Isolation and identification of fungal communities from vegetable wastes composts,

Compost preparation was carried out at Department of Botany, Bangalore University Bangalore during 2013 and 2014 by using Cabbage, tomato fresh cow dung and mixed vegetable waste. The experiments were laid down in a completely replicated randomized block design with three replication for each treatment. The qualitative and quantitative composition of individual vegetable composts (Tomato waste, Cabbage waste and mixed vegetable waste) were used for the isolation. The fungi were isolated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and at different temperature 50-55°C. Substantially qualitative differences in the species composition of different vegetables composts were observed. A total of 11 entities were isolated 3 from tomato waste compost, 2 from cabbage waste compost and 4 from mixed vegetable waste at 50°C and 3 at 55°C respectively. This report demonstrates that the qualitative and quantitative characterization of individual composts and fungal communities essential for best industrial application

Emerging small scale trap fishery for whelk, (Babylonia spirata) in Malpe, Southern Karnataka

Babylonia spirata is a commercially important edible gastropod found inhabiting the coastal waters with sandy bottom. Commonly known as whelks, they are landed as by-catch in shrimp trawlers in Kerala and Tamilnadu.There is an emerging fishery for whelks along the Malpe coast (13° 21’ N and 74°42’5” E) with the increase in export demand. Specially designed whelk traps are operated from traditional fishing crafts to collect whelks since January 2005

Growth of Nursery Grown Micro Propagated Bamboo (Bambusa Tulda .L) Inoculated with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR)

A nursery experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of bio inoculants AMF (Glomus mosseae) Frateuria aurantia (potassium mobilizer), Azospirillium (Free nitrogen fixer) on growth promotion of micro propagated thorn less bamboo (Bambusa tulda .L).Bamboo seedlings were inoculated singly or in triple inoculation with Glomus mosseae, Frateuria aurantia and Azospirillium brasilense. The mycorrhizal spore load and per cent root colonization were maximum with triple inoculated plants and least in control and uninoculated plants. - See more at: http://www.worldwidejournals.com/international-journal-of-scientific-research-(IJSR)/articles.php?val=MzMzNw==&b1=89&k=23#sthash.tKy9r1Nv.dpu

Mussel culture in mulky estuary, Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka during 1997-'99

During 1997-'98 seasons, the mussel culture activities were carried out at Mulky estuary with the active participation of local fishermen and the growth rate was studied. Culture work was continued at two places in Mulky estuary during 1998-'99 seasons. The growth rate of mussels in Chitrapu area was higher than that observed in Mulky area. During 1998-'99 seasons, the meat content of the harvested mussel was low as they had spawned before the harvest. The culture works carried out at Mulky estuary reveal that mussel culture can be profitabily done during October-May months in Mulky estuary. The fishermen group can take up the culture activities as a part-time venture as the culture involves minimum labour only during the initial period and thereafter it needs little husbandry work. There is good demand for mussels in monsoon months when supply of marine fish is less due to ban on mechanized fishing. Mussels harvested in May can be processed and marketed for sale during the lean season, for which infrastructural facilities have to be developed. Once the marketing infrastructure is developed mussel culture activities can be taken up by more fishermen group in a profitable manner

Protective Effects of Embelin and Curcumin Against Diethylnitrosamine / Phenobarbital Induced Experimental Hepatocarcinogenesis in Rats

The effects of administration of Curcumin and Embelin on the levels of certain trace elements and other elements of clinical significance, during experimental hepatocarcinogenesis induced by Diethylnitrosamine/ Phenobarbital (DENA/PB) was studied in Wistar strain male albino rats. The levels of calcium, potassium and sodium were determined in the serum of control and experimental groups of rats. Additionally, the levels of chromium, copper, magnesium, molybdenum and zinc were also determined in the serum, liver and kidney of these rats. Furthermore, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity was also assayed in the serum of these rats. Results revealed both significant and non-significant alterations in the levels of few elements during DENA/PB-induced experimental hepatocarcinogenesis. A statistically significant increase in LDH activity was found in the serum during the cancerous condition. Pre- and co-treatment with Curcumin and Embelin was found to protect the liver against the carcinogenic effects of DENA/PB. This protection was i) due to their ability to prevent changes in the levels of elements studied and ii) by the statistically significant decrease in the activity of LDH that increased in DENA/PBtreated rats and LDH activity in the rats given only Embelin and Curcumin indicating their nontoxic effect. Our present results demonstrate the ability of Embelin and Curcumin to protect against DENA/PB-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats

Comprehensive surface magnetotransport study of SmB6

After the theoretical prediction that SmB6 is a topological Kondo insulator, there has been an explosion of studies on the SmB6 surface. However, there is not yet an agreement on even the most basic quantities such as the surface carrier density and mobility. In this paper, we carefully revisit Corbino disk magnetotransport studies to find those surface transport parameters. We first show that subsurface cracks exist in the SmB6 crystals, arising both from surface preparation and during the crystal growth. We provide evidence that these hidden subsurface cracks are additional conduction channels, and the large disagreement between earlier surface SmB6 studies may originate from previous interpretations not taking this extra conduction path into account. We provide an update of more reliable magnetotransport data than the previous one (S. Wolgast et al., Phys. Rev. B 92, 115110) and find that the orders-of-magnitude large disagreements in carrier density and mobility come from the surface preparation and the transport geometry rather than the intrinsic sample quality. From this magnetotransport study, we find an updated estimate of the carrier density and mobility of 2.71×1013 (1/cm2) and 104.5 (cm2/Vsec), respectively. We compare our results with other studies of the SmB6 surface. By this comparison, we provide insight into the disagreements and agreements of the previously reported angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and magnetotorque quantum oscillations measurements

Resurgence of whitefish in trawl landings of Mangalore

Lactarius lactarius, commonly known as false trevally is exploited mainly by trawlers from the inshore waters (5-30 m depth) along the Karnataka coast. Bottom-set gillnets and purseseines also land minor quantities of whitefish, besides the indigenous gears operated during monsoon. The average annual production of false travelly from multiday trawls operated along Mangalore coast remained at 416 t during the period from 2000 to 2002. A declining trend in the fishery was noticed since the year 2000 consequent to reduction in catch rates and the production reached an all-time low of 117 t in 2004. Thereafter, the catch rates in multiday trawl improved significantly from 0.09 kgh–1 in 2004 to an annual average of 0.33 kgh–1 in 2008 (Fig. 1). During the year, 50% of the annual whitefish landing was observed in October- November months, when the catch rates increased from 0.6 to 0.8 kgh–1

Unconventional superconductivity in La7Ir3 revealed by muon spin relaxation : introducing a new family of noncentrosymmetric superconductor that breaks time-reversal symmetry

The superconductivity of the noncentrosymmetric compound La7Ir3 has been investigated using muon spin rotation and relaxation (μSR). Zero-field measurements reveal the presence of spontaneous static or quasi-static magnetic fields below the superconducting transition temperature Tc = 2:25 K - a clear indication that the superconducting state breaks time-reversal symmetry. Furthermore, transverse-field rotation measurements suggest that the superconducting gap is isotropic, and that the pairing symmetry of the superconducting electrons is predominantly s-wave with an enhanced binding strength. The results indicate that the superconductivity in La7Ir3 may be unconventional, and paves the way for further studies of this family of materials