Connecting the dots between brand experience and brand loyalty: The mediating role of brand personality and brand relationships

This article critically examines consumer–brand relationships from the perspective of interpersonal relationship theory. Specifically, the authors investigate the relationship between brand experience and the two components of brand loyalty, namely purchase brand loyalty and attitudinal brand loyalty. The study also examines the link between brand experience and brand relationship variables, brand trust, brand attachment and brand commitment. In addition, the mediating role of brand personality and brand commitment in the relationship between brand experience and brandloyalty is investigated. Drawing on the results of an empirical cross-brand study from three product categories, the authors demonstrate that brand experience, brand personality and brand relationship variables (brand attachment and brand commitment) all affect the degree to which a consumer is loyal to a brand. On the basis of the findings, the authors offer guidelines to managers on how to build and sustain purchase and attitudinal brand loyalty by enhancing brand experience. The theoretical and managerial significance of the findings together with directions for future research are discussed

Test beam performance of a CBC3-based mini-module for the Phase-2 CMS Outer Tracker before and after neutron irradiation

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will undergo major upgrades to increase the instantaneous luminosity up to 5–7.5×10$^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. This High Luminosity upgrade of the LHC (HL-LHC) will deliver a total of 3000–4000 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13–14 TeV. To cope with these challenging environmental conditions, the strip tracker of the CMS experiment will be upgraded using modules with two closely-spaced silicon sensors to provide information to include tracking in the Level-1 trigger selection. This paper describes the performance, in a test beam experiment, of the first prototype module based on the final version of the CMS Binary Chip front-end ASIC before and after the module was irradiated with neutrons. Results demonstrate that the prototype module satisfies the requirements, providing efficient tracking information, after being irradiated with a total fluence comparable to the one expected through the lifetime of the experiment

Evaluation of HPK +- planar pixel sensors for the CMS Phase-2 upgrade

Data availability: Data will be made available on request.The article archived on this institutional repository is a preprint made available on arXiv, arXiv:2212.04793v1 [physics.ins-det] (license: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). It has not been certified by peer review. You are advised to consult the final version published by Elsevier at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2023.168326 (the pubished version is copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved).To cope with the challenging environment of the planned high luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), scheduled to start operation in 2029, CMS will replace its entire tracking system. The requirements for the tracker are largely determined by the long operation time of 10 years with an instantaneous peak luminosity of up to 7.5 × 10^34 cm^−2^s−1 in the ultimate performance scenario. Depending on the radial distance from the interaction point, the silicon sensors will receive a particle fluence corresponding to a non-ionizing energy loss of up to Φeq = 3.5 × 10^16 cm^−2. This paper focuses on planar pixel sensor design and qualification up to a fluence of Φeq = 1.4 × 10^16 cm^−2. For the development of appropriate planar pixel sensors an R&D program was initiated, which includes n+-p sensors on 150 mm (6'') wafers with an active thickness of 150 μm with pixel sizes of 100 × 25 μm^2 and 50 × 50 μm^2 manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (HPK). Single chip modules with ROC4Sens and RD53A readout chips were made. Irradiation with protons and neutrons, as well was an extensive test beam campaign at DESY were carried out. This paper presents the investigation of various assemblies mainly with ROC4Sens readout chips. It demonstrates that multiple designs fulfill the requirements in terms of breakdown voltage, leakage current and efficiency. The single point resolution for 50 × 50 μm^2 pixels is measured as 4.0 μm for non-irradiated samples, and 6.3 μm after irradiation to Φeq = 7.2 × 10^15 cm^−2.This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) in the framework of the “FIS-Projekt - Fortführung des CMS-Experiments zum Einsatz am HL-LHC: Verbesserung des Spurdetektors für das Phase-2 Upgrade des CMS-Experiments” and supported by the H2020 project AIDA-2020, GA no. 654168. The measurements leading to these results have been performed at the Test Beam Facility at DESY Hamburg (Germany), a member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF). The tracker groups gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following funding agencies: BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS, Belgium and FWO (Belgium); CERN, Switzerland; MSE and CSF (Croatia); Academy of Finland, Finland, MEC, Canada, and HIP (Finland); CEA, United States and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, United States, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NKFIA K124850, and Bolyai Fellowship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Hungary); DAE, India and DST (India); INFN (Italy); PAEC (Pakistan); SEIDI, Spain, CPAN, PCTI and FEDER (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (U.S.A.). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 884104 (PSI-FELLOW-III-3i). Individuals have received support from HFRI (Greece)

Evaluation of planar silicon pixel sensors with the RD53A readout chip for the Phase-2 Upgrade of the CMS Inner Tracker

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN will undergo an upgrade in order to increase its luminosity to 7.5 × 10³⁴ cm⁻²s⁻¹. The increased luminosity during this High-Luminosity running phase, starting around 2029, means a higher rate of proton-proton interactions, hence a larger ionizing dose and particle fluence for the detectors. The current tracking system of the CMS experiment will be fully replaced in order to cope with the new operating conditions. Prototype planar pixel sensors for the CMS Inner Tracker with square 50 μm × 50 μm and rectangular 100 μm × 25 μm pixels read out by the RD53A chip were characterized in the lab and at the DESY-II testbeam facility in order to identify designs that meet the requirements of CMS during the High-Luminosity running phase. A spatial resolution of approximately 3.4 μm (2 μm) is obtained using the modules with 50 μm × 50 μm (100 μm × 25 μm) pixels at the optimal angle of incidence before irradiation. After irradiation to a 1 MeV neutron equivalent fluence of Φeq = 5.3 × 10¹⁵ cm⁻², a resolution of 9.4 μm is achieved at a bias voltage of 800 V using a module with 50 μm × 50 μm pixel size. All modules retain a hit efficiency in excess of 99% after irradiation to fluences up to 2.1 × 10¹⁶ cm⁻². Further studies of the electrical properties of the modules, especially crosstalk, are also presented in this paper

PARITY SELECTED EXCITATION SPECTROSCOPY OF ArCl2

Author Institution: Department of Chemistry, University of PittsburghParity selected excitation spectra have been recorded of the B-X transition of ArCl2 with 0.05 cm-1 resolution. The resolution is such that rotational structure is clearly evident, but not cleanly resolved. Since simulated spectra using a rigid-rotor model are able to fit the whole spectrum and the even and odd parity selected spectra, we are confident that the spectrum is correctly assigned. $ArCl_{2}$ is found to be a ``T'' shaped molecule with a 3.7 {\AA} distance between the center of the Ar atom and the center of mass of the $Cl_{2}$ molecule. This compares to ArC1F which is a linear molecule with only a 3.3 *** Ar-Cl separation. By measuring the vibrational predissociation threshold, the $Ar-Cl_{2}$ bond energy was found to be $178 \pm 1 cm^{-1}$ in the B state and $188 \pm 1 cm^{-1}$ in the X state

PRODUCT STATE DISTRIBUTION OF THE PHOTODISSOCIATION OF THE NeBr2NeBr_{2} VAN DER WAALS MOLECULE

$^{1}$ F. Thommen, D.D. Evard, and K.C. Janda, J. Chem. Phys. $\underline{82}$, 5295, (1985). Address of Cline, Evard, and Janda: Chemistry Building, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260.Author Institution:Van der Waals molecules formed by rare gas atoms bound to halogen molecules are simple molecular systems on which fundamental theories of chemical dynamics may be tested. Vibrational predissociation of $NeBr_{2}$ occurs in the reaction \begin{equation}NeBr_{2}(X,v^{\prime\prime}, J^{\prime}) \to hu \to NeBr_{2}(B,v^{\prime},J^{\prime})\end{equation} \begin{equation}NeBr_{2}(B,v^{\prime},J^{\prime})\to Ne \to Br_{2}(B,v^{\prime}-n,J)\end{equation} Here X and B indicate the electronic states of $NeBr_{2}$ corresponding to the associated electronic states of free $Br_{2}$ and v is the vibrational quantum number of the Br-Br stretching mode. $NeBr_{2} (B,v^{\prime})$ has a lifetime of typically much less than one nanosecond. High resolution laser induced fluorescence studies have yielded accurate structural information about the X and B electronic states of $NeBr_{2}$ as well as vibrational state dependent rates for (2). The radiative lifetime of $Br_{2}(B)$ is several orders of magnitude greater than the predissociation lifetime of $NeBr_{2}$. By dispersing the fluorescence of the $Br_{2}$ fragment the vibrational and rotational state distributions of the reaction products are obtained, giving quantum state to state understanding of the reaction dynamics. Further analysis of the spectra allows indirect determination of the depth of the van der Waals potential. Preliminary results show evidence of rotational excitation of the $Br_{2}$ fragment and the loss of multiple vibrational quanta upon excitation of the higher $v^{\prime}$ states

Scalable cluster administration - Chiba City I approach and lessons learned.

Systems administrators of large clusters often need to perform the same administrative activity hundreds or thousands of times. Often such activities are time-consuming, especially the tasks of installing and maintaining software. By combining network services such as DHCP, TFTP, FTP, HTTP, and NFS with remote hardware control, cluster administrators can automate all administrative tasks. Scalable cluster administration addresses the following challenge: What systems design techniques can cluster builders use to automate cluster administration on very large clusters? We describe the approach used in the Mathematics and Computer Science Division of Argonne National Laboratory on Chiba City I, a 314-node Linux cluster; and we analyze the scalability, flexibility, and reliability benefits and limitations from that approach

Clusters as large-scale development facilities.

In this paper, the authors describe the use of a cluster as a generalized facility for development. A development facility is a system used primarily for testing and development activities while being operated reliably for many users. They are in the midst of a project to build and operate a large-scale development facility. They discuss the motivation for using clusters in this way and compare the model with a classic computing facility. They describe their experiences and findings from the first phase of this project. many of these observations are relevant to the design of standard clusters and to future development facilities