Particularities of the course and treatment of non-ST elevation acute myocardial infarction: data from the REGION-IM registry

Aim. To characterize patients with acute non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) hospitalized in Russian hospitals, study their anamnestic, demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment features and hospital outcomes, as well as compare data from previous Russian and foreign registries of acute coronary syndrome.Material and methods. Russian Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction (REGION-IM) is a multicenter prospective observational study. The case report form contains demographic and anamnestic data, as well as the following information about the present MI: timing of symptom onset, first contact with medical personnel and admission to the hospital; data from coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), therapy, hospitalization outcomes.Results. In total, for the period from November 1, 2020 to June 30, 2023, the study included 3253 patients with STEMI from 73 hospitals (30 vascular surgery departments, 17 of which are equipped with angiographic system, and 43 regional vascular surgery centers) from 45 constituent entities of the Russian Federation. There were 55% of high-risk patients. CAG was performed in 83,73% of patients. In 81%, CAG was performed ≤24 hours from hospitalization. PCI was performed in 62% of patients with NSTEMI. Median onset-to-balloon time was 27 hours [10;77]. The median door-to-balloon time was 5 hours [1;20]. Inhospital mortality was 3%. In the group with CAG, compared with the group without CAG, inhospital mortality was lower (2% and 6%, respectively; p<0,05). In patients with a higher risk according to the GRACE, CRUSADE and ARC-HBR scales, CAG was performed less frequently.Conclusion. In patients with NSTEMI in Russian regions, there is a high frequency of CAG and PCI, including in the early stages. Inhospital mortality is low, especially in the invasive treatment group, and corresponds to data from international registries. In severely ill patients, revascularization is performed less frequently than in low-risk patients. There is room for increasing the prescription rate of modern effective anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents. In general, the quality of treatment for NSTEMI patients has improved in recent years

Subcomplex Iλ Specifically Controls Integrated Mitochondrial Functions in Caenorhabditis elegans

Complex I dysfunction is a common, heterogeneous cause of human mitochondrial disease having poorly understood pathogenesis. The extensive conservation of complex I composition between humans and Caenorhabditis elegans permits analysis of individual subunit contribution to mitochondrial functions at both the whole animal and mitochondrial levels. We provide the first experimentally-verified compilation of complex I composition in C. elegans, demonstrating 84% conservation with human complex I. Individual subunit contribution to mitochondrial respiratory capacity, holocomplex I assembly, and animal anesthetic behavior was studied in C. elegans by RNA interference-generated knockdown of nuclear genes encoding 28 complex I structural subunits and 2 assembly factors. Not all complex I subunits directly impact respiratory capacity. Subcomplex Iλ subunits along the electron transfer pathway specifically control whole animal anesthetic sensitivity and complex II upregulation, proportionate to their relative impairment of complex I-dependent oxidative capacity. Translational analysis of complex I dysfunction facilitates mechanistic understanding of individual gene contribution to mitochondrial disease. We demonstrate that functional consequences of complex I deficiency vary with the particular subunit that is defective

The Method of Cyber Awareness Analysis of an Energy Facility

The article proposes to analyze cyber-situational awareness of an energy facility in three stages. There are i) analysis of cyber threats to the energy infrastructure; ii) modeling of extreme situations scenarios in the energy sector caused by the implementation of the cyber threats; iii) risk assessment of the cybersecurity disruption to energy infrastructure. Three methods are presented, corresponding to each stage. The authors propose to apply semantic modeling methods to analyze the impact of cyber threats to energy facilities, taking into account energy security within the presented approach. Such methods show their effectiveness in the absence or incompleteness of data for modeling the behavior of systems, which defies formal description or accurate forecasting. The presented approach to the cyber situational awareness analysis of energy facilities considered as a synthesis of cybersecurity and situational awareness studies, characterized by the use of semantic modeling methods.</jats:p

Thermodynamic modeling in solving some issues of inland saline ecosystems

The purpose of this work was to show some examples of using thermodynamic modeling to understand quantitatively the water-rock interaction processes in salt lakes systems. The systems of small lakes located compactly are convenient to comparative modeling, because this permits minimization of the number of variables in the model (the climatic, geomorphological and geological specifics, water balance in the same watershed area). Nevertheless, it turns out that each lake is a relatively autonomous system (natural biogeocenosis, formed as a result of diagenesis). Due to the conjugate processes of biogenic and inorganic interactions, they are in a steady state, which has been fixed during the geochemical sampling in the field.</jats:p

Thermodynamic modeling in solving some issues of inland saline ecosystems

The purpose of this work was to show some examples of using thermodynamic modeling to understand quantitatively the water-rock interaction processes in salt lakes systems. The systems of small lakes located compactly are convenient to comparative modeling, because this permits minimization of the number of variables in the model (the climatic, geomorphological and geological specifics, water balance in the same watershed area). Nevertheless, it turns out that each lake is a relatively autonomous system (natural biogeocenosis, formed as a result of diagenesis). Due to the conjugate processes of biogenic and inorganic interactions, they are in a steady state, which has been fixed during the geochemical sampling in the field

ONTOLOGICAL ENGINEERING FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE INTELLIGENT SYSTEM FOR THREATS ANALYSIS AND RISK ASSESSMENT OF CYBERSECURITY IN ENERGY FACILITIES

The article describes the main results of applying ontological engineering in the development of the intelligent system for threats analysis and risk assessment of cybersecurity violations in energy facilities. The ontological knowledge space for the problem area of risk assessment has been built, comprising identification, analysis and evaluation of the risk of cybersecurity incidents that can cause extreme situations in the energy sector. The paper highlights the intellectual system architecture being developed and tasks for which the ontological engineering was carried out. The ontological knowledge space is represented as combining ontology subsystems, the development of which is carried out for each block of the intelligent system. The authors provide ontologies that reflect the basic concepts of cybersecurity, including current threats in the energy sector, risk classification and components of the emergency situation scenario in the energy sector. The produced ontologies allowed to integrate the concepts of the main research areas, including energy security, cybersecurity, scenario planning, and risk management. We used methods of system analysis, methodological foundations for building intelligent information systems in energy research, methods for supporting decision-making, methods of knowledge engineering, methods of semantic modeling, including ontological engineering. The novelty of the work is in the structuring of expert knowledge and the construction of the ontological knowledge space, which is used to develop an intelligent system for analyzing threats and assessing the risks to the cybersecurity of energy facilities.</jats:p

Effect of Potassium on Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Susceptibility of strain S288c of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to fluconazole was assayed in the presence and absence of KCl. Addition of 150 mM KCl renders the strain more sensitive to the antifungal agent. The effect is caused by the K(+) ion rather than the anion or the osmolarity of the medium. The increase in sensitivity does not modify the values of intracellular and extracellular pH established in the presence of KCl