very high (85%). Based on student responses of the developed textbook in the readable aspect was very high (87,85%). Based on result, it can be concluded that textbook has very high quality which were attractive, appropriate with material, and readable. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan buku ajar zat aditif dan adiktif-psikotropika bermuatan nilai ketuhanan dan kecintaan terhadap lingkungan, mendeskripsikan karakteristik, mendeskripsikantanggapan guru dan siswa, serta mendeskripsikan kendala-kendala yang dihadapi dalam mengembangkan buku ajar. Metode penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian dan pengembangan dari Sugiyono (2008). Berdasarkan tanggapan guru terhadap buku ajar yang dikembangkan memiliki aspek kesesuaian isi sangat tinggi yaitu 84,44%, dan aspek kemenarikan sangat tinggi yaitu 85%. Berdasarkan tanggapan siswa terhadap buku ajar yang dikembangkan memiliki aspek keterbacaan sangat tinggi yaitu 87,85%. Berdasarkan tanggapan tersebut dapat disimpulkan buku ajar yang dikembangkan memiliki kualitas sangat tinggi yaitu menarik, sesuai dengan materi, dan terbaca dengan jelas.

Advancing Pharmacist Collaborative Care within Academic Health Systems.

INTRODUCTION:The scope of pharmacy practice has evolved over the last few decades to focus on the optimization of medication therapy. Despite this positive impact, the lack of reimbursement remains a significant barrier to the implementation of innovative pharmacist practice models. SUMMARY:We describe the successful development, implementation and outcomes of three types of pharmacist collaborative care models: (1) a pharmacist with physician oversight, (2) pharmacist-interprofessional teams and (3) physician-pharmacist teams. The outcome measurement of these pharmacist care models varied from the design phase to patient volume measurement and to comprehensive quality dashboards. All of these practice models have been successfully funded by affiliated health systems or grants. CONCLUSIONS:The expansion of pharmacist services delivered by clinical faculty has several benefits to affiliated health systems: (1) significant improvements in patient care quality, (2) access to experts in specialty areas, and (3) the dissemination of outcomes with national and international recognition, increasing the visibility of the health system